scholarly journals Prevalence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Contributing to Causing of Functional Decline in Elderly Individuals in the Rural Population of Karad, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (33) ◽  
pp. 2697-2701
Author(s):  
Urwashi Kamal Kant Baurai ◽  
Malti Vijay Bhambure ◽  
Anandh Srinivasana
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

BACKGROUND Functional decline refers to increase in dependence towards activities of daily living and is common with increasing age, chronic diseases, and previous hospitalization. We wanted to determine the rate of intrinsic and extrinsic factors of functional decline in different age groups among elderly population and in relation to gender. METHODS The study population was composed of 64 individuals which were above the age group of 60 years, further subdivided into 3 groups: 60 - 70, 70 - 80 and 80 years and above. The validated questionnaire was provided through which the intrinsic and extrinsic factors were determined. RESULTS In all the studied subjects, extrinsic factors had a mean value of 31.24 % while intrinsic factors had a mean value of 28.12 % which indicates that extrinsic factors are more prevalent than intrinsic factors in all the age groups. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors were more prevalent in the female population than the male population with the prevalence rate of intrinsic factors as 34.37 % in males and 50 % in females and for the extrinsic factors prevalence rate of 39.06 % in males and 54.68 % in females. In age group of 60 – 70 yrs. we found that the prevalence of intrinsic factors was (23.43 %) and extrinsic was (26.56 %), for 70 - 80 intrinsic it was (29.68 %) extrinsic was (32.81 %) and for 80 and above prevalence intrinsic was (31.25 %) and extrinsic was (34.37 %). CONCLUSIONS The study showed that the extrinsic factors contributed more to the functional decline as compared to the intrinsic factors. These findings are important as the functional decline and increasing care needs are potentially modifiable. KEY WORDS Functional Decline, Intrinsic Factors, Extrinsic Factors, Disability

scholarly journals Investigating Intrinsic & Extrinsic factors of job motivation of Health Network Employees in Kuhdasht city in 2018

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Health Network ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Administrative Service ◽  
Job Motivation ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors ◽  
The Way

Introduction:In recent decades, job strategies are moving forward to motivate employees. Most organizations have tried to use these strategies to improve their efficiency and optimize their resources. For the success of an organization, prominent employees are very important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the internal and external factors of job motivation among employees of health network of Kuhdasht city. Materials and methods: The study was descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional.The statistical population consisted of the healthcare network staff. 309 employees were selected through systematic random sampling. To gather information, the Herzberg questionnaire was used which included the variables of the Intrinsic and extrinsic factors of job motivation.Demographic factors were investigated.Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20 and Pearson and Spearman correlation, independent t tests and one-way analysis of variance. Findings:The average score of the Intrinsic factors of the job motivation was 56.02 and the standard deviation was 9.4 and the mean score of the extrinsic factors of the job motivation was 80.4 with a standard deviation of 9.02.The average score of extrinsic factors was higher than the external ones. Among the Intrinsic factors, the average score of knowledge and appreciation was higher than the rest of the factors, and in the extrinsic factors the relationship between the factors of communicationand the way of supervision was higher than the rest.There was no significant relationship between age, marital status, place of service and type of place of service with Intrinsic and extrinsic factors score and total amount of job motivation. There was a meaningless relationship between the staff record with the Intrinsic factors and the level of education and the extrinsic factors. The average score of Intrinsic factors and the total amount of job motivation in female employees was significantly higher than that of male employees. The average score of Intrinsic factors among employees with different occupational categories was significantly different and in the staff of the health care and health services was significantly more than the administrative-service staffs. The score of the Intrinsic factors and the total amount of job motivation was related to the type of staff recruitment, and in the staff with the contractual employment was significantly less than other employees. Conclusion:Although attention to Intrinsic and extrinsic factors is important for job inductance,but attention to employees' relationships, the way of their supervision and appreciation of them have of great importance in creating job motivation. Key words:Intrinsic factor, extrinsic factors, job motivation, Employees, Health Network

scholarly journals The green autofluorescence intensity and asymmetry of older men is significantly higher than those of older women in their fingernails and certain regions of skin

