Comparative Effectiveness of Behavioral Interventions to Prevent or Delay Dementia: One-Year Partner Outcomes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
P.A. Amofa ◽  
D.E.C. Locke ◽  
M. Chandler ◽  
J.E. Crook ◽  
C.T. Ball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Care Partners ◽  
Clinical Program ◽  
Wellness Education ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Background/Objective: Various behavioral interventions are recommended to combat the distress experienced by caregivers of those with cognitive decline, but their comparative effectiveness is poorly understood. Design/Setting: Caregivers in a comparative intervention study randomly had 1 of 5 possible interventions suppressed while receiving the other four. Caregivers in a full clinical program received all 5 intervention components. Care partner outcomes in the study group were compared to participants enrolled in a full clinical program. Participants: Two hundred and seventy-two dyads of persons with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (pwMCI) and care partners enrolled in the comparative intervention study. 265 dyads participated in the full clinical program. Intervention: Behavioral intervention components included: memory compensation training, computerized cognitive training, yoga, support group, and wellness education. Each was administered for 10 sessions over 2 weeks. Measurements: A longitudinal mixed-effect regression model was used to analyze the effects of the interventions on partner burden, quality of life (QoL), mood, anxiety, and self-efficacy at 12 months follow-up. Results: At 12 months, withholding wellness education or yoga had a significantly negative impact on partner anxiety compared to partners in the clinical program (ES=0.55 and 0.44, respectively). Although not statistically significant, withholding yoga had a negative impact on partner burden and mood compared to partners in the full clinical program (ES=0.32 and 0.36, respectively). Conclusion: Our results support the benefits of wellness education and yoga for improving partner’s burden, mood, and anxiety at one year. Our findings are the first to provide an exploration of the impact of multicomponent interventions in care partners of pwMCI.

Dissipation rates of some selected pesticides from the soil of tea agroecosystem in Assam, India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumnam Devashree ◽  
B. K. Dutta ◽  
S. B. Paul ◽  
Sudip Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Tea Plantations ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

An experiment was carried out in Rosekandy Tea Estate, Barak Valley, Assam to investigate the persistence of some selected pesticides (i.e Endosulfan, Fipronil, Paraquat and 2,4-D) on the soil. These pesticides were applied in the soil as per the application rate, where one year old tea plants were growing and the residue were analysed for a period of 50 days. Their degradation kinetics in soil was also studied and described. Soil samples were collected with the help of soil corer. The samples were brought to the laboratory, air dried in room temperature and extracted for analysis with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the pesticides 2,4-D was highly persistent with half life of 57.75 days followed by Endosulfan which lost 42.64% of its initial concentration by the last sampling period (i.e 50 days) after the spraying. Fipronil and paraquat lost 65% and 70.32% of initial residue in soil making them the least persistent amongst these pesticides in the studied soil. Considering the impact of pesticide residues on human health, the less persistent pesticides may be used in tea plantations to minimize the potential negative impact of pesticides in the environment. The cost benefit ratios of the use of the pesticides should be also worked out.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Credit Growth in Lebanon

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Awdeh
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Credit Growth ◽  
One Year ◽  
Loan Growth ◽  
The Impact

This study aims at defining the credit growth determinants in Lebanon by exploiting a panel data of 34 commercial banks over the period 2000-2015. The empirical results show that deposit growth, GDP growth, inflation, and money supply, all boost bank credit to the resident private sector. Conversely, credit risk, lending interest rate, T-bill rate, public borrowing, and remittance inflows decrease loan growth. We extend our analysis and detect the impact of one year lag of all exploited variables in order to find out if they have a delayed impact on credit growth, where we find several different results. For instance, lag LLP recorded the opposite effect of LLP; ROA does not affect credit growth, whereas its lag lowers credit growth; the impact of a change in money supply amplifies considerably after one year; and finally, the negative impact of remittances fades away after one year.  

scholarly journals Is Capitalization of Operating Lease Way to Increase of Comparability of Financial Statements Prepared in Accordance with IFRS and US GAAP?

