Airflow Perturbation Device for Measuring Airways Resistance of Animals

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 0503-0506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur T. Johnson ◽  
Chin-Shing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Airways Resistance ◽  
Airflow Perturbation Device

Airflow Perturbation Device for Measuring Airways Resistance of Humans and Animals

1984 ◽  
Vol BME-31 (9) ◽  
pp. 622-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur T. Johnson ◽  
Chin-Shing Lin ◽  
John N. Hochheimer
Keyword(s):  
Airways Resistance ◽  
Airflow Perturbation Device

Airway Resistance during Esophageal Phonation

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Weinberg ◽  
Yoshiyuki Horii ◽  
Eric Blom ◽  
Mark Singer
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Voice Restoration ◽  
Esophageal Speech ◽  
Airways Resistance ◽  
Restoration Method

Prosthesis airway resistance calculations were completed for five Blom-Singer prostheses and esophageal source airway resistance estimated were made of five laryngectomized patients using the Singer-Blom voice restoration method. Airway resistance of the Blom-Singer prostheses ranged from 46 to 121 cmH 2 O/LPS, while source airways resistance in these subjects ranged from about 155 to 270 cmH 2 O/LPS. These results revealed that the opposition of the voicing sources used in esophageal speech production to airflow through them is substantial and larger than that established for the normal, laryngeal source. Findings are interpreted to highlight major advantages the Singer-Blom (1980) method of speech/voice restoration has over esophageal speech/voice produced on a conventional basis and to reveal specific reasons for the failure of may laryngectomized patients to develop consistent voice and functionally serviceable speech.

scholarly journals Methacholine causes reflex bronchoconstriction

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Wagner ◽  
David B. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Bilateral Vagotomy ◽  
Airways Resistance ◽  
Lower Airways

To determine whether methacholine causes vagally mediated reflex constriction of airway smooth muscle, we administered methacholine to sheep either via the bronchial artery or as an aerosol via tracheostomy into the lower airways. We then measured the contraction of an isolated, in situ segment of trachealis smooth muscle and determined the effect of vagotomy on the trachealis response. Administering methacholine to the subcarinal airways via the bronchial artery (0.5–10.0 μg/ml) caused dose-dependent bronchoconstriction and contraction of the tracheal segment. At the highest methacholine concentration delivered, trachealis smooth muscle tension increased an average of 186% over baseline. Aerosolized methacholine (5–7 breaths of 100 mg/ml) increased trachealis tension by 58% and airways resistance by 183%. As the bronchial circulation in the sheep does not supply the trachea, we postulated that the trachealis contraction was caused by a reflex response to methacholine in the lower airways. Bilateral vagotomy essentially eliminated the trachealis response and the airways resistance change after lower airways challenge (either via the bronchial artery or via aerosol) with methacholine. We conclude that 1) methacholine causes a substantial reflex contraction of airway smooth muscle and 2) the assumption may not be valid that a response to methacholine in humans or experimental animals represents solely the direct effect on smooth muscle.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exercise on Respiratory Resistance in Athletes With and Without Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally J. K. Gallena ◽  
Nancy Pearl Solomon ◽  
Arthur T. Johnson ◽  
Jafar Vossoughi ◽  
Wei Tian
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Respiratory Resistance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Airflow Perturbation Device ◽  
Vocal Fold Motion ◽  
Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion

Purpose An investigational, portable instrument was used to assess inspiratory (R i ) and expiratory (R e ) resistances during resting tidal breathing (RTB), postexercise breathing (PEB), and recovery breathing (RB) in athletes with and without paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder (PVFMD). Method Prospective, controlled, repeated measures within-subject and between-groups design. Twenty-four teenage female athletes, 12 with and 12 without PVFMD, breathed into the Airflow Perturbation Device for baseline measures of respiratory resistance and for two successive 1-min trials after treadmill running for up to 12 min. Exercise duration and dyspnea ratings were collected and compared across groups. Results Athletes with PVFMD had lower than control R i and R e values during RTB that significantly increased at PEB and decreased during RB. Control athletes' R e decreased significantly from RTB to PEB but not from PEB to RB, whereas R i did not change from RTB to PEB but decreased from PEB to RB. Athletes without PVFMD ran longer, providing lower dyspnea ratings. Conclusion Immediately following exercise, athletes with PVFMD experienced increased respiratory resistance that affected their exercise performance. The difference in resting respiratory resistances between groups is intriguing and could point to anatomical differences or neural adaptation in teenagers with PVFMD. The Airflow Perturbation Device appears to be a clinically feasible tool that can provide insight into PVFMD and objective data for tracking treatment progress.

scholarly journals Poor standardisation of plethysmographic specific airways resistance measurement despite widespread use

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1811-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Robinson ◽  
Janet Stocks ◽  
Francois Marchal ◽  
Kim G. Nielsen ◽  
Bruce R. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Measurement ◽  
Airways Resistance

scholarly journals Comparative nasal effects of bradykinin and histamine: influence on nasal airways resistance and plasma protein exudation.

Thorax ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Rajakulasingam ◽  
R Polosa ◽  
L C Lau ◽  
M K Church ◽  
S T Holgate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Airways Resistance

Do mucolytics help in chronic bronchitis and asthma?

1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 29-31 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Airways Resistance

Mucolytic drugs reduce the viscosity and elasticity of mucus. In prescribing a mucolytic the clinician hopes to facilitate sputum expectoration and to unblock airways that are plugged with mucus, thus reducing airways resistance, improving ventilation and perhaps helping to prevent infection. We here consider whether mucolytics help patients with chronic bronchitis and asthma who remain symptomatic after conventional treatment.

Diminishing airways resistance and work of breathing by a novel design of the paediatric endotracheal tube

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. S589 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Stankiewicz ◽  
M. Darowski ◽  
J. Glapinski ◽  
M. Rawicz ◽  
M. Michnikowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Work Of Breathing ◽  
Airways Resistance ◽  
Novel Design
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