Opto-coherent-electronics in graphene: photocurrent direction switching based on illumination wavelength

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbub Alam ◽  
Paul L. Voss
Keyword(s):  
Illumination Wavelength ◽  
Direction Switching

Development of Light Projection Unit and Direction Switching Device for Solar Concentrating Canine Guidance Suit

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (0) ◽  
pp. 2P1-M04
Author(s):  
Ryoichiro TAMURA ◽  
Kazunori OHNO ◽  
Shotaro KOJIMA ◽  
Sandeep Kumar NAYAK ◽  
Kotaro Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Switching Device ◽  
Canine Guidance ◽  
Direction Switching

scholarly journals HONO and NO<sub>2</sub> evolution from irradiated nitrate-doped ice and frozen nitrate solutions

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 10713-10731 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bartels-Rausch ◽  
D. J. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Wavelength Dependence ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Strong Temperature Dependence ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Illumination Wavelength ◽  
Monolayer Coverage ◽  
Nitrate Solutions

Abstract. Nitrate photolysis in the wavelength range 250–1200 nm was studied on ice in a controlled laboratory experiment. Monolayer coverage of nitrate was achieved by dosing well-known amounts of HNO3 from the gas phase onto a frozen water surface. Fluxes of HONO and NO2 into the gas phase with time were quantified at temperatures between 193 K and 258 K and as a function of illumination wavelength in the range: 250–345 nm. Whereas HONO release showed a strong temperature dependence at colder temperatures, attributed to reversible adsorption processes, NO2 fluxes were independent of temperature. The observed fluxes of HONO and NO2 at high temperature were not affected by diffusion or adsorption processes, and could be used to estimate a quantum yield for HONO formation of (3.8±0.6)×10−4. A different wavelength dependence for HONO and NO2 fluxes indicates that additional reactions besides nitrate photolysis and subsequent release of the products contribute to the emission of nitrogen oxides.

Characterizing persistence and pause dynamical behaviors in biological systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150133
Author(s):  
Nicholas Mwilu Mutothya ◽  
Yong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Nonlinear Function ◽  
Switching Rate ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Mean Squared Displacement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Short Times ◽  
Direction Switching

This paper analyzed motion that randomly switches between the persistent motion runs and pause periods. A two-state continuous-time Markov chain is used to model the motion, which led to a system with coupled differential equations. Using a combined Fourier–Laplace transform, an analytical expression for calculating the mean-squared displacement is derived. The overall motion is investigated and identified from the obtained mean-squared displacement. The mean-squared displacement is a nonlinear function in time that is dependent on the phase transition rate, the direction switching rate, the average speed, and the initial state. It decays and grows with increasing the direction switching and average speed, respectively. The effective diffusivity descents exponentially in short times and remains constant in long times. The waiting time in each phase decayed exponentially. The probability density function for the position of a particle at a given time tends to be Gaussian in long times. The motion can be interpreted as a super-diffusion in short times and a standard diffusion in long times with a diffusion coefficient dependent on the phase transition rates, the direction switching rate and the average speed. Persistence influences the dynamical behavior for short times while for long times diffusive behavior is exhibited.

Quantum efficiency of the photo-induced electronic transfer in dye–TiO2 complexes

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (41) ◽  
pp. 26280-26287
Author(s):  
Dalma M. Marquez ◽  
Cristián G. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Electronic Transfer ◽  
Illumination Wavelength

The quantum efficiency of charge transfer in a dye–titania complex is calculated as a function of illumination wavelength.

De-icing of fuel/oil heat exchange systems via fuel flow direction switching device

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Chanhee Moon ◽  
Hyunduk Seo ◽  
Man Yeong Ha ◽  
Sang Youl Yoon ◽  
Kyung Chun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Switching Device ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Direction Switching

scholarly journals Bioinspired DNA Origami Quasi-Yagi Helical Antenna with Beam Direction and Beamwidth Switching Capability

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Imran Hussain Shah ◽  
Sungjoon Lim
Keyword(s):  
Dna Origami ◽  
Main Beam ◽  
Helical Chain ◽  
Beam Direction ◽  
Fixed Frequency ◽  
Helical Antenna ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Antenna Beam ◽  
Dna Molecule ◽  
Direction Switching

Abstract We propose a bioinspired origami quasi-Yagi helical antenna with beam direction and beamwidth switching capability based on transformable DNA origami structure. Each DNA molecule consists of a double helical chain, and its length can be transformed by folding and unfolding. When three transformable origami DNA structures are applied to the quasi-Yagi helical antenna, beam direction and beamwidth can be controlled by folding and unfolding the origami DNA. The transformable DNA structures act as driven, director and reflector elements. The proposed DNA origami antenna provides four beam direction switching states (three states with narrow beamwidth and one state with wide beamwidth) at fixed frequency of 1.9 GHz. For example, the main beam direction of the proposed antenna can be steered to −30°, 0°, +30° and −40° for states 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. State 4 provides a 3-dB wider beamwidth of 104°, whereas the beamwidth of other states is narrower than 64°. The proposed concept is numerically and experimentally demonstrated.

scholarly journals Towards shifted position-diffuse reflectance imaging of anatomically correctly scaled human microvasculature

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Späth ◽  
Martin Hohmann ◽  
Clemens Roider ◽  
Benjamin Lengenfelder ◽  
Florian Stelzle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Reference Image ◽  
Core Diameter ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Evaluation Algorithm ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Illumination Wavelength ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Imaging ◽  
Reflectance Data

Abstract Due to significant advantages, the trend in the field of medical technology is moving towards minimally or even non-invasive examination methods. In this respect, optical methods offer inherent benefits, as does diffuse reflectance imaging (DRI). The present study attempts to prove the suitability of DRI—when implemented alongside a suitable setup and data evaluation algorithm—to derive information from anatomically correctly scaled human capillaries (diameter: $$10\,\upmu \hbox {m}$$ 10 μ m , length: $$45\,\upmu \hbox {m}$$ 45 μ m ) by conducting extensive Monte–Carlo simulations and by verifying the findings through laboratory experiments. As a result, the method of shifted position-diffuse reflectance imaging (SP-DRI) is established by which average signal modulations of up to 5% could be generated with an illumination wavelength of $$\lambda =424\,\hbox {nm}$$ λ = 424 nm and a core diameter of the illumination fiber of $$50\,\upmu \hbox {m}$$ 50 μ m . No reference image is needed for this technique. The present study reveals that the diffuse reflectance data in combination with the SP-DRI normalization are suitable to localize human capillaries within turbid media.

scholarly journals Cytomat-R: a computer-controlled multiple laser source multiparameter flow cytophotometer system.

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 836-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
H M Shapiro ◽  
E R Schildkraut ◽  
R Curbelo ◽  
R B Turner ◽  
R H Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Chamber ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Laser Wave ◽  
Laser Sources ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Illumination Wavelength ◽  
Classification Procedures

A multiple illumination wavelength multiparameter flow cytophotometer system, using laser sources and controlled by a small, general-purpose digital computer, has been produced for use in the development of new flow cytometric techniques. Three different laser wave-lengths can be used simultaneously to illuminate different regions of the flow chamber; as many as five measurements of light scattering at various angles, extinction, and fluorescence at one or more wavelengths can be made at each illuminated station. Cells in suspension may be examined at rates of 1000 cells/sec, with seven correlated optical measurements being recorded for each cell. A library of programs for data manipulation and statistical analysis make it possible to use the system to develop and implement cell characterization, counting and classification procedures for basic and clinical research applications.

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