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-514
Author(s):  
Hana Bohušová
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Common Effort ◽  
One Year ◽  
Lease Contracts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Us Gaap

The paper is concerned with an evaluation of possibilities of companies using operating lease and prepared financial statements under IFRS or US GAAP comparison. The data of non-financial companies listed on the Prague Stock Exchange and reporting information on operating lease in accordance with IAS 17 are used. The study presents the impact of operating lease capitalization on companies’ financial statements and financial analysis ratios. The results show a negative impact of operating lease capitalization on financial analysis ratios. The study was motivated by a common effort of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to develop the common standard for Lease reporting. In 2013, a joint exposure dra of standard (ED2013/6) Leases was published. Under the new standard, it is required to capitalize all lease agreements over one year. The distinction between operating leases and finance leases should not exist anymore. The study was carried out to demonstrate the potential impact resulting from the proposed adoption of the new accounting standard concerning mandatory capitalization of all lease contracts.

The Spiral Effect of Incarceration

2016 ◽  
pp. 138-150
Author(s):  
Ekunwe Ikponwosa ◽  
Stephen Egharevba
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prison Sentence ◽  
Remote Locations ◽  
The Family ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Latent Function

The discussions surrounding imprisonment in response to crime in society has traditionally been on deterrent. A latent function of incarceration is the impact that a prison sentence has on the family of prisoners. Not much attention has been given to the spiral effect on families during incarceration. For example, in the United States, with increasingly harsh sentences being served in prisons in remote locations, severe hardships fall upon inmates and their families. The present study explores the ways in which Finland has sought to reduce the negative impact of a prison sentence on both inmate and family members. The study is based on one year of participant observation in an “open prison” in Finland, and interviews and observations with inmates and their families (numbers of inmates and families observed). Two questions that guide this research are: 1) What problems arise due to the incarceration of a family member? 2) What strategies are employed to respond to these problems? For example, having served times in prison reduces ex-prisoners' marriages as marriages does prevent recidivism. In other words, wives often instilled discipline in their partners in such a way to avoiding deviant behaviour. The open prison in Finland does reduces ill-mannered treatment of inmate partners by prison staffs during visits, reduces expensive collect calls, and the long waiting times for visitations, etc.

scholarly journals Effect of Online Training during the COVID-19 Quarantine on the Aerobic Capacity of Youth Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6195
Author(s):  
Paweł Kalinowski ◽  
Jakub Myszkowski ◽  
Jakub Marynowicz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Endurance

Motor abilities, such as endurance and the optimal level of physical activity, play a fundamental role in football as they are necessary to maintain the high effectiveness of the training process. The aim of this study was the observation of the trend of changes in the level of cardiorespiratory endurance of young football players in a one-year cycle overlapping with the COVID-19 lockdown and an assessment of the impact of the training intervention during home confinement. The participants of the study were 24 young football players. We analysed the results of the study in a one-year training cycle (lockdown from 11 March 2020 to 6 May 2020). The cardiorespiratory endurance was measured using the Multistage 20 m Shuttle Run test—Beep Test. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used in the study. Detailed comparisons were made using Tukey’s HSD test. Statistically significant differences were noted in endurance in a one year cycle: F(5.115) = 22.65; p < 0.001; partial Eta-squared = 0.50. An increase in the level of endurance by mean = 179.17 m, SD ± 189.87 m was noted between T1 and T6. After the break caused by the COVID-19 restrictions, a decrease in the level of cardiorespiratory endurance was noted. Only after two training mesocycles was a significant increase in the mean value noted compared to the period before the pandemic (p < 0.05). With the negative impact of restrictions in mind, coaches and physiotherapists should exercise caution when planning training, taking into consideration the level of physical activity during the pandemic.

scholarly journals The Impact of War in Yemen on Immunization Coverage of Children Under One Year of Age: Descriptive Study

