Foreign Reserves of the Central Bank of Iraq and its Influence on Foreign Investment Flows (Applied Research in the Period 2004 - 2019)

The importance of research results from its analysis of a major economic variable, which is foreign investment in an unstable environment that has not been witnessed by any country in the world. And because the research is applied, it has used real data on the work of the Central Bank of Iraq. Therefore, the results they will obtain are concrete results, And the problem of research may therefore be summarized by the following question: Has the Central Bank of Iraq been able to contribute to attracting foreign investment via its foreign reserves?. To prove the main premise of the research, “there is a significant statistical relationship between the Central Bank of Iraq's foreign exchange reserves and foreign investment” the standard quantitative approach has been applied, and the research reached several conclusions, The relationship between the Iraqi Central Bank's foreign assets and foreign investment is positive, and this fits into the theoretical details of the research, which reflects the success of the goal of accumulating such reserves, especially since they increased in the period under discussion, It also reflects the success of the Central Bank of Iraq in managing these assets.

WORKING-OUT OF THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN PJSC "GAZPROM" IN AN UNSTABLE ENVIRONMENT

The article is devoted to the issues of working-out and adjustment of the development strategy in PJSC "Gazprom". The results of the strategic analysis of the macro- and microenvironment in the organization are presented. Key problems in the company's activities are identified. An approach to the implementation of multi-criteria assessment and the choice of the basic competition strategy of the organization is proposed.

Performance of different Formation control methods between Multiple Spacecraft with local part communications

With the development of network and distributed computing, many applications of multi vehicle system have become possible, and motion transformation can be realized. In multi vehicle coordination, the interaction between information exchange topology and control plays an important role. Different formation control methods have different performance. Thus, in order to figure out which method is suitable for multiple spacecraft, the author simulated the signal unstable environment in space to test the robustness and consensus speed of the following three methods. The author use Bearing-only Formation Control, A leader–follower Formation Control and Affine Formation Control to test their performance with local part communications. The author use matlab and simulink to analog communication process of multiple spacecraft. Finally, the author find Affine Formation Control’s performance is the best. It has the best robustness and the fast consensus speed but more energy and signal paths to communicate.

The Impact of ESG Management on Investment Decision: Institutional Investors’ Perceptions of Country-Specific ESG Criteria

Existing global ESG models are limited in terms of applicability and predictability, especially in countries with an unstable environment. On the other hand, utilizing internally made or privately sourced ESG models have caused issues relating to generalizability, comparability, and continuity. In our research, we present an ESG framework that is specific to South Korea, which has both global and country-specific factors in all three categories. The AHP model is used to determine how the three categories’ materiality would be viewed by institutional investors as well as how country-specific factors rank against global factors. The results of this study show that institutional investors place more importance on environmental and governance factors compared to social factors. Factors including shareholders’ rights, pollution and waste, greenhouse gas emissions, and risk and opportunity management are found to have greater influences on investors’ investment decisions. In addition, it was confirmed that both of the country-specific variables for South Korea, partnership with subcontractor and CEO reputation, have a significant influence on investment decisions. By having the ESG model validated by institutional investors, who are the main users of ESG disclosures of corporations, our methodology of presenting a country-specific model can be benchmarked by studies on other emerging markets with a variety of country-level specificities.

Travelling Sideways in Time (Without a Suitcase): The Aggregate Identity of Audrey Parker on Haven

A distinct strand has differentiated itself in television programming in the twenty-first century: television series that feature female protagonists travelling between parallel worlds. The worlds in most of these series are on the edge of destruction through terrorism, war or another traumatic event. The female protagonists, who share the special ability to travel between the worlds, have a unique role to play – they serve as mediators between the universes. Their inbetweenness enables their autonomy and resistance to violence, death, and appropriation. This role is played by Audrey Parker (Emily Rose) in the fantasy/supernatural drama Haven. Audrey’s task is to travel through an interdimensional portal to the town of Haven every twenty-seven years to help as a police officer to protect the inhabitants who are plagued by “the Troubles,” that is, supernatural abilities, which finally threaten them with imminent destruction. The uniqueness of Audrey resides not only in her special status as a traveller between the worlds but also in her identity, which consists of many segments in which different consciousnesses inhabit the same non-ageing body over five hundred years. The essay will analyse the unique temporality of the character, governed by female patterns of travel and her nomadic subjectivity, proposing that her figure links human lifetimes to geological aeons, symbolised by aether, the primary substance of the Void, located between the worlds. That link makes Haven a show of the Anthropocene, the geologic time period defined by humanity’s influence upon the earth. The Anthropocene challenges us to think beyond the usual temporality of a human lifespan, and so does Haven. The imminent destruction as a result of individual egotism leading to the misuse of aether in the show is a trope for the destruction of our planet. Haven uses the figure of Audrey Parker to represent a network of connections and repercussions dispersed over centuries to illustrate how our cumulative actions impact our planet. The show’s anti-linear strategies thus address the environmental concerns of an increasingly unstable environment to propose new ways through which to figure and address imminent threats concerning ecological disaster.

