scholarly journals Minidiab test to assess the function of pancreatic beta-cells in the children of diabetics

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
E. G. Gasparyan ◽  
S. A. Nersesyan ◽  
Ye. A. Volkova ◽  
Z. V. Kryuchkova ◽  
L. I. Velikanova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Dependent

The levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide in the blood scrum were measured in 38 subjects with normal and impaired glucose tolerance whose parents suffered from insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NID- DM, respectively) and in 12 normal subjects without hereditary aggravation for diabetes mellitus in order to specify the pecualiaritics of development of diabetes mellitus of various types. Reliably increased levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide on an empty stomach and absence of adequate secretion of insulin and C-peptide in response to stimulation with 5 mg of minidiab, expressed by a later and less manifest release of insulin and C-peptide, were observed in the test group, in contrast to healthy controls. The detected changes augment with the progress of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, being more marked in the subjects whose parents suffered from IDDM. The findings permit a conclusion that function of the insular system is changed during early disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in subjects whose parents suffered from both forms of diabetes mellitus. Minidiab test is recommended to specify the function of the pancreatic insular system.

scholarly journals Fructosamine measurements in the early diagnosis of disordered carbohydrate metabolism

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
E. G. Gasparyan ◽  
S. A. Nersesyan ◽  
Ye. L. Volkova ◽  
Z. V. Kryuchkova ◽  
S. Nassur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Empty Stomach ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Fructosamine ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
First Time

Blood serum fructosamine level were measured on an empty stomach in 97 normal subjects and subjects with various disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (the so-called prediabetes and changed glucose tolerance) in order to elucidate the significance of this factor as a marker of such disorders. Fructosamine concentrations were for the first time measured in children whose parents suffered from insulin-dependent or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The content of fructosamine on an empty stomach was found to depend on the degree of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, increasing with the progress of these disorders. The findings permit a conclusion on the possibility of using fructosamine as a marker for the diagnosis of prediabetes in subjects with its levels of 2.5 to 2.99 mmol/1 and of disordered glucose tolerance in those with its levels over 3 mmol/1 and glucose level on an empty stomach no more than 6 mmol/l.

Response of plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test in normal subjects and patients with impaired glucose tolerance

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuyasu Itoh ◽  
Yoshifumi Hirooka ◽  
Noriyuki Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Somatostatin 14

Abstract. To study the role of somatostatin in the pathophysiology of glucose intolerance in man, plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) was measured in 8 normal subjects, 6 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 13 with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 9 with hyperthyroidism, by extraction of plasma SLI and radioimmunoassay. The extraction method gave a recovery rate for synthetic somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 of 72 ± 6 and 55 ± 7%, respectively. No SLI corresponding to somatostatin-28 in human peripheral blood was observed. Incubation of somatostatin-28 in plasma gave a rapid decrease of immunoreactivity, and no conversion to somatostatin-14 was observed. It is speculated that SLI extracted with acid-acetone mainly represents a molecular weight similar to somatostatin-14. After oral administration of glucose (75 g), a clear and sustained rise in plasma SLI was seen in normal subjects from an initial value (± sem) of 29.9 ± 5.4 pg/ml to a peak value, at 60 min of 93.4 ± 15.5 pg/ml. The increase of plasma SLI after 75 g glucose was also observed in IDDM and NIDDM. The peak level of SLI was significantly less than that for normal subjects. The extraction of plasma SLI with acetic acid and acetone gave reproducible results and showed a fluctuation of SLI with glucose concentration.

scholarly journals Endogenous secretion of insulin and its relationship with immunogenetic markers in infants with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
I. V. Osokina ◽  
L. N. Scherbacheva ◽  
N. B. Lebedev ◽  
I. M. Belovalova ◽  
A. P. Knyazeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Hla Phenotype

The level of C-peptide is a marker determining the clinical course of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The factors influencing the volume of residual endogenous secretion of insulin in IDDM patients are not yet well known. In order to elucidate the effect of HLA-phenotype on the residual function .of pancreatic beta-cells and the course of diabetes, 114 children, 55 boys and 59 girls aged 8 months to 6.5 years, suffering from IDDM, were examined. HLA phenotype was detected by the standard microlymphocytotoxic test. Fifty-nine HLA antigens of classes I and II, locuses A, B, DR, DQ were taken into consideration. Basal and radial C-peptide was assessed by radioimmunoassay. The pancreatic insulin-secretory function was found reduced in young patients with IDDM. The mean values of C- peptide were 0.13 ± 0.01 nmol/liter. Residual secretion of insulin was revealed in 56.2% of children. HLA markers of high risk of IDDM development in the first yeais of life were revealed: DQw3. DR3/4. DR4, DR3, B8 antigens. The markers of high risk of diabetes DR3 and DR4, and moreover, DR3/4. as well as the age by the disease onset and duration of IDDM were found to influence the size and duration of functioning of beta-cells.

Endogenous secretion of insulin and its relationship with immunogenetic markers in infants with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
I. V. Osokina ◽  
L. N. Scherbacheva ◽  
N. B. Lebedev ◽  
I. M. Belovalova ◽  
A. P. Knyazeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Hla Phenotype

RESULTS:The level of C-peptide is a marker determining the clinical course of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The factors influencing the volume of residual endogenous secretion of insulin in IDDM patients are not yet well known. In order to elucidate the effect of HLA-phenotype on the residual function .of pancreatic beta-cells and the course of diabetes, 114 children, 55 boys and 59 girls aged 8 months to 6.5 years, suffering from IDDM, were examined. HLA phenotype was detected by the standard microlymphocytotoxic test. Fifty-nine HLA antigens of classes I and II, locuses A, B, DR, DQ were taken into consideration. Basal and radial C-peptide was assessed by radioimmunoassay. The pancreatic insulin-secretory function was found reduced in young patients with IDDM. The mean values of C- peptide were 0.13 ± 0.01 nmol/liter. Residual secretion of insulin was revealed in 56.2% of children. HLA markers of high risk of IDDM development in the first yeais of life were revealed: DQw3. DR3/4. DR4, DR3, B8 antigens. The markers of high risk of diabetes DR3 and DR4, and moreover, DR3/4. as well as the age by the disease onset and duration of IDDM were found to influence the size and duration of functioning of beta-cells.

Somatostatin potentiation of insulin-induced glucose uptake in normal individuals

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. E674-E679
Author(s):  
M. S. Wu ◽  
L. T. Ho ◽  
J. J. Chen ◽  
Y. D. Chen ◽  
G. M. Reaven
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Relative Ability ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Insulin Dependent

The ability of somatostatin (SRIF) to enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was evaluated during clamp studies in normal individuals and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The results demonstrated that glucose uptake at insulin levels of approximately 100 microU/ml was significantly greater (P less than 0.001) in normal individuals in response to insulin plus SRIF as compared with insulin alone. In contrast, SRIF did not enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in patients with NIDDM. Measurements were also made of the relative ability of insulin as compared with insulin plus SRIF to suppress C-peptide and glucagon concentrations during the clamp studies. The results of these experiments showed that SRIF did not potentiate the ability of insulin to suppress C-peptide concentrations in normal subjects but did in patients with NIDDM. However, plasma glucagon levels were reduced to a greater degree when SRIF was added to insulin in both normal and diabetic individuals.

scholarly journals High 24-Hour Urinary C-Peptide Excretion in Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Young Hwan Chung ◽  
Kyong Soo Park ◽  
Ki Up Lee ◽  
Seong Yeon Kim ◽  
Hong Kyu Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Dependent
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document