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Tao ◽  
Mingchao Zhang ◽  
Danhong Wu ◽  
Yujia Li ◽  
Weihai Ying
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Health State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Left And Right

AbstractOur recent studies have suggested that the patients of multiple diseases have characteristic Pattern of Autofluorescence (AF) in their skin and fingernails, which may become novel biomarkers for both disease diagnosis and evaluation of health state. Since male populations may have higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation than female population, in our current study we tested our hypothesis that the green AF intensity of older men is higher than that of older women in their fingernails and skin. We found that in both left and right Index Fingernails, the green AF intensity of the men of both the age group of 61 - 70 years of old and the age group of 71 - 80 years of old is significantly higher than that of the women of the same age groups. At both left Dorsal Centremetacarpus and left Centremetacarpus, the green AF intensity of the men at the age between 71 - 80 years of old is also significantly higher than that of the women of the same age group. Moreover, in Index Fingernails, Dorsal Centremetacarpus and Centremetacarpus, the green AF asymmetry of the older men of certain age groups is significantly higher than that of the women of the same age groups. Collectively, our study has provided the first evidence indicating the gender difference between the green AF intensity and asymmetry of older men and those of older women in their fingernails and certain regions of skin, which is valuable for establishing the AF-based diagnostic method.

scholarly journals Age and Gender Specific Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Hungary: Trends from 2011 Through 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilla Tamási ◽  
Krisztián Horváth ◽  
Zoltán Kiss ◽  
Krisztina Bogos ◽  
Gyula Ostoros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

Objective: No assessment was conducted describing the age and gender specific epidemiology of lung cancer (LC) prior to 2018 in Hungary, thus the objective of this study was to appraise the detailed epidemiology of lung cancer (ICD-10 C34) in Hungary based on a retrospective analysis of the National Health Insurance Fund database.Methods: This longitudinal study included patients aged ≥20 years with LC diagnosis (ICD-10 C34) between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2016. Patients with different cancer-related codes 6 months before or 12 months after LC diagnosis or having any cancer treatment other than lung cancer protocols were excluded.Results: Lung cancer incidence and mortality increased with age, peaking in the 70–79 age group (375.0/100,000 person-years) among males, while at 60–69 age group for females (148.1/100,000 person-years). The male-to-female incidence rate ratio reached 2.46–3.01 (p < 0.0001) among the 70–79 age group. We found 2–11% decrease in male incidence rate at most age groups, while a significant 1–3% increase was observed in older females (>60) annually during the study period.Conclusion: This nationwide epidemiology study demonstrated that LC incidence and mortality in Hungary decreased in younger male and female population, however we found significant increase of incidence in older female population, similar to international trends. Incidence rates peaked in younger age-groups compared to Western countries, most likely due to higher smoking prevalence in these cohorts, while lower age LC incidence could be attributed to higher competing cardiovascular risk resulting in earlier mortality in smoking population.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Mexico: A Report on Age-Sex Variation in the Duration from Symptom Onset to Fatality as an Outcome in Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Sofía E. Aguiñaga-Malanco ◽  
◽  
Sudip Datta-Banik ◽  
Rudradeep Datta-Banik ◽  
Nina Mendez-Dominguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Death Cases

Objective To describe age-sex differences in the duration from symptom onset to fatality as an outcome in coronavirus desease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Methods The Mexican surveillance system database (up to 15th August 2020) of 70,515 death cases (45,053 males, 25,462 females) in COVID-19 was used for analysis. Age groups for pediatric patients were <1, 1-4, 5-9-years and for the adolescent and adult patients, each decade of life constituted an age group. Results Proportionally more deaths occurred among male patients (64%). Median duration was eight days from onset of symptoms until death; mean value was approximately 10-days. Distribution by age groups showed females survived lower number of average days after the onset of symptoms. A tendency of rise in the number of days survived has been observed from infancy to adulthood and a subsequent decline after 70-years of age. Conclusion Female patients survived relatively lower number of days with infection until death, compared to males.