10.2196/14461 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e14461
Author(s):  
Amr Torbosh ◽  
Mohammed Abdulla Al Amad ◽  
Abdulwahed Al Serouri ◽  
Yousef Khader
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
One Year ◽  
Expanded Program On Immunization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Marked Drop

Background After 2 years of war that crippled the capacity of the Yemeni National Health System and left only 45% of health facilities functioning, Yemen faced increasing vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) outbreaks and may be at high risk of polio importation. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the 2015 war on the immunization coverage of children under 1 year. Methods Data on vaccination coverage for 2012-2015 were obtained from the national Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). The vaccination coverage was calculated at the national and governorate levels by dividing the number of actually vaccinated children by the estimated population of children under 1 year. Results Although there was an increase from 2012 to 2014 in the national coverage for penta-3 vaccine (82% in 2012 vs 88% in 2014) and measles vaccine (70% in 2012 vs 75% in 2014), the coverage was still below the national target (≥95%). Furthermore, the year 2015 witnessed a marked drop in the national coverage compared with 2014 for the measles vaccine (66% in 2015 vs 75% in 2014), but a slight drop in penta-3 vaccine coverage (84% in 2015 vs 88% in 2014). Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine also showed a marked drop from 73% in 2014 to 49% in 2015. These reductions were more marked in governorates that witnessed armed confrontations (eg, Taiz, Lahj, and Sa’dah governorates). On the other hand, governorates that did not witness armed confrontations showed an increase in coverage (eg, Raymah and Ibb), owing to an increase in their population because of displacement from less secure and confrontation-prone governorates. Conclusions This analysis demonstrated the marked negative impact of the 2015 war on immunization coverage, especially in the governorates that witnessed armed confrontations. This could put Yemen at more risk of VPD outbreaks and polio importation. Besides the ongoing efforts to stop the Yemeni war, strategies for more innovative vaccine delivery or provision and fulfilling the increasing demands are needed, especially in governorates with confrontations. Enhancing EPI performance through supportable investments in infrastructure that was destroyed by the war and providing decentralized funds are a prerequisite.

scholarly journals Impact on Chinese nurses roles after study abroad: An exploratory study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Huixin Wu ◽  
Kathleen Spadaro ◽  
Diane F. Hunker ◽  
Debra M. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Professional Role ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
Hospital Leadership ◽  
Post Entry ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Background and objective: Studying abroad to expand professional development is growing worldwide with nurses traveling to different countries to expand their knowledge and skills. The impact a study abroad experience has on one’s professional role and personal life upon return is an important area of study. Depending on the individual and the level of support from hospital leadership, academic institutions and family, the experience could have a positive or negative impact on their professional role and personal life when returning to their home country. The objective of this study was to understand how a one-year study abroad experience impacted 1) Chinese nurses’ clinical practice, 2) their professional role, and 3) their personal life 6 months after returning home.Methods: A 10-item 6-month post entry electronic survey using Likert scale (1 = very weak to 7 very strong) and open-ended questions was developed. 29 Chinese nurses were invited to complete the survey via email invitation. Quantitative analysis was conducted on the first 5 questions and content analysis was conducted on the remaining 5 questions.Results: A total of 16 participants (55%) completed the survey. For the first 5 questions, a change was noted from students’ responses at program completion. For the last 5 questions, detailed examples of obstacles and challenges faced in their professional role and personal life following their return were shared.Conclusions: Findings suggest that while studying abroad influences one’s professional role and practice initially, the influence may not be enduring as the originating culture may have a stronger impact. Hosting and visiting organizations need to prepare individuals who study abroad to transition home successfully to meet both the professional role and personal life challenges one may face.

scholarly journals Flavanone-rich citrus beverages counteract the transient decline in postprandial endothelial function in humans: a randomised, controlled, double-masked, cross-over intervention study

