scholarly journals A Study of Coconut (Cocos Nucifera L.) Phosphatidylcholine Species

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2963-2968
Author(s):  
Dwi Hudiyanti ◽  
Marliana Jayanti ◽  
Muhammad Fuad Al-Khafiz ◽  
Khairul Anam
Keyword(s):  
Octadecadienoic Acid ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid Chain ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) phosphatidylcholines, or CocoPCs species are studied in this paper. CocoPCs is fractionated from coconut phospholipids (CocoPLs) using methanol eluent in silica column chromatography. Analysis of the CocoPCs, by FTIR, GCMS and LCMS, reveals that among the isolated CocoPCs species are 16:0/18:0-PC with m/z 763 at Rf 6.02 and 18:1-LysoPC with m/z 522 at Rf 4.93. The composition of CocoPCs fatty acid chain residues are Dodecanoic acid (C12:0), Tetradecanoic acid (C14:0), 9-Hexadecenoic acid (C16:1), Hexadecanoic acid (C16:0), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) (C18:2), 9-Octadecenoic acid (C18:1) and Octadecanoic acid (C18:0). The CocoPCs content is 6.317% of 100 mg CocoPLs.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Bioactivities of the Marine Alga Isochrysis galbana from Taiwan

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Cheng Yu ◽  
Hsiao-Wei Chen ◽  
Mao-Jing Chen ◽  
Yu-Ching Chang ◽  
Shih-Chang Chien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Isochrysis Galbana ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Pheophorbide A ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Pheophytin A ◽  
Marine Microalga ◽  
Soluble Components

The present study investigated the chemical composition of Isochrysis galbana Parke, a marine microalga which is widely used as a feedstock in aquaculture. From gas chromatography/mass spectrometric analysis the mono-sugar compositions of I. galbana were 2.1% fucose, 2.5% rhamnose, 2.7% arabinose, 8.5% xylose, 15.7% mannose, 32.7% galactose and 35.8% glucose. The polysaccharides of I. galbana were able to induce prointerleukin-1β (pro-IL-1β) protein expression within murine macrophages. Furthermore, five kinds of chlorophyll and one sterol were separated from the ethanolic extracts, including pheophorbide-a, ethyl pheophorbide-a, 10 S-10-hydroxypheophytin-a, 10 R-10-hydroxypheophytin-a, (132- R)-pheophytin-a, and brassicasterol. In addition, the major soluble components of the ethanol /n-hexane extract were 9-octadecenoic acid ( E) (38.4%), hexadecanoic acid (23.3%), tetradecanoic acid (15.7%), and octadecanoic acid (7.2%), but only a few polyunsaturated fatty acids were found, such as 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (1.9%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid ( Z, Z) (3.4%), and docosahexaenoic acid (0.2%). This is the first occasion that polysaccharides from I. galbana have been demonstrated to exert immunomodulatory properties by the induction of IL-1 within macrophages.

Components Analysis of Monomer Acid and Application in Biodiesel

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 629-632
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Toluenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Orthogonal Analysis ◽  
Components Analysis

The chemical components of fatty acid in monomer acid were determined by GC/MS. After the sample was etherified via methanol, the chemical ingredients and their relative contents of fatty acid in it were analyzed by GC/MS. Fifteen components (such as Myristic acid, Palmitic acid, Oleic acid and Stearic acid ) were identified. The analyzed results showed that the Tetradecanoic acid content reached up to 12.16%, the Hexadecanoic acid accounted for 8.51%, the Octadecenoic acid arrived at 25.53% and the Octadecanoic acid 32.72%. The production technology of biodiesel from monomer acid, using p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst, was introduced. Through orthogonal analysis of parameters in a four-factor and three-level test, the optimum conditions obtained for the esterification were molar ratio of methanol to acid 3:1, usage amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid 6% and reaction time 3h, reaction temperature 60°C.Under the optimum conditions, conversion efficiency of biodiesel with monomer acid arrived at 98%.

