scholarly journals Plot size and number of replications to assess the vegetable matter in oat

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-263
Author(s):  
André Lavezo ◽  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
Bruna Mendonça Alves ◽  
Denison Esequiel Schabarum ◽  
Daniela Lixinski Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Uniformity Trials

The determination of the optimum plot size in agricultural crops is important for obtaining accurate inferences in the treatments in question. This study aimed at determining the optimum plot size (Xo) and the number of replications to evaluate the fresh matter (FM) and the dry matter (DM) of oat and at verifying the variability of Xo among cultivars and sowing dates. Ninety-six uniformity trials of 3×3 m were performed and each assay was divided into 36 basic experimental units (BEU) of 0.5×0.5 m. The 96 uniformity trials were distributed in four cultivars and three sowing dates. At the flowering stage, FM and DM were determined in each BEU. Then, the Xo was determined in each uniformity assay, using the maximum curvature method of the coefficient of variation model. In oat, there is variability of Xo among cultivars and sowing dates to measure FM and DM. For the four cultivars on the three sowing dates, the Xo of 1.66 m2 and of 1.73 m2 are suitable to evaluate FM and DM, respectively. Four replications to evaluate the maximum of 50 treatments in completely randomized design and randomized blocks design are sufficient so that the differences among treatment means of 44.75% of the experiment mean may be significant, using the Tukey test at 5% probability to measure FM and DM in oat.

Effect of Salinity on Germination of Lettuce Cultivars Produced in Brazil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Tadeu Fim Rosas ◽  
Edilson Marques Junior ◽  
Rodrigo Monte Lorenzoni ◽  
Fernando Ferreira Lima dos Santos ◽  
Rodrigo Nogueira Martins
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Resistant Plant ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Doses

The challenge of recovering degraded soils due to salinity excess leads to the search for more effective strategies that can overcome this problem. Among these, one of the approaches is the use of resistant plant varieties in affected areas. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different doses of salts on seed germination and seedling formation of two lettuce cultivars (Hanson and H121) and to verify the existence of tolerance among the cultivars. A completely randomized design was used in a 2x5x4 factorial scheme, where the cultivars were evaluated under five distinct salt doses (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mol.m-3, conductivities of 0.0, 2.8, 5.4, ​​8.0 and 10.6 dS.m-1, respectively), with four replicates. In this sense, the following variables were evaluated: germination rate (GR), germination speed index (GSI), seedling height (SH), root length (RL) and percentage of dry matter in relation to fresh matter (DM%). As a result, the Hanson cultivar presented better performance than the H121, under all the different salt doses, in all the studied variables. Also, the EC of 2.8 dS.m-1 did not affect any of the studied variables, including both cultivars. However, EC above 2.8 dS.m-1had, significantly, reduced the development of the cultivars. The Hanson cultivar was influenced only in the variables SH, RL and DM%, where and DM% were influenced by EC values above 8.0 and 10.6 dS.m-1, respectively. The cultivar H121 was significantly influenced by all evaluate dvariables, which demonstrates its greater susceptibility to salinity.

scholarly journals INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CORN SUBJECTED TO INCREASING NITROGEN DOSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e5226
Author(s):  
Dhiego César Oliveira Riva Neto ◽  
Leonardo Rodrigues Barros ◽  
Vinicius Silva Sousa ◽  
Eliana Paula Fernandes Brasil ◽  
Adriana Aparecida Ribon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Almost All

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereals grown and consumed in the world not only for its economic value but also due to its importance in human and animal nutrition. This study aimed to assess the initial development of corn as a function of increasing nitrogen doses. The study was carried out in a greenhouse on the Sipal Farm, Confresa, MT, Brazil. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design, consisting of five treatments (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg N dm−3 soil), with four replications, conducted from April to June 2020. Four seeds of the hybrid K 9606 VIP 3 were sown per 8-L polyethylene pot. The plants were thinned at 7 days after emergence (DAE), leaving only one plant per pot. Morphological components were assessed. A significant effect was found for almost all the analyzed parameters, except for stem diameter and root dry matter. The maximum plant height, shoot fresh matter, leaf area index, shoot dry matter, root fresh matter, and root volume was obtained by applying the maximum agronomic efficiency doses of 248.83, 271.90, 336.91, 279.66, 403.92, and 272.90 mg N dm−3 soil, respectively. Nitrogen doses influenced the initial development of the corn crop.

scholarly journals Biometry in Umbu fruits from the semi-arid region of Paraiba

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Rodrigo Araújo Pereira ◽  
Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽  
Angela Maria dos Santos Pessoa ◽  
Erika Socorro Alves Graciano de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Umbu fruits from four municipalities of Paraíba were morphologically characterized in order to identify promising genotypes for fresh consumption and agro-industrial use. We used 400 fruits from parent plants located in São Vicente do Seridó, Queimadas, Boqueirão, and Cabaceiras and 40 commercial fruits from two open fairs in Campina Grande, PB. The experimental unit consisted of ten fruits. The fruits were analyzed for total mass (MTF), length (LC), diameter (DF), fresh matter (MMF), yield (RF), and presence of hairs. In the endocarps, mass (ME), length (CE), diameter (DE), and width (LE) were the evaluated parameters. A completely randomized design was adopted, the data were subjected to variance analysis, and the means were compared by the Tukey test and principal component analysis. The fruits from Queimadas and São Vicente do Seridó showed the best morphological characters with regard to mass, length, diameter, fresh matter, and fruit yield, and were the most promising for agro-industrial commercialization. The fruits from Boqueirão showed the highest endocarp mass. Most fruits showed hairs on the peel, except the commercial ones. Four groups of municipalities were formed, with the fruits from Queimadas showing the largest size, while the fruits from São Vicente de Seridó and Soledade showed the highest yield.

