scholarly journals Zur linguistischen Sinnsuche in- und ausserhalb von schriftsprachlichen Korpora. Eine Replik auf Wolfgang Teuberts Beitrag

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Berthele
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Metalinguistic Awareness ◽  
The World ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Concept Of Word ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In this reply to Wolfgang Teubert's contribution, some of the central tenets of his position are questioned. The primacy of literacy for linguistic investigations as advocated by Teubert is challenged, since the most important function of language is oral communication, and most of the world's languages exist exclusively in oral use. Counter-evidence to Teubert's claim according to which oral languages do not develop metalinguistic awareness (as e.g. the concept of "word") is given. The author scrutinizes the value added by Teubert's programmatic suggestion of "hermeneutic corpus linguistics" to the linguistic disciplines, since the sole focus on "discourse objects" unnecessarily narrows down the scope of linguistic investigation. Moreover, it seems to lead to backgrounding and neglect of what linguistics is all about: the comprehensive study of the structures, meaning potentials and usage patterns of the languages and varieties of the world, and the study of their usage-based emergence and evolution.

Mission Theology Revisited: Keeping up with the Crises

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Frazier
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Systematic Theology ◽  
Mission Theology ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Mission Agencies ◽  
The World ◽  
Theology Of Mission ◽  
General Chapter ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Maryknoll, the Catholic Foreign Mission Society of America, holds its General Chapter, or assembly, every six years. This is a gathering of leaders and delegates, representing Maryknoll Missioners from around the world, to reflect on the affairs and concerns of the society. The General Chapter provides a prime occasion for reflecting on missional principles and reassessing priorities. In preparation for the most recent chapter, held in late 1984, Father William B. Frazier, M.M., Professor of Systematic Theology at Maryknoll School of Theology, Maryknoll, New York, prepared a painstaking and comprehensive study entitled “Mission Theology Revisited.” Although this was prepared as an “in-house” document to help fellow Maryknollers clarify their thinking about fundamental issues Maryknoll has been confronting in recent years, the society and Father Frazier have kindly agreed to share the study with the readers of the International Bulletin. Two decades ago Frazier captured the attention of missiologists when, in the aftermath of Vatican Council II, he published “Guidelines for a New Theology of Mission” (Worldmission 18, No. 4, Winter 1967–68; reprinted in Gerald H. Anderson and Thomas F. Stransky, eds., Mission Trends No. 1 [1974]). In the current study, he analyzes the tension—and the implications far mission theory and practice—between those missioners who retain a more or less traditional focus on the evangelization of persons and those who wish to emphasize the “evangelization” of societal institutions and systemic structures. Although lengthy and at times occupied with developments particular to Maryknoll, Frazier's study, we believe, makes a major contribution toward explicating the current missiological debate and ferment. Few, if any, of today's mission agencies—Protestant or Catholic—can hope to remain aloof from the dynamics of the issues he discusses. Testimony to the seriousness of the situation and the debate is found in the reflections of three mission leaders invited by the editors to respond to Father Frazier's study. Their responses appear following Frazier's article below.

STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NAMES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF DISHES IN GERMAN RESTAURANT DISCOURSE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-119
Author(s):  
Nadezhda G. KANTYSHEVA ◽  
Inna V. Solovyova
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Institutional Discourse ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Complex Words ◽  
First Time ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the structural and semantic features of dish names and their descriptions in German in the field of restaurant discourse. The study employs cognitive discourse analysis, elements of comparative and contextological approaches, taking into account linguocultural parameters. The relevance of the comprehensive study of the names of dishes in restaurant discourse is due to an increased interest in the parameterization of lexical units in different types of institutional discourse. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the fact that for the first time, within the framework of a restaurant menu, not only the nomination of a dish is considered, but also the structural and semantic characteristics of its description are analysed. An attempt is made to analyse a connection between the nominations of dishes and their description in the restaurant menu, as well as to determine the semantic dominants of the genre under study. It is concluded that the text of the menu as a whole presents a combination of the language for special purposes and the language of advertising. In interaction with extralinguistic factors, the nominations of dishes and their descriptions not only document the culture of food in society, but also reflect the ethnocultural picture of the world. Based on the analysis of the menu texts, it is established that structurally the names of dishes are complex words or phrases, built mainly according to the attributive model. The description of dishes performs the function of verbalizing the sensations of taste and clarifying the method of preparing dishes, characterizing the quality of dishes, their ingredients, and the intensity of taste. Evaluative parameters in descriptions are expressed at the lexical, grammatical, syntactic and stylistic levels.

