Some Perspectives on the Migration of Skilled Professionals from Ghana

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Boakye Asiedu
Keyword(s):  
Migration Policy ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Transnational Movements ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Educational Professionals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Advanced Industrial Economies

Abstract:In the last four decades, transnational movements of both skilled and unskilled labor from developing countries to the advanced industrial economies have witnessed an unprecedented growth. Motivated largely by deteriorating livelihood conditions in the developing world and increasing demand for wealthy and highly skilled professionals in the developed economies, these movements have attracted a great deal of research attention and inspired public policy debates on their implications and results. Like other countries, Ghana has had a long history of movement of her nationals to various parts of the world for various reasons. However, in terms of the goal of enhancing the benefits of such emigration for Ghana, there appears to be a policy void. This article contributes to filling this gap. It discusses the merits and problems associated with the transnational movements of Ghanaian health and educational professionals and proposes ways to enhance the benefits. It also suggests pathways for aiding future migration policy formulation in Ghana.

History of Post-Soviet Migrations in Russian Science of the 21st Century

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11 (109)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Efim Pivovar
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The paper is devoted to the latest Russian historiography of migration processes in the post-Soviet space. The author considers the most important research projects of academic institutions and universities of Russia in the field of history and modern dynamics of post-Soviet migrations, covers key trends and results of the development of migration issues in the framework of various areas of Russian science. The author comes to the conclusion about the need for further in-depth development of the recent history and modern trends in the migration policy of the CIS countries, the role of migration in the dialogue of cultures and civilizations in the post-Soviet space, including within the framework of international cooperation of Eurasian scientists.

scholarly journals Migrant Domestic Workers as ‘Agents’ of Development in Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-247
Author(s):  
Sohoon Lee ◽  
Nicola Piper
Keyword(s):  
Migration Policy ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Temporary Migration ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Temporary Contract ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
Permanent Migration ◽  
Source Countries ◽  
The Impact

Temporary contract migration represents the predominant form of legal migration policy in Asia. With its rationale of the filling of jobs and provision of income-generating opportunities, it is linked to the migration–development nexus debate. This paper focuses on the impact of migrants’ agency as development actors within a transnational sphere. The mainstream migration–development nexus debate and policy prescriptions imagine diaspora groups as the ideal conduit for grassroots-driven development initiatives. While ‘diaspora group-led’ initiatives assume long-term, if not permanent, migration, temporary migration creates a dynamic that is fundamentally distinct. Temporality of migration, as mandated by bilateral agreements and promoted by global institutions in Asia, shapes migrant agency and migrants’ development aspirations in essentially different ways, but temporary contract migrants are nevertheless constructed as the ‘agents of development’ at the macro level of politics and policies, while receiving limited research attention. This paper analyses temporality, migrant agency and the migration–development nexus debate in relation to female domestic workers who epitomise the feminisation of migration and constitute the largest number of newly hired migrants in many key source countries in Southeast Asia. This introduces a gender dimension to our discussion of temporary migration in its link to migrants’ developmental agency.

Coal-Mining in the Seventeenth Century

1925 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 79-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asta Moller
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Individual Consumer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Forest Lands

The history of coal-mining in the seventeenth century covers what may be termed the first chapter in the great story of English coal. In less than a century a seemingly insignificant and experimental industry developed into one of considerable importance. Coal had been used locally before this period; but an industry, as such, did not arise till a decline in the country's supply of wood stimulated new activities. It is possible that the introduction of coal might have been indefinitely postponed, had not years of ruthless felling of timber and neglect of forest lands, coincident with an increasing demand for wood for other than domestic purposes, caused a shortage of fuel. To the Elizabethan the decay of woods had an even wider significance. The demands of the Navy, the extension of the Empire and the discovery of new countries all laid a claim on timber. Its preservation became a matter of national concern. That the individual consumer should have possessed this degree of circumspection, and acted accordingly, was hardly to be expected; but the national needs were brought home to him through an increase in the price of wood. The use of coal became a matter of necessity rather than of choice.