scholarly journals Comparison of Trivandrum developmental screening charts against the standard Denver development screening test in children between 0-3 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2142
Author(s):  
Mithlesh Dewangan ◽  
Prateek Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developmental Screening ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sensitive Test ◽  
Specific Test

Background: To compare of DDST II and TDSC in the age group of 0-3 years and to assess developmental delay at various age groups using TDSC. Methods: 400 children were tested in their performance in the two tests since birth till 3 year of and their results were compared.Results: TDSC has sensitivity of 66.66% and specificity of 98.93% in screening for developmental delays. Positive predictive value for TDSC came out to be 100.00% and Negative predictive value for TDSC came out to be 97.20 %. Prevalence rate of developmental delay was 11.25%.Conclusions: Denver II test was concluded to be more sensitive test and TDSC as a more specific test.

Occurrence of Schistosoma hermatobium amongst L.E.A. Primary School Pupils in Giri village, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
B. Balarabe-Musa
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Education Authority ◽  
The Impact

The epidemiological studies and clinical features of Schistosoma hermatobium were carried out on 100 pupils of Local Education Authority (L.E.A) Primary School in Giri Village, Abuja. The result of this study showed a total prevalence rate of 33%. The prevalence of Schistosoma hermatobium in relation to gender showed that the male pupils 33.9% were more infected than the female pupils 31.8% But there was no significant relationship between prevalence and gender (p> 0.05). However, the prevalence rate in relation to age group showed that age group 14-16 had the highest rate of prevalence (43.5%). Statistical analysis also showed that there is positive correlation between prevalence and the various age groups (p<0.05). This study showed that Primary six pupils had the highest prevalence of Schistosoma hermatobium in relation to class of study. (37.7%). However, there was no positive relationship between prevalence and class of pupil (p>0.05). This study reveals that Schistosoma hermatobium parasite is a concern in Giri area, Abuja, FCT. Therefore, this study recommends that the government should create awareness on the impact of this disease and to enlighten the children through health education programs on the mode of transmission of this parasite and how to control Schistosomiasis.

scholarly journals Adolescent BMI: The Importance of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Molly Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Sexual Encounter ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Multinomial Logit Models ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Weight Classification

Objectives:Research shows that weight trends in adolescence persist into adulthood, but do the same factors contribute to weight in adolescence as in adulthood? Are extrinsic factors presumably more important than intrinsic characteristics? This study identifies the correlation between BMI and various intrinsic and extrinsic factors and evaluates their relative importance in BMI development. It compares the primary determinants for adolescents (12-20 years old) and adults (21+ years old).Methods:Using 15 years of panel data, generalized linear models, we assessed the impact of extrinsic-environmental, biological, geographic and household-and intrinsic-sexual activity, substance use, desire to lose weight,etc.-characteristics on adolescent and adult BMI. Multinomial logit models tested the contribution of these characteristics to weight categories.Results:Race and age were the most significant BMI correlates at all ages. This remains true for weight classification as well. For young adolescents, intrinsic factors are highly deterministic, while extrinsic factors play no role. As adolescents age into adults, intrinsic factors continue to be deterministic, while extrinsic covariates also emerge as deterministic. Intrinsic determinates of significance include age of first sexual encounter, tobacco experimentation, perspective on general health, and desire to lose weight (or stay the same weight).Conclusion:While biological/genetic attributes are the largest determinants of BMI at every age, intrinsic factors play a larger role in adolescent BMI development than adults. As individuals age, intrinsic determinants remain important, but extrinsic characteristics contribute significantly to weight classification. Thus, the weight determinants differ between adolescents and adults suggesting different methods of policy intervention be used for adolescents and adults.

