The Frequency of Unsatisfactory Pap Smears Based on the Bethesda System-2001 and their Reasons

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-408
Author(s):  
Zarrin Ajoodani
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smears ◽  
Bethesda System ◽  
The Bethesda System

Pap Test Reporting Rates for Conventional Smear and Liquid-Based Cervical Cytology from the Largest Academic Women's Hospital in China: Analysis of 1,248,785 Pap Test Reports

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Tao ◽  
R. Marshall Austin ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Lihong Zhang ◽  
Jianan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Pap Tests ◽  
Bethesda System ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
The Bethesda System ◽  
Reporting Rates

Objective: The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University (OGHFU) in Shanghai is the largest academic women's hospital in China. Between 2009 and 2014, the use of liquid-based cytology (LBC) significantly increased while gradually adopting the Bethesda System (TBS), and in 2012 local regulations mandated that pathologists replace technicians to sign out Pap tests. Design: A retrospective OGHFU database search documented all Pap test reports between 2009 and 2014 by specimen type, either LBC or conventional Pap smears (CPS), and final reporting category. A total of 1,224,785 Pap reports were analyzed to document variations in Pap test reporting during a period of major change in cervical screening in China. Results: LBC gradually replaced CPS, which declined from over 65% of Pap tests in 2010 to 6.4% in 2014. Of 514,811 Pap reports using the traditional class system, class I (negative) reports accounted for 98.3% of results. With the introduction of TBS reporting, pathologist reviews and substantial replacement of CPS by LBC, the laboratory abnormal Pap test rate increased significantly to almost 5%. Conclusions: Changes in cervical cytology reporting between 2009 and 2014 in China's largest academic women's hospital reflected both increased use of LBC and the introduction of pathologist TBS reporting. Abnormality rates increased significantly and fell within CAP benchmark ranges.

Comparison of the diagnosis of uterine cervical (Pap.) smears from Japan and the US-Modified Papanicolaou's classification vs The Bethesda System 2001-

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiro TAKEI ◽  
Bernardo RUIZI ◽  
Maki TAKAHASHI ◽  
Hiroyoshi SUZUKI ◽  
Fumiaki TEZUKA
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smears ◽  
The Us ◽  
Bethesda System ◽  
The Bethesda System

Validation of the Modification of the Prolonged Papanicolaou Stain for the Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeel Moya-Salazar ◽  
Victor Rojas-Zumaran
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Orange G ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Bethesda System ◽  
Cytological Characteristics ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Bethesda System

Objectives: To validate the modification of the prolonged Papanicolaou stain based on the quality control of time, units and staining stages (micro- and macroscopic), and on the stain reactivation based on the control. Study Design: A prospective study was performed on 125,358 cervical smears in Lima (Peru). The microscopic quality control included evaluating the cytological characteristics through the staining quality index (SQI) and the quality criteria for samples described by the Bethesda System (TBS). The macroscopic quality control is based on the interslide staining as a set corresponding to a poststaining vertical angle. The stains were reactivated with the addition of 0.15 and 2 g of phosphotungstic acid for Orange G and EA-50, respectively. Results: Both the nonneoplastic and the neoplastic findings comply with the quality criteria of the TBS (SQI value = 0.94). The yield per battery of staining fluctuated between 5,616 and 17,954 Pap smears, and the reactivation of stains produced a stain yield of up to four times the initial amount of the smears, saving USD 5,598.88 from 2013 to 2014. Conclusion: The modification of prolonged Papanicolaou staining is an excellent alternative, with a cost-benefit ratio that generates savings and a higher yield per battery of staining.

Effects of the Bethesda System on the Rate of Unsatisfactory Pap Smears in Spontaneous Cervical Screening

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nori Morini ◽  
Lauro Bucchi ◽  
Carlo Naldoni ◽  
Patrizia Schincaglia ◽  
Nadia Capacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Foreign Material ◽  
Screening Practice ◽  
Bethesda System ◽  
The Bethesda System ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
Cytology Report