FORMATION OF THE GENRE OF THE STORY IN THE CHERKESS LITERATURE: IDELOGICAL GUIDES AND THEMATIC REFERENCES

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 219-288
Author(s):  
M.A. KHAKUASHEVA ◽  
◽  
L.B. KHAVZHOKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
The One ◽  
Artistic Analysis

The article examines some of the issues of the formation and evolution of the genre of the story in Circassian literature. The relevance of the study is due, on the one hand, to the insufficient development of the stated topic, on the other hand, to the need to identify trends in the development of national prose, starting from the problems of its genesis. In the center of research attention is the ideological and thematic orientation of the Circassian story mainly of the initial stage of evolution, i.e. Soviet era. In particular, the author examines the stories of S. Temirov, I. Amirokov, M. Adamokov, H. Gashokov and others, who laid the foundations of the genre in Circassian literature. During the indicated period, the Circassian tale was the first attempt to comprehend the problems of collective farms, youth brigades, the Soviet attitude to work, the range of urgent problems of young people, their aspirations, the formation of the criteria of Soviet morality. It also reflects various aspects of the Great Patriotic War, mainly as a war for independence. The research uses the method of artistic analysis. The results obtained can be used in compiling special courses on Adyghe (Kabardino-Circassian) prose, writing the history of the literature of the peoples of the North Caucasus.

Demystifying Constructivism

2011 ◽  
pp. 493-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Adams
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Constructivist Learning ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Constructivist Pedagogy ◽  
Seven Principles ◽  
Educational Professionals ◽  
History Of

This chapter introduces constructivism as a pedagogical construct from which educational professionals might begin to analyse new technology exploiting learning-teaching interactions. Following a brief history of constructivism as both epistemology and pedagogy it presents an overview of published literature through an analysis of the characteristics of constructivist learning and learning environments and the characteristics of constructivist teachers. Finally, seven principles by which teachers might begin to analyse practice are proposed and discussed via the deconstruction of three fictional, new technology exploiting, learning-teaching vignettes. In this way it is hoped that educators in a variety of contexts will be able to engage in reflection concerning the theory and practice of constructivist pedagogy as related to personally held professional positions.

Corporate Governance: What Are the Issues?

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-42
Author(s):  
Helmut K. Anheier ◽  
Christoph M. Abels
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Shareholder Primacy ◽  
Board Diversity ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Corporate Governance Codes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Corporate Social

Traditionally, corporate governance is about agency problems caused by the division of ownership and control. This chapter moves beyond this understanding. Starting with a theoretical overview, the chapter reviews different approaches to corporate governance and discusses shareholder primacy in light of the increasing demand for corporate social responsibility. Afterwards, a brief history of the development of corporate governance codes is given, followed by the role of corporate governance during the global financial crisis. Different corporate governance mechanisms, such as independent directors, board composition, and member diversity, as well as executive remuneration are subsequently discussed. Problems specific to corporate governance of technology companies are also highlighted, as well as the lessons Germany’s co-determination law can teach for the understanding of board diversity. The chapter concludes with a brief reflection on shareholder primacy, a diversifying corporate world, and the future of corporate governance codes.

scholarly journals Co-Morbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea (COMISA): Prevalence, Consequences, Methodological Considerations, and Recent Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Sweetman ◽  
Leon Lack ◽  
Célyne Bastien
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Co-morbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA) is a highly prevalent and debilitating disorder, which results in additive impairments to patients’ sleep, daytime functioning, and quality of life, and complex diagnostic and treatment decisions for clinicians. Although the presence of COMISA was first recognized by Christian Guilleminault and colleagues in 1973, it received very little research attention for almost three decades, until the publication of two articles in 1999 and 2001 which collectively reported a 30%–50% co-morbid prevalence rate, and re-ignited research interest in the field. Since 1999, there has been an exponential increase in research documenting the high prevalence, common characteristics, treatment complexities, and bi-directional relationships of COMISA. Recent trials indicate that co-morbid insomnia symptoms may be treated with cognitive and behavioral therapy for insomnia, to increase acceptance and use of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Hence, the treatment of COMISA appears to require nuanced diagnostic considerations, and multi-faceted treatment approaches provided by multi-disciplinary teams of psychologists and physicians. In this narrative review, we present a brief overview of the history of COMISA research, describe the importance of measuring and managing insomnia symptoms in the presence of sleep apnea, discuss important methodological and diagnostic considerations for COMISA, and review several recent randomized controlled trials investigating the combination of CBTi and CPAP therapy. We aim to provide clinicians with pragmatic suggestions and tools to identify, and manage this prevalent COMISA disorder in clinical settings, and discuss future avenues of research to progress the field.