scholarly journals Serodiagnostic Investigation of Syphilis in Taluka Gambat

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Sagheer Hussain Shah ◽  
Agha Asad Noor
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Serological Method ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Background: Syphilis is a chronic and sexually transmitted infection, caused by Treponema pallidum. Taluka Gambat is an under developing rural area of District Khairpur, Sindh having higher poverty rate. This study was undertaken to assess the morbidity rate of syphilis and awareness about this disease in the population of Gambat. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of syphilis in various age groups of male and female population of Taluka Gambat to review the frequency of occurrence of syphilis. Methodology: This work was done using conventional serological method by collecting data and laboratory diagnosis. Total 437 serum samples from different private and public health units, dispensaries and hospitals in Taluka Gambat were collected between October 2016 to March 2017 and subjected to qualitative testing by VDRL-Immune Chromatography test. Results: Out of 437 samples, 80 samples (18%) were reactive in adults of 30-45 years of age and one sample showed positive case in 9 months old boy indicating congenital syphilis (0.2%) whereas 373 stood non-reactive.  Our results showed a 14% prevalence of syphilis in Taluka Gambat in the age group between 30-45 years of age and 0.2% congenital syphilis. It is an alarming situation due to lack of diagnostic, treatment facilities and awareness about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Conclusion: It is concluded that syphilis is found more or less in all age groups. The highest incidence is observed in population of age group between 30-40 years in Taluka Gambat. Majority infections were found in immunocompromised patients owing to drug abuse and having multiple sex partners.

The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in central Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1432-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Millefiorini ◽  
Antonio Cortese ◽  
Simone Di Rezze ◽  
Giovanna Barletta ◽  
Paolo Bellantonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Lazio Region ◽  
High Risk Area

Background: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis varies considerably throughout the world. Objective: To better define the prevalence of MS in central Italy. Methods: This is a population-based study conducted in the province of Frosinone, which is situated in the Lazio region, central Italy. The selected prevalence day was 1 January 2007. A total of 467 patients, with a definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, were considered for crude, age- and sex-specific prevalence estimation. Results: The overall crude prevalence rate was 95.0 cases per 100,000 (95% confidence interval (CI) 86.6—104.0). A significantly higher prevalence rate was recorded in females (134.9, 95% CI 121.0—150.1) than in males (53.3, 95% CI 44.4—63.3) ( p = 0.001). Age-specific prevalence peaked in the 25—34 year, 35—44 year and 45—54 year age groups; moreover, it was found to increase up to the 35—44 year age group in males and the 45—54 year age group in females, decreasing thereafter. The female to male ratio was 2.6. Conclusions: The results confirm that MS occurs more frequently in central Italy than might be expected on the basis of the geographic-related distribution model, thus supporting the view that this is a high-risk area for the disease.

scholarly journals Changes in Hysterectomy Route and Adnexal Removal for Benign Disease in Australia 2001–2015: A National Population-Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie De Cure ◽  
Stephen J. Robson
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Younger Age

Objective. Hysterectomy rates have fallen over recent years and there remains debate whether salpingectomy should be performed to reduce the lifetime risk of ovarian cancer. We examined trends in adnexal removal and route of hysterectomy in Australia between 2001 and 2015. Methods. Data were obtained from the national procedural dataset for hysterectomy approach (vaginal, VH; abdominal, AH; and, laparoscopic, LH) and rates of adnexal removal, as well as endometrial ablation. The total female population in two age groups (“younger age group,” 35 to 54 years, and “older age group,” 55 to 74 years) was obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Results. The rate of hysterectomy fell in both younger (61.7 versus 45.2/10000/year, p<0.005) and older (38.8 versus 33.2/10000/year, p<0.005) age groups. In both age groups there were significant decreases in the incidence rates for VH (by 53% in the younger age group and 29% in the older age group) and AH (by 53% and 55%, respectively). The rates of LH increased by 153% in the younger age group and 307% in the older age group. Overall, the proportion of hysterectomies involving adnexal removal increased (31% versus 65% in the younger age group, p<0.005; 44% versus 58% in the older age group, p<0.005). The increase occurred almost entirely after 2011. Conclusion. Hysterectomy is becoming less common, and both vaginal and abdominal hysterectomy are being replaced by laparoscopic hysterectomy. Removal of the adnexae is now more common in younger women.

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