Comparison of Four Different Extraction Methods of Oil from Macadamia integrifolia

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3382-3386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Qing Zhu ◽  
Li Jing Lin ◽  
Ji Hua Li ◽  
Guo Ti Lv ◽  
Mao Fang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Octadecadienoic Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Macadamia Integrifolia ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Macadamia Nut

Four different extraction methods, solvent extraction, ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction, Soxhlet extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction, were used to extract oil from Macadamia integrifolia, which also named Macadamia nut oil. Fatty acid compositions of Macadamia nut oil were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the highest extraction rate was 74.63% via Soxhlet extraction, while supercritical CO2 extraction was 70.53%, ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction was 57.19% and Solvent extraction was 50.37%. Six unsaturated fatty acids, including Z-9-Hexadecenoic acid, E-11-Hexadecenoic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, E-9-Octadecenoic acid and 9-eicosenoate, were identified in the oil by GC-MS．The relative extraction rate of unsaturated fatty acids were 36.53%, 44.21%, 60.62%, 56.81%, respectively. Though the extraction rate was the highest via Soxhlet extraction, the relative content of Z-9-Hexadecenoic acid and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid were both higher extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction than Soxhlet extraction, which were 15.38% and 1.55%,. As supercritical CO2 extraction has no solvent residual problem, it would be the trend of the development inSubscript text the future to extract Macadamia nut oil.

scholarly journals The Study on the Pathogenesis of Pediatric Lymphoma Based on the Combination of Pseudotargeted and Targeted Metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hongqi Sun ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Xuchen Wang ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Pediatric Lymphoma ◽  
Effective Diagnosis

Pediatric lymphoma is a kind of malignant tumor with high mortality. The complexity of pediatric lymphoma shows a great challenge for effective diagnosis and treatment. In order to meet the challenge, the combination of pseudotargeted and targeted metabolomics was used to analyze the serum metabolites in pediatric lymphoma patients and healthy controls for discovering the metabolites related to pediatric lymphoma. The serum samples were obtained from the treatment group ( n = 43 ), the control group ( n = 26 ), and the patients group ( n = 18 ). A total of 17 serum metabolites, including carnitine, leucine, creatine, urea, (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoic acid, linoleate, octadecenoic acid, L-palmitoylcarnitine, hexadecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, (9Z)-hexadecenoic acid, uric acid, glucose, 1-methylnicotinamide, hypoxanthine, L-glutamine, and taurine, were found to be related to pediatric lymphoma. They could provide a scientific diagnostic basis and therapeutic target for pediatric lymphoma and elucidate the mechanism of pediatric lymphoma.

scholarly journals Identification of Species and Fatty Acid Composition of Microalgae from Raas Beach Sendang Biru Malang and Their Potential as Biodiesel Feedstock

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Eli Hendrik Sanjaya
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Biodiesel Feedstock

Biodiesel is one of the best renewable energy made from triglycerides. Microalgae has a high lipid content include triglycerides, so it can be used as raw material for biodiesel production. Malang has many of beaches which are potent to become sources of microalgae, several beaches are surrounding Sendang Biru. The aims of this research were to identify the species of microalgae from Raas Beach Sendang Biru, determine their yield of lipid and fatty acid composition, and analyse their potential to became feedstock of biodiesel production. This research consists of five stages: identification of microalgae, cultivation, harvesting, determination of the yield of microalgae lipid by soxhlet extraction method, and analysis of the fatty acid composition of lipid by GC-MS. The results showed that the species of microalgae are dominated by Euglena sp and small amount of Gloeocapsa. The lipid yield of dried microalgae is 7.5% and the fatty acids composition are dodecanoic acid (1.6%), tetradecanoic acid (1.3%), hexadecanoic acid (16.6%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (25.2%), 9-octadecenoic acid (29.8%), and octadecanoic acid (6.7%). Based on this results, it can be concluded  that the microalgaes from Raas Beach Sendang Biru are potential to become biodiesel feedstock but it still need optimization.

scholarly journals Application of Direct Immersion Solid-Phase Microextraction (DI-SPME) for Understanding Biological Changes of Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Ceratitis capitata) During Mating Procedures