A Brief History of Investment Banking from Medieval Times to the Present

2016 ◽  
pp. 132-162
Author(s):  
Caroline Fohlin
Keyword(s):  
Investment Banking ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Derivative Securities ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Investment Bankers ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost All

Investment banking taken generally to mean the financing of long-term capital needs, came into being with the merchants of medieval trade routes. In almost all developed economies of the world, even those developing late in the nineteenth century, investment bankers emerged from merchant banking roots. The provision of investment banking services has come from a variety of institutions over time and across countries. Products and services have evolved to include complex, often derivative, securities; and the legal regulation of investment banking has often changed abruptly, particularly in the last 100 years. Thus, even well-known investment banking names that have endured over the centuries bear little resemblance to their ancestors.

“If I Can’t Have You Nobody Will”: Explicit Threats in the Context of Coercive Control

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
TK Logan
Keyword(s):  
Partner Abuse ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Coercive Control ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Protective Orders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trajectory Features ◽  
Harm To Others

Physical assault is only one tool in partner abuse characterized by coercive control. Coercive control creates an ongoing state of fear and chronic stress. Explicit threats are an important component of coercive control yet have received limited research attention. This study examined 210 women with protective orders (POs) against abusive (ex)partners and their experiences of explicit threats including threats of harm and death, threats about harming friends and family, and actual threats to friends and family. There are 4 main findings from this study: (a) explicit threats of harm and death, threats about harming others, and actual threats to others are common both in the history of the abusive relationship as well as within 6 months prior to obtaining a PO but are only moderately correlated with each other; (b) the high-frequency threats of harm group had the highest rates of concurrent abuse, violence, distress, and fear; (c) the prevalence and frequency of threats changed over time for all 3 types of threats examined in this study; and (d) understanding the variety of threats partner abuse victims experience, especially threats of third-party harm, may be important in understanding the larger context and consequences of partner abuse. This study is an interim step toward a better understanding of the role of explicit threats in abusive relationships. Future research is needed to examine the prevalence, frequency, trajectory, features, context, and types of explicit threats that victims of partner abuse experience. This information may be especially key to understanding more about future risk of harm, risk of harm to others, victim distress and fear, and safety planning.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of the Huanglongbing Bacterium in Pummelo from Multiple Locations in Guangdong, P. R. China

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Deng ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
Z. Feng ◽  
Z. Shan ◽  
H. Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Citrus Greening Disease ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus

Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease, ex. citrus greening disease), caused by Candidatus Liberibacter spp., is highly destructive to citrus production in Asia, Africa, and South America. Although primarily affecting sweet orange and mandarin, HLB has long been observed in pummelo in Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China; however, the disease in pummelo has received little research attention. Accordingly, it remains unclear how closely related the strains of Ca. Liberibacter in pummelo are to those in other citrus species. In this study, the loci of 16S rDNA, rplAJ (β-operon of ribosomal protein), and an outer membrane protein (omp) gene were analyzed and characterized among strains of Ca. Liberibacter in pummelo samples from six different locations in Guangdong. Sequence comparisons indicated that ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’, but not ‘Ca. Liberibacter africanus’ or ‘Ca. Liberibacter americanus’, was exclusively associated with HLB symptoms in pummelo. The pummelo strains of ‘Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus’ from Guangdong were highly homogeneous. Analyses of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the omp locus showed that the Guangdong pummelo strains grouped with ‘Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus’ strains from Thailand, Nepal, and an unspecified location in China but differed from the Philippine and China-Behai strains. Based on the sequence homogeneity at the omp locus, the history of pummelo culture and the means by which HLB is known to be spread, we believe that, likely, the pummelo strain of ‘Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus’ recently was spread to pummelo in the study areas from infected sweet orange or mandarin trees by insect vectors or by propagation of pummelo infected elsewhere.

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