Personality traits, adjectives and gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-50
Author(s):  
Heiko Motschenbacher ◽  
Eka Roivainen
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
American English ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Google Books ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The Relationship

There have been linguistic studies on the gendering mechanisms of adjectives and psychological studies on the relationship between personality traits and gender, but the two fields have never entered into a dialogue on these issues. This article seeks to address this gap by presenting an interdisciplinary study that explores the gendering mechanisms associated with personality traits and personality trait-denoting adjectives. The findings of earlier work in this area and basic gendering mechanisms relevant to adjectives and personality traits are outlined. This is followed by a linguistic and a psychological analysis of the usage patterns of a set of personality trait adjectives. The linguistic section draws on corpus linguistics to explore the distribution of these adjectives with female, male and gender-neutral personal nouns in the Corpus of Contemporary American English. The psychological analysis relates the usage frequencies of personality trait adjectives with the nouns man, woman and person in the Google Books corpus to desirability ratings of the adjectives.

Assessment of the positions of the exporting countries of agri-food products on the world market according to their role in global value chains

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
World Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
The World

The place in the rankings of agricultural exporting countries in world trade is estimated in terms of the volume of imports and exports of raw materials and food. However, to assess the efficiency of agricultural exports, it is important to analyze the value added of exported goods produced in the country. The position of the exporting country in global value chains is derived from the type of agricultural production, which in turn depends on the level of development of the national economy, the availability and breadth of use of modern high technologies. The article examines the concept of the development of world agriculture from the point of view of the formation of global value chains, set out in the report of the UN World Food Organization [1] in comparison with the political decisions of such countries as India and the People’s Republic of China in the development of agricultural and food exports. The paper analyzes the risks associated with the consolidation of developing countries as suppliers of agricultural raw materials, as well as the conditions and action plan that allow the country-exporter of agricultural raw materials to move to higher levels in the global value chains on the world market. This experience should be considered to make comprehensive and effective decisions on the formation of the export policy of agricultural products and food of the Russian Federation, considering the food security of the country.

El lenguaje como institución. Una aproximación de su función evolutiva, económica y política desde una perspectiva austriaca

2021 ◽  
pp. 305-340
Author(s):  
Nicolás Daniel Fernández Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Spontaneous Order ◽  
De Re ◽  
Linguistic Rights ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Linguistic Problem

In this paper, we try to give a different perspective to the one that has been studied and offered in linguistics until now. Language starts as the main form of oral communication that is transmitted from generation to generation. Language is in constant evolution. One of the greatest evolutions in the linguistic field has been precisely writing. It represented perfectly the union of graphic ideas and concepts with the beginning of the religious beliefs. We also try to analyze which are the causes and consequences of interventionism in something as personal and private as language. We will try to demonstrate how socialism, even in linguistics, distorts the correct evolution of lan guage, remembering the Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights (1996) whose consequence is the strengthening of various nationalisms around the world. Finally, conclusions and solutions will be given to a very specific linguistic problem: Spain. Key words: Socialism, planification, spontaneous order, evolution, linguistics, language, pidgin, nationalism, economy, institution. JEL Classification: A1 (General Economics) → A12 (Relation of Economics to other Disciplines). Resumen: Este artículo pretende abordar una perspectiva diferente a la que se viene estudiando y ofreciendo en lingüística, pues el lenguaje comienza a forjarse como forma de comunicación oral que se transmite de generación en generación y que no deja de evolucionar. Está en constante evolución. Una de las mayores evoluciones en el campo de la lingüística fue precisamente la escritura que representaba a la perfección la unión de ideas o conceptos de forma gráfica y el comienzo de las creencias religiosas. En este mismo artículo analizamos cuáles son las causas de una interven - ción desde los poderes públicos en algo tan personal e intransferible como el len guaje, así como sus posibles consecuencias. Intentaremos, pues, demos - trar cómo el socialismo en materia lingüística (o su imposibilidad) distorsiona la correcta evolución del lenguaje, comenzando por la Declaración de De - re chos Lingüísticos del año 1996 que no ha hecho sino fortalecer un gran nú mero de nacionalismos a lo largo y ancho del globo terráqueo. Finalmente, intentaremos humildemente extraer conclusiones y poner posibles soluciones en un ejemplo muy concreto: España. Palabras clave: Socialismo, planificación, órden espontáneo, evolución, lingüística, lenguaje, pidgin, nacionalismo, economía, institución. Clasificación JEL: Dentro de A1 (General Economics), el apartado A12 (Rela tion of Economics to other Disciplines).

