scholarly journals Probing higher order correlations of the photon field with photon number resolving avalanche photodiodes

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 13268 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Dynes ◽  
Z. L. Yuan ◽  
A. W. Sharpe ◽  
O. Thomas ◽  
A. J. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Avalanche Photodiodes ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Photon Field

scholarly journals Efficient photon number detection with silicon avalanche photodiodes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Thomas ◽  
Zhiliang L. Yuan ◽  
James F. Dynes ◽  
Andrew W. Sharpe ◽  
Andrew J. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Avalanche Photodiodes ◽  
Photon Number

nTH-ORDER AMPLITUDE SQUEEZING EFFECTS OF RADIATION IN MULTIPHOTON PROCESSES

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 2265-2281 ◽  
Author(s):  
DILIP KUMAR GIRI ◽  
P. S. GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Field ◽  
Quantum Effect ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
Photon Process

Squeezing of the electromagnetic field is a purely quantum mechanical phenomenon and this quantum effect is expected to manifest itself in optical processes in which the nonlinear response of the system to the radiation field plays an important role. It has generated a great deal of interest in view of the possibility of reducing the noise of an optical signal below the vacuum limit i.e. zero-point oscillations. In this paper the concept of nth-order amplitude squeezing is introduced in the fundamental mode in four- and six-wave mixing processes as a generalization of the higher-order squeezing under short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. It established the coupled Heisenberg equations of motion involving real and imaginary parts of the quadrature operators. The condition for occurrence of nth-order squeezing is obtained from which higher-order squeezing upto n=3 are studied. Dependence of squeezing on photon number is also established. The conditions for obtaining maximum and minimum squeezing are obtained. The method of present investigation can be applied to any higher-order non-linear optical processes and the technique can also be extended for studying squeezing in any N-photon process in general. Further, nth-order squeezing of radiation in N-photon process can also be investigated. The results obtained may help in selecting a suitable process to generate optimum squeezing in the radiation field.

nTH-ORDER SQUEEZING OF THE FIELD AMPLITUDE IN RAMAN PROCESS AS A GENERALIZATION OF THE HIGHER-ORDER SQUEEZING

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1943-1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
DILIP KUMAR GIRI ◽  
P. S. GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Photon Number ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Field Amplitude ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Heisenberg Equation ◽  
Raman Process ◽  
Mechanical Approach ◽  
Quantum Mechanical Approach ◽  
Short Time

The concept of nth-order amplitude squeezing is introduced in the fundamental mode in Raman process as a generalization of the higher-order squeezing under short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. The condition for occurrence of nth-order squeezing is obtained from which higher-order squeezing up to n = 5 are studied. The coupled Heisenberg equation of motion involving real and imaginary parts of the quadrature operators is established. Dependence of squeezing on photon number is also established.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CAVITY-FIELD STATISTICS ON ATOMIC ENTANGLEMENT IN THE JAYNES–CUMMINGS MODEL

2007 ◽  
Vol 05 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIPLAB GHOSH ◽  
A. S. MAJUMDAR ◽  
N. NAYAK
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Field ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Cavity Field ◽  
Photon Field ◽  
Entanglement Of Formation ◽  
Fock State ◽  
Atomic Entanglement ◽  
Joint State

We study the entanglement properties of a pair of two-level atoms going through a cavity one after another. The initial joint state of two successive atoms that enter the cavity is unentangled. Interactions mediated by the cavity photon field result in the final two-atom state being of a mixed entangled type. We consider the field statistics of the Fock state field, and the thermal field, respectively, inside the cavity. The entanglement of formation of the joint two-atom state is calculated for both these cases as a function of the Rabi angle gt. We present a comparitive study of two-atom entanglement for low and high mean photon number cases corresponding to the different fields statistics.

scholarly journals Efficient photon number detection with silicon avalanche photodiodes

2010 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 031102 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Thomas ◽  
Z. L. Yuan ◽  
J. F. Dynes ◽  
A. W. Sharpe ◽  
A. J. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Avalanche Photodiodes ◽  
Photon Number

scholarly journals Linearity improvement of high-speed avalanche photodiodes using thin depleted absorber operating with higher order modulation format

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (21) ◽  
pp. 27715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nada ◽  
Takuya Hoshi ◽  
Hiroshi Yamazaki ◽  
Toshikazu Hashimoto ◽  
Hideaki Matsuzaki
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Avalanche Photodiodes ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
Linearity Improvement

scholarly journals Higher-Order Amplitude Squeezing in Six-Wave Mixing Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Rani ◽  
Jawahar Lal ◽  
Nafa Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Mode ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Field Amplitude ◽  
Fourth Power ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio

We investigate theoretically the generation of squeezed states in spontaneous and stimulated six-wave mixing process quantum mechanically. It has been found that squeezing occurs in field amplitude, amplitude-squared, amplitude-cubed, and fourth power of field amplitude of fundamental mode in the process. It is found to be dependent on coupling parameter “g” (characteristics of higher-order susceptibility tensor) and phase values of the field amplitude under short-time approximation. Six-wave mixing is a process which involves absorption of three pump photons and emission of two probe photons of the same frequency and a signal photon of different frequency. It is shown that squeezing is greater in a stimulated interaction than the corresponding squeezing in spontaneous process. The degree of squeezing depends upon the photon number in first and higher orders of field amplitude. We study the statistical behaviour of quantum field in the fundamental mode and found it to be sub-Poissonian in nature. The signal-to-noise ratio has been studied in different orders. It is found that signal-to-noise ratio is higher in lower orders. This study when supplemented with experimental observations offers possibility of improving performance of many optical devices and optical communication networks.

scholarly journals Photon-number-resolving segmented detectors based on single-photon avalanche-photodiodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 3660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajveer Nehra ◽  
Chun-Hung Chang ◽  
Qianhuan Yu ◽  
Andreas Beling ◽  
Olivier Pfister
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Avalanche Photodiodes ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Segmented Detectors ◽  
Single Photon Avalanche Photodiodes
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