scholarly journals Study of Shark Kidney Histology (Carcharhinus sorrah)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Zakia Darajat
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Cartilaginous Fish ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Bony Fishes ◽  
Distal Tubules ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Paraffin Method

Shark is a fish widespread in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean with a depth of 75 to 130 meters. Shark is a cartilaginous fish (Elasmobranchii). The fish is an ancient animal species that are still alive and also have different characteristics with bony fishes. Research on the histology of the shark's kidneys is still rare. The purpose of this study was to describe the histology of the shark kidneys (Carcharhinus sorrah). In this study we used one individual shark (Carcharhinus sorrah) from Depok Beach, Yogyakarta. The method used in this research was paraffin method with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. From microscopic observation, the kidneys consist of glomerular parts, proximal tubules, distal tubules and lymphoid tissue.

scholarly journals Anatomical Structure of Shark Fish Digestive (Carcharhinus sorrah)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 169-171
Author(s):  
Ulfaricha Cahya Happyalita ◽  
Nur Lailatul Kamila
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Digestive Organs ◽  
Macroscopic Observation ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Paraffin Method

This study aims to determine the anatomical structure of sharks. Sharks are members of the subclass elasmobranchii. Sharks (Carcharhinus sorrah) are shaped like terpedoit. This research was conducted using macroscopic and microscopic observations on the digestive organs of sharks (Carcharhinus sorrah). Macroscopic observation is done by looking at shapes, structures, and analyzing photos of organs. Microscopic observation was carried out by making organ preparations using paraffin method, using hematoxylin-eosin staining then observed using a microscope. Digestive organs of sharks (Carcharhinus sorrah) were observed, namely, stomach, intestine and liver.

scholarly journals Comparative Anatomy and Histology of Black Pomfret (Formio niger) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Kidney

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nurul Safitri Apriliani ◽  
Muhammad Jafar Luthfi
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Habitat Differences ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Paraffin Method

Black pomfret and nile tilapia are belonging to order Perciformes. Both fish are live in different habitat. Black pomfret is marine water whereas nile tilapia is in freshwater. The purpose of the study was to determine anatomy and histology of the kidneys structures in both fishes. Histological preparations were done using paraffin method, with <em>Hematoxylin-Eosin</em> (HE) staining. The results, showed that Black pomfret and nile tilapia have y-shape kidney. Nile tilapia has darker red colour and softer texture than black pomfret kidney. Histologically, black pomfret and nile tilapia kidneys have a distal tubule, proximal tubule, glomerulus and lymphoid tissue. Glomerular diameter of nile tilapia (69,22 µm) was larger than pomfret (61,25 µm). It can be concluded that differences between anatomical and histological structure of kidney are affected by habitat differences.

Studi Histokimia Usus Biawak Air (Varanus salvator bivittatus) (Reptil: Varanidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfud Mahfud ◽  
Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Histological Section ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Paraffin Method

Biological information, behaviour and suitable habitat of water monitor was very less in order to support its maintenance management and breeding efforts. One of important information is the information of digestive tract, particularly the information about the structure of intestine tissue of water monitor. Sample in this research was intestine organ of water monitor. The animal was anesthetized, exanguinated, and fixed in paraformaldehyde 4% by tissue perfusion method. The intestine tissue sample for histological section with paraffin method was cutted with 3-4 μm thick and coloured with hematoxylin eosin (HE). Observation were performed to the structure of intestine histology. The results was analysed descriptively and presented in figures. Monitor lizard intestine consist of small intestine and large intestine. The small intestinal wall was observed similar to jejunum and ileum. The large intestinal wall was composed of transitional ephytelia and connective tissue. However, the ephytelial layer in this tissue was composed of transitional ephytelia that similar to vesica urinaria and there are no villi.

Ochratoxin A and Citrinin Induced Nephrosis in Beagle Dogs II. Pathology

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Kitchen ◽  
W. W. Carlton ◽  
J. Tuite
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Peripheral Lymph ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Distal Tubules

Beagle dogs were given ochratoxin A (0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg) and citrinin (5 and 10 mg/kg) alone and in two dose combinations for 14 days. The gross lesions included focal peritonitis and intestinal intussusceptions in dogs given citrinin. Changes in the kidneys of dogs given ochratoxin A were degeneration and necrosis with desquamation of tubular epithelial cells, primarily in the straight segment of the proximal tubules. Dogs given 10 mg/kg citrinin had similar changes in the distal tubules and collecting ducts. Dogs given combined doses of citrinin and ochratoxin A had degeneration and necrosis in proximal and distal tubules, and in thin segments and the collecting ducts; there were desquamated cells and granular casts in the lumina. Dogs given ochratoxin A had necrosis of lymphoid tissues in the spleen, tonsil, thymus, peripheral lymph nodes and lymph nodules of the ileum, colon and rectum. There was ulceration of the mucosa of the intestine in dogs given large combined doses of ochratoxin A and citrinin.

