Impacts of Fertilizer Additions on Water Quality of a Drained Pine Plantation in North Carolina. A Worst Case Scenario.

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bray J Beltran ◽  
Devendra M Amatya ◽  
Martin Jones ◽  
R. Wayne Skaggs ◽  
Timothy J Callahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Worst Case Scenario

Impacts of Fertilization on Water Quality of a Drained Pine Plantation: A Worst Case Scenario

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bray J. Beltran ◽  
Devendra M. Amatya ◽  
Mohamed Youssef ◽  
Martin Jones ◽  
Timothy J. Callahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Worst Case Scenario

Assessment of sustainable water management for rapidly developing urban regions in Guangzhou City, China

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Eastcott ◽  
T. Aramaki ◽  
K. Hanaki ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
J. You
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Sustainable Water Management ◽  
Guangzhou City ◽  
Worst Case Scenario

The Shawan River will be the focal point in the development of the Panyu District, the southern-most district of Guangzhou City in the Guangdong Province of South China. In this research, through the use of two scenarios, the future water quality of the Shawan River was predicted with relation to changes in the water quantity utilized to fuel industrial and domestic development. The worst-case scenario used, simulated the situation if no wastewater treatment was employed, and the best-case scenario simulated the situation if 90% of the pollution load was removed. The period of simulation was for the years 2020 and 2050. Three flowrates were used in the evaluation, those of: the 90% probability of the month of lowest flow (37.2 m3/s); and the range of flowrates within the low flow period, that is, the dry season from November to February (307 and 432 m3/s). Subsequently, two countermeasures (industrial and domestic water savings) - sustainable initiatives - were nested within the two scenarios to ascertain improvements in water quality as a direct result of reduction in water quantity used. The industrial water saving countermeasure showed the greatest improvement in water quality. For the 90% probability of lowest flow for the worst-case scenario, this countermeasure equated to a 63% decrease in BOD. For the low flow period flowrates the background concentration of pollutants was more influential than improvements imparted by the countermeasures to the future predicted water quality. It was recommended that industrial countermeasures be used that take into account water saving, water recycling, the use of brackish water for cooling, and the implementation of economic pricing initiatives. Also that inter-district governmental policy initiatives be introduced to prevent upstream pollution from influencing downstream proposals, further enhancing sustainable water management of the Shawan River.

Reducing Probabilistic Weather Forecasts to the Worst Case Scenario: Anchoring Effects

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Savelli ◽  
Susan Joslyn ◽  
Limor Nadav-Greenberg ◽  
Queena Chen
Keyword(s):  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Worst Case Scenario ◽  
Anchoring Effects

scholarly journals A Comparison of Match Demands Using Ball-in-Play versus Whole Match Data in Professional Soccer Players of the English Championship

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Dylan Mernagh ◽  
Anthony Weldon ◽  
Josh Wass ◽  
John Phillips ◽  
Nimai Parmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Worst Case Scenario ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Peak Match ◽  
Playing Time

This is the first study to report the whole match, ball-in-play (BiP), ball-out-of-play (BoP), and Max BiP (worst case scenario phases of play) demands of professional soccer players competing in the English Championship. Effective playing time per soccer game is typically <60 min. When the ball is out of play, players spend time repositioning themselves, which is likely less physically demanding. Consequently, reporting whole match demands may under-report the physical requirements of soccer players. Twenty professional soccer players, categorized by position (defenders, midfielders, and forwards), participated in this study. A repeated measures design was used to collect Global Positioning System (GPS) data over eight professional soccer matches in the English Championship. Data were divided into whole match and BiP data, and BiP data were further sub-divided into different time points (30–60 s, 60–90 s, and >90 s), providing peak match demands. Whole match demands recorded were compared to BiP and Max BiP, with BiP data excluding all match stoppages, providing a more precise analysis of match demands. Whole match metrics were significantly lower than BiP metrics (p < 0.05), and Max BiP for 30–60 s was significantly higher than periods between 60–90 s and >90 s. No significant differences were found between positions. BiP analysis allows for a more accurate representation of the game and physical demands imposed on professional soccer players. Through having a clearer understanding of maximum game demands in professional soccer, practitioners can design more specific training methods to better prepare players for worst case scenario passages of play.

Legal adaptability in Elbonia

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias M. Siems
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Worst Case Scenario ◽  
The Law

Law has to be able to respond to new or changing circumstances. This ‘legal adaptability’ may be more important than details in the ‘law as such’. However, its meaning and its significance have not yet been analysed in detail. Thus, legal adaptability will be examined in this article. It looks at the worst case scenario by discussing a fictional country (Elbonia) where legal adaptability is poor, and identifies the main adaptability criteria. By using empirical data from the three Baltic States (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia), it also provides an example of how to ascertain the degree of legal adaptability of particular countries.

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