scholarly journals Evaluation of productive and economic parameters of pigs in the final stage, with three feeding programs

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Juan Noguez-Estrada ◽  
Tania Aguilar-Priciliano ◽  
Jorge Vargas-Monter ◽  
Leodan Tadeo Rodríguez-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective was to evaluate the productive and economic parameters of pigs in the final stage with three commercial feeding programs. 240 pigs with homogeneous characteristics were used, assigning 40 females and 40 males completely random to the treatments. The animals were fed with 3 diets in flour containing different level of protein: T0 (16 %), T1 (16.42 %) and T2 (17.51). For the analysis of the information, a completely randomized design was used, the means were contrasted with the Tukey test. There were no significant differences (P> 0.05) for the evaluated variables, with the highest consumption of dry matter (CDM) recorded in the T1 (2,065), followed by T2 (2,063) and T0 (1,931 kg.). The daily weight gain (DWG) was for T2 of 0.863 grs., T1 with (0.858) and for T0 of 0.826 grs. With a food conversion (FC) for the proposal T0 of 2,562, T1 (2,671) and T2 3,027 kg. The pigs fed with T1 recorded a cost of 16,869 / Kg. of live weight, followed by T2 with $ 14,556 and obtaining more profitability with T0 when obtaining a cost of $ 13,248. The productive behavior between treatments was similar, but the best profitability is obtained with the T0.

scholarly journals Development and root morphology of passion fruit in different substrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 514-520
Author(s):  
Karminne Dias do Valle ◽  
Laísse Danielle Pereira ◽  
Moab Acácio Barbosa ◽  
Vanessa Brenda Souza Chaves ◽  
Pedro Henrique Magalhães de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Initial Formation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Among the factors that contribute to better initial development of plants, it is the substrate used. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrate in initial formation and morphology of the roots of two species of passion fruits. The analyses were done in the nursery of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Regional Jataí, Brazil, with a light interception of 60%. The material used were seeds of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and the cultivar FB 200 (Flora Brasil), harvested in the UFG experimental field. They were sown in three types of substrates: Soil I (mixture of soil, chicken manure and sand in a ratio of 2:1:1 by volume), soil II (steep bank), and Bioplant®, using for plants perforated bags with a capacity of 1.5 L. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with six treatments, eight replications and four plants per plot. After 30 days of sowing, fresh matter of root, root dry matter and morphology were evaluated. The substrate affected the initial development of yellow passion fruit, obtaining the best results with Bioplant®, showing as promising for the development of all the evaluated characteristics.

scholarly journals Plot Size and Number of Replications for Evaluation of the Yield of Grains in Cultivars and Dates of Sowing of Rye

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Görgen Chaves ◽  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
Cláudia Marques de Bem ◽  
Cirineu Tolfo Bandeira ◽  
Daniela Lixinski Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Maximum Curvature ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Uniformity Trials ◽  
Variation Model

The objectives of this study were to determine the optimum plot size (Xo) and the number of replications to evaluate the grains yield of rye (Secale cereale L.) and investigate the variability of Xo between two cultivars and three sowing dates. Eighteen uniformity trials were conducted with rye. The Xo was determined by the method of maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation model. The number of repetitions was determined in scenarios formed by combinations of i treatments (i = 3, 4, ... 50) and d minimum differences between means of treatments to be detected as significant at 0.05 of probability, by Tukey test, expressed in percentage of the average of the experiment (d = 10, 12, ... 30%). There is variability in optimum plot size to evaluate the grains yield among the cultivars BRS Progresso and Temprano and among sowing dates in the rye crop. The optimum plot size to evaluate the grains yield of rye is 6.08 m2. Seven replicates are sufficient to evaluate the grains yield of rye in experiments with up to 50 treatments, and identify, as significant at 5% probability by Tukey test, differences among averages of treatments of 29.65% of the mean of the experiment in designs completely randomized and randomized block.

scholarly journals Substrates and Sowing Depths in the Production of Pansy Seedlings (Viola tricolor L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
B. B. Reis ◽  
D. B. Rodrigues ◽  
A. S. Almeida ◽  
H. L. Chagas ◽  
A. S. Suné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Viola Tricolor ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The success of seedling production for ornamental or any other crops depends on several factors, including the use of highquality seeds and the choice of suitable substrates. The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of different organic residues as substrates and sowing depths on the emergence and initial development of pansy seedlings. Two lots of pansy seeds were used. Seed lot quality was evaluated for water content determination, 1000-seeds weight, germination, first count of germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in sand. Post emergence was evaluated by the emergence speed index, shoot length, shoot dry matter and number of leaves. The experiment was performed under completely randomized design, with four replicates. Data were submitted to analysis of variance through the F-test and the means, compared to each other by the Tukey test, at 5% probability. The most indicated sowing depths for the development of pansy seedlings were 1.5 and 2 cm while the substrate which presented the best results was the Beifort® S10.