scholarly journals Green tea and bilberry protective effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
Milica Veljković ◽  
Dragana Pavlović ◽  
Ivan Ilić ◽  
Dušan Sokolović
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Glomerular Basal Membrane ◽  
Complete Disruption ◽  
Distal Tubules

The aim of our study was to investigate if green tea and bilberry have protective effect on gentamicin-induced kidney damage, when applied together, and to make a connection between their effects. GM group of rats received only gentamicin, GT group received green tea only, B group received only bilberry, whereas control (C) group received saline only. GT+GM group received green tea together with gentamicin, and B+GM group received bilberry together with gentamicin. Biochemical analysis showed significantly increased urea and creatinine levels in GM group when compared to groups that also received bilberry or green tea. Histological analysis showed complete disruption of glomerular basal membrane as well as basal membranes of both proximal and distal tubules in GM group. These destructive effects were significantly milder and limited only to proximal tubules when bilberry or green tea was applied simultaneously with gentamicin. Both green tea and bilberry protective effect on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity is manifested because of their strong antioxidant activity. Since they are strong antioxidants, widely distributed in nature, they can offer available and inexpensive adjuvant therapy in Gram-negative infections, which can relieve gentamicin nephrotoxicity, but will not affect its bactericidal effect.

In vivo metabolism of tritiated LHRH by the whole kidney and individual tubules of rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (6) ◽  
pp. F628-F632
Author(s):  
M. A. Stetler-Stevenson ◽  
G. Flouret ◽  
S. Nakamura ◽  
B. Gulczynski ◽  
F. A. Carone
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Radioactive Label ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Contact Digestion ◽  
Distal Tubules

[pyroglutamyl-3,4-3H]Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ([3H]LHRH) and [14C]inulin were infused into individual nephrons in Inactin-anesthetized rats and the amount of radioactive label and the identity of the radioactively labeled material in urine were determined. The site of infusion was identified by latex injection and microdissection. [3H]LHRH was microinfused at 1.5 X 10(-5 M (concentration 10(6)-10(7) higher than in plasma) and analysis of urinary metabolites was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The urinary recovery of tritium label was 81% when proximal tubules were infused and 94% when distal tubules were infused. For proximal tubules 90% of the label recovered in urine appeared as pGlu-His (metabolite 2), pGlu-His-Trp (metabolite 3), and pGlu-His-Trp-Ser (metabolite 4), and 10% as LHRH. With distal tubules only LHRH was detected in the urine. [3H]LHRH was presented to the renal artery of the filtering rat kidney in vivo, and urine and renal venous blood were analyzed for breakdown products. The urine contained metabolites 2, 3, and 4 and no LHRH, whereas venous blood contained mainly pGlu, metabolite 4, and LHRH. When [3H]LHRH was perfused in vivo through the nonfiltering rat kidney or rat lower limb, renal or femoral venous blood was found to contain only LHRH. These studies suggest that [3H]LHRH undergoes glomerular filtration and contact digestion by brush border enzymes of the proximal tubule to produce metabolites 2, 3, and 4. These metabolites and possibly LHRH are partially reabsorbed and undergo further intracellular degradation to produce pGlu. Endothelial and interstitial cells in the kidney and leg do not appreciably metabolize [3H]LHRH.

scholarly journals Lung Histopathology of Laying Hens Infected by Colibacillosis in the Animal Cages Experiments of the Disease Investigation Center 6, Denpasar, Bali

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Kadek Ayu Trisna Yanti ◽  
Iriani Setyawati ◽  
Ni Putu Adriani Astiti
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Lung Histopathology ◽  
Live Stock ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Paraffin Method ◽  
Neutral Buffer Formalin

This study aimed to determine the lungs histopathology of laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) at the Animal Cage Experiments in the Disease Investigation Center 6, Directorate General of Live Stock (DIC-6 DGLS), Denpasar, Bali, which died from colibacillosis infection. Sample of lungs were cut transversely then put into 10% of Neutral Buffer Formalin, then processed histologically by paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. Observation under microscope (magnification 100x and 400x) was done for histopathological examination. Laying hens died from colibacillosis infection showed that their lungs were infected by colibacillosis, and there were found 62.50% of necrosis, 75% of inflammatory cells infiltration and 80% of hemorrhage in the lungs.

scholarly journals Differential regulation of B/K protein expression in proximal and distal tubules of rat kidneys with ischemia-reperfusion injury

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. F100-F106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Hwan Han ◽  
U-Young Lee ◽  
Yoon-Seong Jang ◽  
Yoon Mi Cho ◽  
Young Min Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
S3 Segment ◽  
Distal Tubules ◽  
Rat Kidneys

