scholarly journals The Association of Antioxidant Status of Red Blood Cells in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and in Patients with Complications of Diabetes and Its Comparison with That of Healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 825-828
Author(s):  
Chethan Subramanya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Total Antioxidant

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes either by affecting insulin secretion or increasing insulin resistance. Oxidative stress is dealt by the body with the help of several antioxidant systems. The antioxidant levels in disorders causing oxidative stress such as diabetes mellitus are found to be low. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxide (GPx) levels are found to be depleted in diabetic groups when compared to control group comprising of healthy individuals. The activities of SOD and GPx are significantly low in diabetic patients. This study was conducted to determine the total antioxidant capacity and levels of antioxidants such as SOD and GPx in patients with type 2 diabetes and association between antioxidant levels and type 2 diabetics as well as type 2 diabetes with its associated complications. METHODS The study population comprised of 150 individuals, 50 subjects belonging to each subgroup of type 2 diabetics, and its associated complications and healthy subjects. The study was conducted in a tertiary care centre in Mangalore, Karnataka from September 2016 to December 2016. The antioxidant capacity of RBC, fasting blood levels of SOD and GPx were estimated by phospho molybdenum method. Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction method and Rotruck method were also used. RESULTS The total antioxidant capacity, SOD and GPx were lower among diabetics and diabetic patients with complications as compared to normal nondiabetic subjects. CONCLUSIONS There is no significant difference in oxidative stress between patients with and without chronic complications of diabetes. KEY WORDS Antioxidant Levels, Glutathione Peroxidase, Oxidative Stress, Superoxide Dismutase, Nitroblue tetrazolium Reduction

Interaction between Apo A-II -265T>C Polymorphism and Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity on Some Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Banafsheh Jafari Azad ◽  
Mehdi Yaseri ◽  
Elnaz Daneshzad ◽  
Fariba Koohdani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity

Abstract This work aims to examine the interaction between Apolipoprotein A2 (Apo A-II) −265T>C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present cross-sectional study included 180 patients (35-65 years) with identified Apo A-II genotype. Dietary intakes were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. DTAC was computed using the international databases. Interleukin-18(IL18), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and pentraxin (PTX3), serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and 8-isoprostaneF2α (PGF2α) markers were obtained according to standard protocols. General linear model was used to evaluate the interaction. The interaction of gene and DTAC (PFRAP=0.039 and PORAC=0.042) on PGF2α level was significant after adjusting for confounders. A significant interaction was observed on IL18 level (PORAC=0.018 and PFRAP=0.048) and SOD (PTEAC=0.037) in obese patients. Among patients whose DTAC was higher than the median intake, the levels of hs-CRP and PGF2α were significantly higher only in individuals with CC genotype. Serum TAC (PFRAP=0.030, PORAC=0.049) and SOD were significantly lower in the CC genotype. There was a favorable relationship between the high-DTAC and SOD (Obese: PTEAC=0.034, Non-obese: PFRAP=0.001, PTRAP<0.0001, PTEAC=0.003 and PORAC=0.001) and PGF2α (Non-obese: PORAC=0.024) in T-allele carriers. The rs5082 SNP interacts with DTAC to influence several cardio-metabolic risk factors. Also, we found dietary recommendations for antioxidant-rich foods intake might be useful in the prevention of diabetes complications in the T carrier more effectively than the CC genotype. Future large studies are required to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Role of Cumin in Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with respect to its Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Property

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4157-4161
Author(s):  
Anup S. Hendre ◽  
Ajit V. Sontakke ◽  
Rohan S. Phatak ◽  
Sangita R. Patil ◽  
Suvarna T. Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disturbances associated with carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and relative or absolute insulin depletion. Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) leads to the increased lipid and decreased total antioxidant capacity followed by development of chronic complications due to oxidative stress. Cumin is one of the medicinal herbs which are being studied for antioxidant, antibacterial and effects. purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cumin on status, oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in patients with T2DM. Two hundred patients with T2DM were selected in the randomized control trial, of which 100 subjects were enrolled as the study group was given 500 mg of cumin powder in capsule form daily along with their drug medication () for 3 months period while 100 subjects on medication of drug () were selected as the control group. Fasting plasma glucose, serum levels of lipid in the form of (MDA) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were measured at baseline and also after a period of 3 months intervention period. The result showed a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose level (FPGL), serum MDA and significant rise in serum TAC in study group by the end of 3 months of cumin supplementation period. Supplement action of cumin leads to improve , antioxidant and decrease oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes patients and could be useful in the management of T2DM.