scholarly journals Plot size and number of replications for ryegrass experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Toebe ◽  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
Juliana Oliveira de Carvalho ◽  
Francieli de Lima Tartaglia ◽  
Alessandra Ferreira Cortes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Variation Coefficient ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Maximum Curvature ◽  
Uniformity Trials

ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to determine the optimal plot size and the number of replications to evaluate the fresh matter of ryegrass sown to haul. Twenty uniformity trials were conducted, each trial with 16 basic experimental units (BEU) of 0.5 m2. At 117, 118 and 119 days after sowing, the fresh matter of ryegrass in the BEUs of 5, 10 and 5 uniformity trials, respectively, were determined. The optimal plot size was determined by the maximum curvature method of the variation coefficient model. Next, the replications number was determined in scenarios formed by combinations of i treatments (i = 3, 4, ... 50) and d minimum differences between means of treatments to be detected as significant at 5% of probability by the Tukey test, expressed in experimental mean percentage (d = 10, 11, ... 20%). The optimal plot size to determine the fresh matter of ryegrass seeded at the haul is 2.19 m2, with a variation coefficient of 9.79%. To identify as significant at 5% probability, by the Tukey test, differences between treatment means of 20%, are required five, six, seven and eight replications, respectively, in ryegrass experiments with up to 5, 10, 20 and 50 treatments.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RUMPUT RAJA (Pennisetum purpupoides) DAN TEBON JAGUNG TERHADAP PERFORMANS SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE (PO) BETINA

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Heryanto . . ◽  
K Maaruf ◽  
S S Malalantang ◽  
M R Waani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Daily Gain

THE EFFECTS OF AFFERING KING GRASS (Pennisetum Purpupoides) AND CORN STOVER ON PERFORMANCE OF ONGOLE CROSSBREED COWS A research evaluating the effects of affering king grass (Pennisetum purpupoides) and corn stover as feed ingredients on performance of ongole crossbreed cows has been conducled. Two years old, of fifteen ongole crossbreed cows with ± 200 kg body weight were used in this experiment. Completely  Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 3 replications was used. The treatments were R1 = 100% king grass, R2 = 75% king grass + 25% corn stover, R3 = 50% king grass + 50% corn stover, R4 = 25% king grass + 75% corn stover and R5 = 100% corn stover. Variables measured were dry matter consumption (DMC), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion (FC). The average of DMC, ADG and FC were 4,64-5,97 kg/tail/day, 0,36-0,55 kg/tail/day and 10,89-13,44 respectively.  The results showed that there were significant effects (P<0,05) on DMC and ADG, however, there was no significant effect (P>0,05) on FC. Tukey test showed that DMC of cows fed R1 were significantly (P<0,05) lower compared to R5, however, there was no significant (P>0,05) difference among cows fed R3, R4 and R5. ADG of cows fed R1 was not significantly (P>0,05) different compared to R2, R3 and R4, while, cows fed R1 and R2 were Significantly (P<0,05) lower compared to R5. Based on the results on DMC, ADG and FC it can be concluded that to increase performance of crossbreed cows the portion of king grass can be affered up to 50%, on the other hand corn stover is more than 50% in the ration. Key words :     Kinggrass (Pennisetum purpupoides), corn stover, performance ongole crossbreed cows.

scholarly journals Plot size and number of replicates in times of sowing and cuts of millet

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Burin ◽  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
Bruna M. Alves ◽  
Marcos Toebe ◽  
Jéssica A. Kleinpaul
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Probability Level ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Uniformity Trials

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the optimum plot size (Xo) and number of replicates to evaluate millet shoot fresh matter in times of sowing and cuts. Uniformity trials of 6 × 4 m (24 m2) were carried out in three sowing times, in the agricultural year of 2013-2014. Each uniformity trial was divided into 24 basic experimental units (BEU) of 1 × 1 m (1 m2) and the shoot fresh matter of plants in each BEU was weighed. The Xo was determined by the method of maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation model. The number of replicates for experiments in completely randomized and randomized block design, in scenarios of combinations of i treatments (i = 3, 4, ..., 50) and d minimal differences between treatment means, to be detected as significant at 0.05 probability level by Tukey test, expressed in percentage of the experiment mean (d = 10, 12, ..., 30%), was determined by iterative process until convergence. The optimum plot size to evaluate millet shoot fresh matter is 4.97 m2, for the three times of sowing and cuts. For the evaluation of up to 50 treatments, in completely randomized and randomized block design, five replicates are sufficient to identify as significant, at 0.05 probability level by Tukey test, differences between treatment means of 28.66% of the mean of the experiment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document