scholarly journals Effects of Pesticides on Adult Ladybird Beetle Serangium japonicum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Potential Predator of the Tea Spiny Whitefly Aleurocanthus camelliae (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihito Ozawa ◽  
Toru Uchiyama
Keyword(s):  
Potential Predator ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Serangium Japonicum ◽  
Aleurocanthus Camelliae

scholarly journals De novo transcriptome sequencing of Serangium japonicum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and application of two assembled unigenes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Hui Hu ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Lin Wei ◽  
Hao Tao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
De Novo Transcriptome ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Important Predator ◽  
Serangium Japonicum ◽  
Molecular Barcode ◽  
Paired End Sequencing

AbstractThe ladybird beetle Serangium japonicum is an important predator of whiteflies. Although some ecological and biological characteristics of this predator have been studied, the only molecular data for the ladybird beetle at the NCBI website has been submitted by us. To yield gene sequences of the ladybird beetle, paired-end sequencing was used to sequence its transcriptome. Real-time PCR was used to validate differences in the quantity of RNA expressed by the Krueppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) gene in summer versus winter samples. To find the effective molecular barcode, the annotated cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX1) gene fragments were amplified from several ladybird beetle populations. Analysis yielded 191,246 assembled unigenes, of which 127,016 (66.4%) were annotated. The differential expression of Kr-h1 in summer versus winter suggests that S. japonicum can successfully overwinter because the adults enter diapause. The annotated COX1 gene can be used to distinguish S. japonicum from other ladybird species. These gene sequences are currently available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and will facilitate the study of molecular mechanism in S. japonicum.

scholarly journals De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing of Serangium japonicum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Application of Two Assembled Unigenes

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Ya Hui Hu ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Lin Wei ◽  
Hao Tao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Methyl Farnesoate ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Functional Annotations ◽  
Serangium Japonicum ◽  
Paired End Sequencing

The ladybird beetle Serangium japonicum is an important predator of whiteflies. Investigations of the molecular mechanisms of this predatory beetle have been hindered by the scarcity of gene sequence data. To obtain gene sequences for the ladybird beetle and determine differences in gene expression between the summer and winter seasons, paired-end sequencing was performed. Real-time PCR was used to validate differences in Krueppel homolog 1 gene (Kr-h1) mRNA expression in summer vs. winter samples. To determined the diversity of the population, annotated cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COX1) gene fragments were amplified from several ladybird beetle populations. The analysis yielded 191,246 assembled unigenes, 127,016 of which (66.4%) were annotated. These functional annotations of gene sequences are currently available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and will provide a basis for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological characteristics of S. japonicum. We found a change in expression of ribosome-associated genes across seasons, and postulate that this change is because of seasonal variation in temperature and photoperiod. The differential expression of Kr-h1 suggests that S. japonicum can successfully overwinter because the adults enter diapause. To explain the effects of season on Kr-h1 gene expression, we hypothesize a model in which that a short photoperiod affects the density of Ca2+, the subsequent activity of methyl farnesoate epoxidase and the synthesis of JH, and in turn Kr-h1 gene expression. COX1 annotation was concordant with the morphological ID. The same COX1 sequence was found in the samples from several provinces in China. Therefore, the COX1 sequence is worth further study to distinguish beetle species and populations.

Batesian mimicry and masquerade

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D. Ruxton ◽  
William L. Allen ◽  
Thomas N. Sherratt ◽  
Michael P. Speed
Keyword(s):  
Batesian Mimicry ◽  
Warning Signals ◽  
Potential Predator ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Palatable Species ◽  
Compare And Contrast

This chapter concerns Batesian mimicry, which is the resemblance of a palatable species to an unpalatable or otherwise unprofitable species. Often these unprofitable models have warning signals, which the mimic has evolved to copy. The chapter also considers another well-known form of deception, namely masquerade, which is the resemblance of a palatable species to the cues of an object of no inherent interest to a potential predator such as leaves, thorns, sticks, stones, or bird droppings. Batesian mimicry and masquerade share many properties, and both can be considered examples of ‘protective deceptive mimicry’. We begin by briefly reviewing some well-known examples of protective deceptive mimicry. We then compare and contrast the various theories that have been proposed to understand them. Next, we examine the evidence for the phenomenon and its predicted properties, and finally we address several important questions and controversies, many of which remain only partly resolved.

Potential displacement of the native Tenuisvalvae notata by the invasive Cryptolaemus montrouzieri in South America suggested by differences in climate suitability

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Larissa F. Ferreira ◽  
Christian S. A. Silva-Torres ◽  
Jorge B. Torres ◽  
Robert C. Venette
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
South America ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Cryptolaemus Montrouzieri ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Ecoclimatic Index ◽  
Climate Suitability

Abstract Tenuisvalvae notata (Mulsant) (Coccinellidae) is a predatory ladybird beetle native to South America. It specializes in mealybugs prey (Pseudococcidae), but relatively little is known about its ecology. In contrast, the ladybird beetle Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coccinellidae) is indigenous to Australia and has been introduced to many countries worldwide including Brazil for biological control of mealybugs. The potential impacts of these introductions to native coccinellids have rarely been considered. The software CLIMEX estimated the climate suitability for both species as reflected in the Ecoclimatic Index (EI). Much of South America, Africa, and Australia can be considered climatically suitable for both species, but in most cases, the climate is considerably more favorable for C. montrouzieri than T. notata, especially in South America. The CLIMEX model also suggests seasonal differences in growth conditions (e.g. rainfall and temperature) that could affect the phenology of both species. These models suggest that few locations in South America would be expected to provide T. notata climatic refugia from C. montrouzieri. Although other ecological factors will also be important, such as prey availability, this analysis suggests a strong potential for displacement of a native coccinellid throughout most of its range as a consequence of the invasion by an alien competitor.

Germ-line transformation and RNAi of the ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kuwayama ◽  
T. Yaginuma ◽  
O. Yamashita ◽  
T. Niimi
Keyword(s):  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Germ Line Transformation
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