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Al-Khshemawee ◽  
Xin Du ◽  
Manjree Agarwal ◽  
Jeong Yang ◽  
Yong Ren
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Direct Immersion

Samples from three different mating stages (before, during and after mating) of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata were used in this experiment. Samples obtained from whole insects were subjected to extraction with the two mixtures of solvents (acetonitrile/water (A) and methanol/acetonitrile/water (B)) and a comparative study of the extractions using the different solvents was performed. Direct immersion-solid phase microextraction (DI-SPME) was employed, followed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry analyses (GC/MS) for the collection, separation and identification of compounds. The method was validated by testing its sensitivity, linearity and reproducibility. The main compounds identified in the three different mating stages were ethyl glycolate, α-farnesene, decanoic acid octyl ester, 2,6,10,15-tetramethylheptadecane, 11-tricosene, 9,12-(Z,Z)-octadecadienoic acid, methyl stearate, 9-(Z)-tricosene, 9,11-didehydro-lumisterol acetate; 1,54-dibromotetrapentacontane, 9-(Z)-hexadecenoic acid hexadecyl ester, 9-(E)-octadecenoic acid and 9-(Z)-hexadecenoic acid octadecyl ester. The novel findings indicated that compound compositions were not significantly different before and during mating. However, new chemical compounds were generated after mating, such as 1-iodododecane, 9-(Z)-tricosene and 11,13-dimethyl-12-tetradecen-1-acetate which were extracted with both (A) and (B) and dodecanoic acid, (Z)-oleic acid, octadecanoic acid and hentriacontane which were extracted with (A) and ethyl glycolate, 9-hexadecenoic acid hexadecyl ester, palmitoleic acid and 9-(E)-octadecenoic acid, which were extracted with solvent (B). This study has demonstrated that DI-SPME is useful in quantitative insect metabolomics by determining changes in the metabolic compounds in response to mating periods. DI-SPME chemical extraction technology might offer analysis of metabolites that could potentially enhance our understanding on the evolution of the medfly.

scholarly journals Identification of A Liverwort Fossil on Pottery from A Church Excavation in Northern Sudan: Evidence for Moist Paleoenvironment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
Ikram M. Ahmed ◽  
Yahia F. Tahir ◽  
Ibrahim I. Tomsah ◽  
Ibrahim E. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Decanoic Acid ◽  
First Record ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid

This paper aims to document the first record of coalified compression fossil of a liverwort on pottery from a church excavation in the desert, northern Sudan. The outline or surface feature of the fossil is clearly observed. Morphological distortion is minimal while the internal anatomy is not preserved. The shapes of the archaeological specimens are closely similar to the morphology of a Riccia sp collected from the Red Sea state and the Blue Nile bank in Khartoum state. Energy-Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy (SEM/EDS), and Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-Mass) analytical techniques were used to determine the chemical composition of the fossil materials. Higher concentrations were reported for Carbon and Oxygen indicating the organic nature of the materials and also excluded the presence of manganese dentrites which perfectly imitate liverwort fossils. Also n-hexadecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, cis-9-hexadecenoic acid, 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-, methyl ester,tert-butyldimethylsilyl decanoic acid  were recorded for the fossil  materials. This study also provides additions to the chemical profile for the fresh material from the same genus which provides important data or monitors for the assessment of the chemical or thermal alteration in the corresponding coalified compression fossil.

scholarly journals Tomitella biformata gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the suborder Corynebacterineae isolated from a permafrost ice wedge

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2803-2807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiki Katayama ◽  
Tomoko Kato ◽  
Michiko Tanaka ◽  
Thomas A. Douglas ◽  
Anatoli Brouchkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Mycolic Acid ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Mycolic Acids ◽  
Ice Wedge ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol Mannosides