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (12) ◽  
pp. 1999-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Rendeiro ◽  
Honglin Dong ◽  
Caroline Saunders ◽  
Laura Harkness ◽  
Melvin Blaze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Plasma Nitrite ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSpecific flavonoid-rich foods/beverages are reported to exert positive effects on vascular function; however, data relating to effects in the postprandial state are limited. The present study investigated the postprandial, time-dependent (0–7 h) impact of citrus flavanone intake on vascular function. An acute, randomised, controlled, double-masked, cross-over intervention study was conducted by including middle-aged healthy men (30–65 years, n 28) to assess the impact of flavanone intake (orange juice: 128·9 mg; flavanone-rich orange juice: 272·1 mg; homogenised whole orange: 452·8 mg; isoenergetic control: 0 mg flavanones) on postprandial (double meal delivering a total of 81 g of fat) endothelial function. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery at 0, 2, 5 and 7 h. Plasma levels of naringenin/hesperetin metabolites (sulphates and glucuronides) and nitric oxide species were also measured. All flavanone interventions were effective at attenuating transient impairments in FMD induced by the double meal (7 h post intake; P<0·05), but no dose–response effects were observed. The effects on FMD coincided with the peak of naringenin/hesperetin metabolites in circulation (7 h) and sustained levels of plasma nitrite. In summary, citrus flavanones are effective at counteracting the negative impact of a sequential double meal on human vascular function, potentially through the actions of flavanone metabolites on nitric oxide.

Hearing Impairment

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 341-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGARET I. WALLHAGEN
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hearing Devices ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Generic Measures ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this chapter is to review the literature on hearing impairment, specifically the impact of hearing impairment on the functioning of elders, interventions that minimize the impact of hearing loss on functioning, and identification of issues raised by the review for nursing research. Computerized (MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and CINAHL) and manual searches were used to obtain research reports from a range of disciplines. Research articles including elders (≥ 60) and published between 1989 and 2001 were included. Twenty-five articles were selected for critical review, four written by nurses. The diversity of methodologies, the criteria used to define hearing impairment, the range of sample characteristics, and the assessment measures make comparisons across studies difficult. Most studies, however, support the negative impact of hearing impairment, especially on psychosocial functioning. Measures that are condition specific are generally more effective in capturing the impact of hearing loss than generic measures. Findings related to physical disability are less consistent. The results of intervention studies suggest that hearing devices can improve psychosocial and communication outcomes, but behavioral interventions have not shown long lasting benefit. For nurses to assist elders and their families manage the impact of hearing impairment, further research is needed in several areas that have been poorly explored. These include the dyadic experience of hearing impairment, the way in which culture influences the experience of hearing loss, the needs of hearing impaired individuals across settings, the long-term impact of ototoxic medications, and strategies to assist elders in coping with hearing impairment and utilizing available technologies.

scholarly journals Informal Supporters of Elder Abuse Victims: Who Are They and What Is Their Experience Seeking Help?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Fraga Dominguez ◽  
Jennifer E. Storey ◽  
Emily Glorney
Keyword(s):  
Help Seeking ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Formal Services ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study examined the characteristics and experiences of informal supporters of elder abuse victims, including family members, friends, and neighbors—referred to as concerned persons. The researchers utilized secondary data from a UK national elder abuse helpline to investigate the profile and help-seeking experiences (including the impact of helping) of concerned persons reporting abuse to the helpline. The researchers focused on one year of data (2017–2018), and 1623 records met inclusion criteria. Of these, 1352 were reported by a concerned person, and descriptive statistics are provided to describe this sample. The help-seeking experience was investigated using qualitative content analysis. Concerned persons were primarily female family members, often adult children of the victim and siblings of the perpetrator. They faced barriers to helping the victim, particularly in relation to formal services. Many also reported impact as a result of knowing about the abuse or helping the victim; particularly to their mental health and their relationship with the victim. Findings indicate that concerned persons often face substantial barriers and negative impact when they support elder abuse victims. There is a need to advance research on concerned persons and identify ways of effectively supporting them, given their essential role in facilitating elder abuse victims’ access to formal services.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document