scholarly journals Poor Cognitive Flexibility in Eating Disorders: Examining the Evidence using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e28331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Tchanturia ◽  
Helen Davies ◽  
Marion Roberts ◽  
Amy Harrison ◽  
Michiko Nakazato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Card Sorting Task ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Task ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting

Further Studies of Nonverbal Learning and Aphasia

1963 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Tikofsky ◽  
Gale L. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Sorting Task ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Perseverative Error ◽  
Card Sorting Task ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Task ◽  
Nonverbal Learning ◽  
Solution Methods ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting ◽  
Order Of Presentation

This research study follows a previous paper on the performance of adult aphasics tested with a modified form of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task. It investigates the effects of varying the order of presentation of the three sorting concepts or problems on the overall task-learning rate, the percentage of error responses and the percentage of perseverative error. It is found that varying the order of the concepts does not effect the task difficulty, as measured by these indices. Statistical and interpretative analyses of the data also investigate the nature of performance improvement patterns. It is found that any significant improvement is due to the elimination of nonperseverative errors, while the proportion of perseverative responses remains fairly constant. The aphasics' inability to generalize problem solution methods and possible techniques for reducing perseveration, in addition to an evaluation of this task as an aphasia research instrument, are discussed.

Effects of prefrontal and anterior cingulate lesions in monkeys on a Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) analogue

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. S61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Buckley ◽  
Farshad A. Mansouri ◽  
Phillip G.F. Browning ◽  
Hassan Hoda ◽  
Sze C. Kwok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Card Sorting Task ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Task ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting

scholarly journals Aerobic Exercise with Superimposed Virtual Reality Improves Cognitive Flexibility and Selective Attention in Young Males

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8029
Author(s):  
Borja Sañudo ◽  
Ellie Abdi ◽  
Mario Bernardo-Filho ◽  
Redha Taiar
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Card Sorting Task ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Task ◽  
Before And After

The literature to date is limited regarding the implantation of VR in healthy young individuals with a focus on cognitive function. Thirty healthy males aged between 22.8 and 24.3 years volunteered to participate in the study randomly and were assigned to one of two groups with alike exercises: an experimental group (GE, n = 15) that performed an exercise protocol with a VR game and a controlled group that performed the exercise protocol without the VR (CON, n = 15). A 128-card computerized version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) and the Stroop test were completed before and after the exercise protocol. There was a significant interaction effect between time and condition for WCST preservation errors (F1,30 = 4.59, p = 0.041, η2p = 0.141) and a significant time effect for all WCST and Stroop outcomes in GE. Results of preliminary findings suggest that the use of a VR platform offers effective benefits with respect to cognitive flexibility and selective attention. In addition, participants can achieve additional benefits in cognitive flexibility by engaging in a traditional exercise protocol of a similar volume.

scholarly journals Neuronal responses support a role for orbitofrontal cortex in cognitive set reconfiguration

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna J. Sleezer ◽  
Giuliana Loconte ◽  
Meghan D. Castagno ◽  
Benjamin Y. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Cognitive Set ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Card Sorting Task ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Task ◽  
Recorded Activity ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting

ABSTRACTWe are often faced with the need to abandon no-longer beneficial rules and adopt new ones. This process, known as cognitive set reconfiguration, is a hallmark of executive control. Although cognitive functions like reconfiguration are most often associated with dorsal prefrontal structures, recent evidence suggests that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) may play an important role as well. We recorded activity of OFC neurons while rhesus macaques performed a version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task that involved a trial-and-error stage. OFC neurons demonstrated two types of switch-related activity, an early (switch-away) signal and a late (switch-to) signal, when the new task set was established. We also found a pattern ofmatch modulation: a significant change in activity for the stimulus that matched the current rule (and would therefore be selected). These results extend our understanding of the executive functions of the OFC. They also allow us to directly compare OFC with complementary datasets we previously collected in ventral (VS) and dorsal (DS) striatum. Although both effects are observed in all three areas, the timing of responses aligns OFC more closely with DS than with VS.

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