scholarly journals Administration Of E-Invoicing Value Added Tax(Comparative Study between Indonesia and Australia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Riki Tenardi ◽  
Titi Muswati Putranti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Australian State ◽  
The World ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Depth Interviews

Technological changes in tax administration especially VAT have also changed the way tax authorities around the world implement e-invoice tax, one of which is Australia. The Ministry of Finance of the Directorate General of Tax (DGT) Indonesia responded to this in 2013 by creating a VAT administrative technology system called the Electronic Tax Invoice (e-Faktur). This study aims to determine the administration of Indonesian e-Faktur by looking at the Australian e-invoice as a benchmark and to find out the problems of e-Faktur in Indonesia after implementation. This research method is a qualitative method with techniques in the form of literature studies and in-depth interviews with informants. The results of this study are that the e-Faktur of the system in Indonesia is different from the understanding of the existing e-invoicing in the literature and the Australian state. Australian e-invoicing system neglects sending data in the form of digital data (PDF) and sending via email. E-Faktur was found to still have problems after its application such as access which was always problematic because of the network, the insecurity of VAT data, and the costs that still arise due to the application e-Faktur such as the still printing of documents and inefficiency. The conclusion from this study is that there are still fundamental differences between the administration of Indonesian and Australian e-invoice.

scholarly journals Representasi semboyan Edukasi KI Hajar Dewantoro Dalam Kajian Semantik (Pendekatan Behavioral)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Agus Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Communication ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Written Text ◽  
The World

Abstract: As a verbal communication instrument, language is a system with arbitrer. People realize that language activity actually is an activity to exspress language symbols to inform the meaning of the symbols to another people (in oral communication) or to the reader (in a letter communication). This thing can be seen from some of these proof, teacher in educational world already forgot about what was Ki Hajar Dewantara said, in that motto, teacher not only have to teach about educational in the class, but also to build the characteristic of their students. This observation use documentation methods in written text or language in the motto of Ki Hajar Dewantara, because Ki Hajar Dewantara wrote a message in that motto about education in the world, including in our environment to send a message about what was he did. The motto that written by Ki Hajar Dewantara use many interesting words. This thing make the writer use behavioral approachment to be a reference to make a meaning of the educational motto from Ki Hajar Dewantara.Keywords: representation, motto, education, meaning.Abstrak: Sebagai alat komunikasi verbal bahasa merupakan suatu sistem lambang bunyi yang bersifat arbitrer. Orang menyadari bahwa kegiatan berbahasa sesungguhnya adalah kegiatan mengekspresikan lambang – lambang bahasa untuk menyampaikan makna- makna yang ada pada lambang tersebut,kepada lawan bicaranya (dalam komunikasi lisan) atau pembaca ( dalam komunikasi tulis). Hal ini dapat dilihat dari bukti berikut, pendidik dalam dunia pendidikan suda mulai lupa dengan semboyan Ki Hajar Dewantara, dalam semboyan tersebut pendidik tugas dan tanggungjawabnya selain mengajar juga harus membentuk karakteristik peserta didiknya,memberikan contoh dalam bersikap.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dokumentasi dalam penggunaan bahasa tulis yang dituangkan di semboyan Ki Hajar Dewantara sangatlah menarik, karena Ki Hajar Dewantara menuliskan pesan terhadap dunia pendidikan, baik dilingkungan sekitar maupun dilingkungan luar untuk menyampaikan pesan terhadap apa yang dialaminya. Tulisan Ki Hajar Dewantara tersebut mengandung makna atau arti, apa yang dituliskan Ki Hajar Dewantara banyak menggunakan istilah- istilah yang unik, yang sulit dinalar oleh manusia lainnya. Hal ini menyebabkan penulis menggunakan pendekatan behavioral manjadi acuan untuk memaknai istilah yang ada di semboyan pendidikan Ki Hajar Dewantara.Kata kunci: representasi, semboyan, edukasi, makna. 