Gram-reaction-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, irregular rod-shaped bacteria, designated AHU1821T and AHU1820, were isolated from an ice wedge in the Fox permafrost tunnel, Alaska. The strains were psychrophilic, growing at −5 to 27 °C. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences indicated that the ice-wedge isolates formed a clade distinct from other mycolic-acid-containing bacteria within the suborder Corynebacterineae. The cell wall of strains AHU1821T and AHU1820 contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose, indicating chemotype IV. The muramic acids in the peptidoglycan were glycolated. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H2). The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and an unidentified glycolipid. The major fatty acids were hexadecenoic acid (C16 : 1), hexadecanoic acid (C16 : 0), octadecenoic acid (C18 : 1) and tetradecanoic acid (C14 : 0). Tuberculostearic acid was present in relatively small amounts (1 %). Strains AHU1821T and AHU1820 contained mycolic acids with 42–52 carbons. The DNA G+C content of the two strains was 69.3–71.6 mol% (T m). 16S rRNA, rpoB and recA gene sequences were identical between strains AHU1821T and AHU1820 and those of the gyrB gene showed 99.9 % similarity. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, strains AHU1821T and AHU1820 represent a single novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Tomitella biformata gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Tomitella biformata is AHU1821T (=DSM 45403T =NBRC 106253T).

scholarly journals Chemical Compounds of Malacca Leaf (Phyllanthus emblica) after Triple Extraction with N-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate, and Ethanol

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuzul Asmilia ◽  
Yudha Fahrimal ◽  
Mahdi Abrar ◽  
Rinidar Rinidar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Chemical Content

Malacca (Phyllanthus emblica) is one of the plants that is often by the community in the Aceh Besar district of Indonesia as a traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungals, antivirals, antimutagenic, antimalaria, and antiallergic. This research was conducted to analyze the content of chemical compounds in the ethanol extract of the Malacca leaf (EEDM) using a gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS). Malacca leaves were extracted by the maceration method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The GC-MS analysis showed EEDM contained 22 chemical compounds. The highest chemical content of EEDM is octadecanoic acid reaching 22.93%, 9,12-octadecanoic acid 14.99%, octadecanoic acid 7.59%, 9-hexadecenoic acid 6.17%, octadecanoic acid 5.95%, octadecanal 5.59%, 9,12-octadecanoic acid 5.06%, 3-eicosyne 4.75%, 1-hexadecenoic acid 4.08%, 11-tetradecen-1-ol 2.92%, 2-furanmethanol 2.83%, delta-guaiene 2.43%, cyclohexane 2.13%, hexadecanoic acid 1.99%, sativen 1.87%, octadecanoic acid 1.52%, 1H-cyclopropaanaphthalene 1.40%, tetradecanoic acid 1.40%, 3,7,11-tridecatrienenitrile 1.20%, caryophellene 1.11%, 2H-pyran 1.07%, and trans-caryophellene 1.03%. This study clearly shows the presence of fatty acids which play a major role in the efficacy of these traditional medicines particularly as antioxidant and antimalarial.

Differentiation of Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora and E. carotovora ssp. atroseptica on the basis of cellular fatty acid composition

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 796-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. de Boer ◽  
M. Sasser
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid

The cellular fatty acids of Erwinia carotovora were analyzed by gas–liquid chromatography with a fused-silica capillary column. All strains contained, in decreasing order of amount present, 9-hexadecenoic acid (16:1), hexadecanoic acid (16:0), 9-octadecenoic acid (18:1), dodecanoic acid (12:0), 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid (3-OH-14:0), and tetradecanoic acid (14:0). In addition some strains contained a small amount of 13, 15, 17, and 18 carbon saturated fatty acids. Strains of E. carotovora ssp. atroseptica (Eca) and E. carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) from potato could be differentiated on the basis of three different fatty acid ratios. The Ecc strains had ratios of >3.71 for 12:0/14:0, <4.87 for 16:0/12:0, and <2.70 for 16:1/18:1, while the Eca strains had contrasting values for each of the ratios. Non-potato strains of E. carotovora including strains that were neither Ecc nor Eca on the basis of biochemical reactions were more variable in fatty acid composition than the potato strains, but the fatty acid ratios were generally of the Ecc type.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document