Aims In 1990, The Bethesda System (TBS) was introduced into spontaneous cervical screening practice in Ravenna, Italy. Negative/benign reports with the recommendation for early repeat smears (RERS) due to some limitation in sample adequacy were considered no longer acceptable. A monitoring program for the rate of unsatisfactory smears (UNS) was implemented. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of such changes in the screening procedure. Methods The frequency of UNS in 1990 was compared with that of UNS+RERS in 1988 (assumed as a baseline year) by the calculation of the standardized rate ratio with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The trend in the standardized rate of UNS from 1990 to 1994 was evaluated by the calculation of the average annual variation with the 95% CI. Results The immediate effect of TBS (1990:1988 comparison) was a significant increase in the rate of UNS attributable to scant cellularity, poor fixation and thick areas (rate ratio, 2.35; 95% CI, 2.18 to 2.53) and to the absence of endocervical component (1.45; 95% CI, 1.30 to 1.60). The rate of UNS attributable to the presence of cytolysis, inflammation, blood and foreign material decreased by about 6 times (0.16; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.19). The midterm effect of TBS (trend from 1990 to 1994) was a decrease in the total rate of UNS by an average of 2.3% per year. The downward trend was significant for smears showing scant cellularity, poor fixation and thick areas (-1.5% per year) and the absence of endocervical component (-0.7% per year). UNS attributable to the presence of cytolysis, inflammation, blood and foreign material stabilized. Conclusions TBS led to a substantial change in the type of information provided by the cytology report (Immediate effect). The monitoring program according to TBS led to a reduction in UNS attributable to sample taker (midterm effect).

scholarly journals Collection of Cervical Secretions Does Not Adversely Affect Pap Smears Taken Immediately Afterward

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Hildesheim ◽  
M. Concepcion Bratti ◽  
Robert P. Edwards ◽  
Mark Schiffman ◽  
Ana C. Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Transformation Zone ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Bethesda System ◽  
The Bethesda System

ABSTRACT Collection of cervical secretions for local immunological assessment requires that the secretions be collected prior to the Pap smear to avoid contamination with blood. The objective of the present study was to determine whether gentle collection of cervical secretions prior to a Pap smear collection influences the quality of the Pap smear. A total of 266 women were recruited. Half of the participants were assigned to collection of cervical secretions prior to Pap smear collection with Weck-cel sponges. The remaining half had only the Pap smear collection performed. Pap smear slides were reviewed and evaluated for quality by the Bethesda System adequacy criteria without knowledge of randomization. The proportions of limited or inadequate slides in the two study groups were compared by using the Pearson chi-square test. No significant differences were observed between the two study groups when overall Pap smear quality was evaluated (P = 0.29). Comparison of the two study groups with respect to individual adequacy criteria, including presence of air drying artifact, presence of obscuring blood, absence of metaplastic or endocervical cells from the transformation zone, scant cellularity, and presence of obscuring inflammatory cells, also revealed no significant differences between the two study groups. Results from the present study suggest that the collection of cervical secretions with Weck-cel sponges does not adversely impact the quality of subsequently obtained Pap smears.

scholarly journals Environmental Performance of Xylene, Hydrochloric Acid and Ammonia Solution During Pap Stain for Diagnosing Cervical Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Jeel J. Moya-Salazar ◽  
Victor A Rojas-Zumaran
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Pap Testing ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Bethesda System ◽  
The Bethesda System

Background. Little importance has been placed on sustainability of the Papanicolaou (Pap) stain, the gold standard for the diagnosis of cervical cancer, for global environmental health. The standard Pap stain uses environmentally toxic and carcinogenic reactants such as xylene, hydrochloric acid and ammonia solution. Objectives. To eradicate the use of environmentally toxic and carcinogenic reactants through the validation of the Ecologic Papanicolaou (Eco-Pap) test. Methods. Reagent handling strategies were divided in three phases: used Harris' progressive hematoxilin, polychromatic solution and direct mounting that were analyzed by PEED-Cytology, Staining Quality Index (ICT) and the Bethesda system 2014. Results. A total of 52,319 Pap smears stained with Eco-Pap were admitted (ICT=0.91). Validation of the Eco-Pap versus conventional staining was optimal (Kappa =0.89) and the sensitivity and specificity of the method were 57% and 98%, respectively. Eco-Pap reduced the environmental contamination produced by xylene (66 liters), hydrochloric acid and ammonia (5.5 liters each) over nine months, and all diagnoses coincided with the cytological details. Conclusions. The Eco-Pap is an innovative method that transforms Pap testing into a sustainable and supportable technology.

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