Effect of turmeric on glycemic status, lipid profile, hs‐CRP, and total antioxidant capacity in hyperlipidemic type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Adab ◽  
Shahryar Eghtesadi ◽  
Mohammad‐Reza Vafa ◽  
Iraj Heydari ◽  
Asieh Shojaii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Hs Crp

scholarly journals Decreased Superoxide Dismutase Concentrations (SOD) in Plasma and CSF and Increased Circulating Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) Are Associated with Unfavorable Neurological Outcome after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Harald Krenzlin ◽  
Dominik Wesp ◽  
Jan Schmitt ◽  
Christina Frenz ◽  
Elena Kurz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Early Brain Injury ◽  
Fisher Grade ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality. Hypoxia-induced changes and hemoglobin accumulation within the subarachnoid space are thought to lead to oxidative stress, early brain injury, and delayed vasospasm. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant status and its impact on neurological outcome in patients with aneurysmal SAH. Methods: In this prospective observational study, 29 patients with aneurysmal SAH were included (mean age 54.7 ± 12.4). Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected on days (d) 1, 3, and 7. In addition, 29 patients without intracranial hemorrhage served as controls. The antioxidant system was analyzed by glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px; U/L) and total and free glutathione-sulfhydryl (GSH; mg/L) in the plasma. Superoxide dismutase (SOD, U/mL) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC, µmol/L) were measured in the serum and CSF. Clinical data were compiled on admission (Hunt and Hess grade, Fisher grade, and GCS). Neurological and cognitive outcome (modified Rankin scale (mRS), Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)) was assessed after 6 weeks (6 w) and 6 months (6 m). Results: Plasma levels of SOD increased from day 1 to 7 after SAH (d1: 1.22 ± 0.36 U/L; d3: 1.25 ± 0.33 U/L, p = 0.99; d7: 1.52 ± 0.4 U/L, p = 0.019) and were significantly higher compared to controls (1.11 ± 0.27 U/L) at day 7 (p < 0.001). Concordantly, CSF levels of SOD increased from day 1 to 7 after SAH (d1: 1.22 ± 0.41 U/L; d3: 1.77 ± 0.73 U/L, p = 0.10; d7: 2.37 ± 1.29 U/L, p < 0.0001) without becoming significantly different compared to controls (1.74 ± 0.8 U/L, p = 0.09). Mean plasma TAC at day 1 (d1: 77.87 ± 49.72 µmol/L) was not statistically different compared to controls (46.74 ± 32.42 µmol/L, p = 0.25). TAC remained unchanged from day 1 to 7 (d3: 92.64 ± 68.58 µmol/L, p = 0.86; d7: 74.07 ± 54.95 µmol/L, p = 0.8) in plasma. TAC in CSF steeply declined from day 1 to 7 in patients with SAH becoming significantly different from controls at days 3 and 7 (d3: 177.3 ± 108.7 µmol/L, p = 0.0046; d7: 85.35 ± 103.9 µmol/L, p < 0.0001). Decreased SOD levels in plasma and CSF are associated with a worse neurological outcome 6 weeks (mRS: CSF p = 0.0001; plasma p = 0.027/GOSE: CSF p = 0.001; plasma p = 0.001) and 6 months (mRS: CSF p = 0.001; plasma p = 0.09/GOSE: CSF p = 0.001; plasma p = 0.001) after SAH. Increased plasma TAC correlated with a worse neurological outcome 6 weeks (mRS: p = 0.001/GOSE p = 0.001) and 6 months (mRS p = 0.001/GOSE p = 0.001) after SAH. Conclusion: In our study, a reduction in the antioxidative enzyme SOD and elevated TAC were associated with a poorer neurological outcome reflected by mRS and GOSE at 6 weeks and 6 months after SAH. A lower initial SOD CSF concentration was associated with the late deterioration of cognitive ability. These findings support the mounting evidence of the role of oxidative stress in early brain injury formation and unfavorable outcome after SAH.

scholarly journals Role of nitrosative and oxidative stress in neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan S Al-Nimer ◽  
Fakhir S Al-Ani ◽  
Fatima S Ali
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxidized Lipoproteins

ABSTRACT Objectives : Evidences of oxidative and/or nitrosative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus were demonstrated in experimental and human studies. This study is aimed to assess the serum peroxynitrite and oxidized lipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with clinical and laboratory evidences of peripheral neuropathy. Materials and Methods : Eighty four patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (51 of them had neuropathy) and 31 apparent healthy subjects were studied in the unit of neurophysiology at the University Hospital of Medical College, Al-Nahrin University in Baghdad, Iraq. Neuropathy total symptom score (NTSS), neuropathy impairment score in the lower leg (NIS-LL), and nerve conduction velocity of sensory (ulnar and sural) and motor (ulnar and common peroneal) nerves were used to assess the neuropathy. Fasting venous blood was obtained from each participant for the determination of serum glucose and oxidized lipoproteins. Results: The electrophysiology study revealed significant decrease in conduction velocity of ulnar (sensory and motor components), sural, and common peroneal nerves in diabetic neuropathy compared to diabetics without neuropathy and healthy subjects. Significant high level of serum peroxynitrite was found in diabetic patients with or without neuropathy compared with non-diabetics. The changes in serum-oxidized lipoproteins in patients with diabetics with or without neuropathy were non-significantly differed from healthy subjects. Neither nitrosative stress nor oxidative stress indices correlated with the variables that are related to the neuropathy. Conclusion: It concludes that evidence of nitrosative and to less extent the oxidative stress is associated with neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their indices not correlated with variables related to neuropathy.

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