scholarly journals An Insight Into the Value Added Tax System Detailing Its Origins, Impact, Provisions and Regulations With Reference to India

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Tomy Kallarackal
Keyword(s):  
European Economic Community ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Credit ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Insight Into

The Value Added Tax was first introduced in France in 1954. It was the resultant effort of France and members of the European Economic Community (E.E.C) during the 1950s aimed at the simplification of commodity taxes. Currently more than 130 nations in the world have adopted the VAT system. In the last decade alone over 50 nations have introduced VAT. This includes implementation in China and most recently the addition of Australia to the list of VAT nations. The world over, VAT is payable on both goods and services as they constitute a part of the national GDR Excise duty and sales taxes are merged into the singularity of VAT. No tax is levied on exports with full input tax credit made available. The scheme of taxation adopted by most nations is very simple. The seller of goods and the service provider charge tax on sales, avail input tax credit and pay the difference as VAT to the goVernment treasury. The compliance system in VAT nations is also very simple. There is very less interface between the tax collector and the tax payer. However there are provisions for heavy penalization of VAT defaulters. VAT is administered nationally and is also levied on imports.  

scholarly journals Creation of added value in the context of measurement complexity of the digital economy

E-Management ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Ya. V. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Indicators

In the last decade unprecedented technological changes have taken place, resulting in the emergence of a fundamentally new economic model. Based on the widespread spread of smartphones, the world has become more “connected”. The digitalization of demand and supply contributed to the creation of entirely new digital markets managed by platform enterprises based on an open business model, that enabled external consumers and producers to connect and interact with each other. A more interconnected world generates vast amounts of data, allowing platform companies to invest in machine learning and artificial intelligence and ultimately improve their efficiency. Finally, a steady digitalization of business processes, markets and global value chains is observed. In these circumstances, approaches to value addition are fundamentally changing in the context of new dimensions of the digital economy, the analysis of which was the purpose of our study. It has been identified, that in the absence of a standardized international methodology for measuring the digital economy, the latter is so far possible on disparate development-left and national statistics. Initiatives taken at the international level to overcome national differential approaches are still insufficient, as there is a lack of statistics and variables related to digital data. It has been revealed, that the lack of quality statistics on key indicators of the digital economy makes it difficult to assess the value added in the world economy scale and international comparisons. Much of the challenges of measuring value added in the digital economy, as shown in the article, are related to the principle of “scale without mass,” the intangible nature of capital, the intense growth of large-scale cross-border data flows, and the emergence of new sources of value creation.

scholarly journals Transport support for the processes of globalization in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 11008
Author(s):  
Viktor Podsorin ◽  
Elena Ovsiannikova
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Transport Complex ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transport Potential

Research background: Despite the sanctions pressure, consequences of the pandemic coronavirus infection COVID-19 and other non-economic factors, the study of the impact of globalization processes on the country’s economy comes to the fore today, as Russia is one of the key elements of the world economic system in these difficult conditions. The dynamics of world commodity markets influence the internal economic processes of the country. The authors conclude that the processes of globalization through the influence of the world commodity markets have a significant impact on the capabilities of Russia’s transport complex and require the development of its transport potential on the principles of economic growth. Purpose of the article: Determination of the impact of globalization processes on the renewal of the transport potential of Russia on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the economic situation. Methods: To conduct the study, we used statistical reporting. Along with traditional research methods (analysis, synthesis, classification), additive models were used to form an index of transport market conditions, which allowed us to identify statistically significant determinants that allow us to determine the main directions of development of Russia’s transport potential in the context of increasing globalization processes. Findings & Value added: The results show that the most significant trends in the development of Russia’s transport potential are determined by globalization processes and require their consideration when developing measures to upgrade and modernize the country’s transport infrastructure. The developed conceptual model for assessing the impact of world commodity markets in the context of globalization of economic processes on the development of the country’s transport system contributes to the development of tools to increase the transportation of both transit and export-import cargo.

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