Brain/kidney (B/K) protein is a novel double C2-like-domain protein that is highly expressed in rat brain and kidney, but its cellular localization and functional role in the kidney are still undetermined. We examined the cellular localization of B/K protein in the rat kidney under normal and ischemic conditions. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury was induced by clamping both renal arteries for 45 min, and animals were killed at 1 and 6 h and 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 days after the reperfusion. Kidney tissues were processed for immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analyses using rabbit anti-B/K polyclonal antibodies. In control kidneys, B/K protein was expressed primarily in distal tubules including the thick ascending limb, distal convoluted and connecting tubules, and collecting duct. Notably, B/K protein was also expressed in the straight portion (S3 segment), but not in the S1 or S2, of proximal tubules, and podocytes of the glomerulus. In rat kidneys with I/R injury, expression of B/K protein was differentially regulated according to the anatomic location. In distal tubules, overall expression of B/K protein was markedly decreased. On the other hand, I/R injury significantly increased B/K protein expression in the S3 segment of the outer medulla as well as in the rat proximal tubular epithelial cell line NRK-52E in vitro. Furthermore, B/K protein was strongly expressed in many exfoliated cells in the lumen and urine. These findings suggest that B/K protein is closely associated with cell death in proximal tubules, which are vulnerable to I/R injury in the kidney.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Role of Na+/ K+ ATPase Ion Transporters and Na+/K+/ 2Cl and Na+/H+ Exchanger Cotransporters in Nephrons of Periophthalmus Waltoni Using Immunohistochemistry and Histology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kave Esfandiari ◽  
Mohammad Babaei ◽  
Mina Amiri-Farahani ◽  
Ali Kalantari-Hesari ◽  
Hassan Morovvati
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Ion Regulation ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Distal Tubules ◽  
Periophthalmus Waltoni

Abstract Kidneys play an important role in regulating the balance of water and ions in freshwater and seawater fish. However, complex kidney structures impair a comprehensive understanding of kidney function. In this study, in addition to renal histology, Na+/K+/ATPase ion transporter proteins and Na+/K+/2Cl− and NHE3 cotransporters were located in Priophthalmus waltoni kidney tissue to evaluate the ion regulation abilities of epithelial cells in various parts of nephrons. The renal tubules are composed of proximal tubules and distal tubules, followed by collecting tubes and finally collecting ducts. Light microscope immunohistochemistry was utilized to locate Na+/ K+-ATPase along renal tubules and collecting ducts. However, the distribution of the Na+/K+-ATPase immune response varies in different sections. Na+/K+/CL− cotransporter positioning was reported only in collecting tubes and collecting ducts, and proximal tubes and distal tubes did not respond to Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter immunolocalization. Immunohistochemical response for NHE3 localization was detected only at the apex of epithelial cells of proximal tubules and collecting tubes. The distal tubes showed negative reaction and the collecting ducts showed a weak response to NHE3 safety immunolocalization.

scholarly journals Endopeptidases (kininases) are able to hydrolyze kinins in tubular fluid along the rat nephron

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. F66-F74 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Casarini ◽  
M. A. Boim ◽  
R. C. R. Stella ◽  
N. Schor
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Neutral Endopeptidase ◽  
Prolyl Endopeptidase ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Distal Nephron ◽  
Distal Tubules

The activities of serine endopeptidase, prolyl endopeptidase and neutral endopeptidase were determined in tubular fluid collected from several portions of the rat nephron as well as in urine. The enzyme activities were measured by HPLC using bradykinin (BK) as substrate. Free residual peptides of BK obtained by the action of these enzymes on the locally produced BK were also determined. The endopeptidase activities were found to be present throughout the nephron. Equimolar fragments of BK were detected in the early proximal tubule (Arg1-Pro7, Phe8-Arg9, Arg1-Gly4, Phe5-Arg9, and BK), late proximal tubule (Arg1-Phe5, Arg1-Pro7, Gly4-Pro7, Gly4-Arg9, and BK), late distal tubule (Arg1-Gly4, Phe5-Arg9, Arg1-Phe5, Ser6-Arg9, Gly4-Arg9, BK, and [des-Arg9]BK) and urine (Phe8-Arg9, Phe5-Arg9, Arg1-Phe5, Ser6-Arg9, Arg1-Pro7, Gly4-Pro7, Gly4-Arg9, BK, and [des-Arg9]BK). Our data suggest that the endopeptidases and exopeptidases are secreted by the nephron. Early proximal tubules secrete angiotensin converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase, differing from late distal tubules that produce prolyl endopeptidase, serine endopeptidase, carboxypeptidase, and also neutral endopeptidase. All enzymes detected along the rat nephron were found in the urine. The existence of endopeptidases and carboxypeptidase in the distal nephron may have a potential physiological role in the inactivation of the kinins formed by kallikrein in the kidney and also in the inactivation of additional peptides other than BK.

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