Is evolution faster at ecotones? A test using rates and tempo of diet transitions in Neotropical Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Cricetidae)

We evaluated whether evolution is faster at ecotones as niche shifts may be needed to persist under unstable environment. We mapped diet evolution along the evolutionary history of 350 sigmodontine species. Mapping was used in three new tip-based metrics of trait evolution–Transition Rates, Stasis Time, and Last Transition Time–which were spatialized at the assemblage level (aTR, aST, aTL). Assemblages were obtained by superimposing range maps on points located at core and ecotone of the 91 South American ecoregions. Using Linear Mixed Models, we tested whether ecotones have species with more changes from the ancestral diet (higher aTR), have maintained the current diet for a shorter time (lower aST) and have more recent transitions to the current diet (lower aLT) than cores. We found higher aTR, aST and aLT at ecotones than at cores. Although ecotones are more heterogeneous, both environmentally and in relation to selection pressures they exert on organisms, ecotone species change little from the ancestral diet as generalist habits are necessary toward feeding in ephemeral environments. The need to incorporate phylogenetic uncertainty in tip-based metrics was evident from large uncertainty detected. Our study integrates ecology and evolution by analyzing how fast trait evolution is across space.

CHANGE OF GENERATIONS AND VALUE SYSTEMS IN THE NORTH CAUCASIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT ON THE EXAMPLE OF GENDER AND FAMILY RELATIONS

Глобализация и технологический прогресс начала XXIв. приводят к фундаментальным изменениям в структуре систем ценностей обществ по всему миру. Интернет и социальные сети сделали прежде закрытые общества открытыми и способствовали межкультурному общению, проводящему к обмену поведенческими практиками. Поколение миллениалов – первое поколение, взрослевшее в новых информационных условиях. Российские миллениалы во многом совпадают с миллениалами Европы и США. В данном контексте интерес представляют общества Северного Кавказа, по представлению многих по-прежнему являющиеся патриархальными и традиционными. Цель исследования – изучение поколенческих изменений северокавказских народов на примере семейных и гендерных отношений. На основании проведенного исследования сделаны следующие выводы: на примере семейных отношений заметно сближение регионов Северного Кавказа с общероссийскими тенденциями в виде снижения числа заключаемых браков, стабильного роста разводов и снижения общего числа рожденных детей. Идеи феминизма также постепенно распространяются среди женской части населения. Одновременно с модернизацией общества в ряде регионов идет архаизация и исламизация, выражаемая в возрастающей популярности многоженства. Наличие разных идеологий внутри одного поколения может приводить к конфликтам, поскольку эти идеологии не только не сочетаются, но и противоречат друг другу. Technical progress and globalization that happened all over the world at the beginning of the XXI century led to fundamental changes of value systems in societies. The Internet and social media have opened up previously closed societies and contributed to intercultural communication which led to the exchange of behavioral practices. The millennial generation is the first generation that grew up in the new information environment. In many ways Russian millennials are similar to millennials in Europe and the United States. In this context, the societies of the North Caucasus, which, according to many, are still patriarchal and traditional, are of special interest. The purpose of the study is to analyze generational changes in the North Caucasian societies using the example of marital and gender relationships. Based on the study, the following conclusions were made: based on the example of family relationships, there is a noticeable convergence of the regions of the North Caucasus with all-Russian trends in the form of a decrease in the number of marriages, a stable increase in divorce rates and a decrease in the total number of children born. Feminist ideas are also gradually spreading among the female population. Simultaneously, with the modernization of society in a number of regions, archaization and Islamization are taking place, expressed in the growing popularity of polygamy. The presence of different ideologies within one generation are able to lead to conflicts, since these ideologies not only do not combine, but also contradict each other and create unstable environment.