scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF STRENGTH EXERCISE ON THICKNESS AND FUNCTION OF QUADRICEPS MUSCLE IN SPORTING AND NON-SPORTING 11-13 YEAR OLD CHILDREN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 928-933
Author(s):  
Lina Levickienė ◽  
Daiva Imbrasienė ◽  
Monika Pocienė ◽  
Vanda Jakubaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
And Function

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is the key factor in a child’s development and strong health. This includes physical, mental and functional body states. In Lithuania, as in the whole world, the physical activity of children is decreasing and this affects their growth and maturation.OBJECTIVE OF STUDY: To evaluate the effect of exercises on the thickness and function of the quadriceps thigh muscle of sporting and non-sporting children 11-13 years of age.METHODS: The research was carried out at one of Kaunas basic schools. Two tests were performed for this purpose before and after the study. In the study, a dominant leg measuring test and the thickness, volume and strength measuring of the quadriceps thigh muscle was performed. The received data was processed using SPSS 17.0 and a mathematical calculator in Microsoft Office Excel. The study lasted 5 months and a leg muscle strengthening exercise program was performed for 30 minutes twice a week. The participants performed 30 exercises in total.RESULTS: The study involved 36 participants, which were grouped in two groups of 18 participants. Assessing the results of a study between a dominant and non-dominant leg, we found that the results of all measurements in both groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). By analyzing the results of sporting and non-sporting groups before as well as after the study and after calculation of Pearson correlation coefficients, a greater link between the measured parameters was determined in the sporting group.CONCLUSION: The results showed that the studied parameters (thickness, force and volume of the quadriceps thigh muscle) statistically increased significantly after strength exercises.

Validation of the Three-Item Skindex-Mini Among Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients With Diverse Racial Backgrounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
Lauren A.V. Orenstein ◽  
Adaugo Amah ◽  
Fiona M. Shaw ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Robert A. Swerlick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Function

Background Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that severely impairs patients’ quality of life (QoL). Instruments such as the 10-item Dermatology Life Quality Index and 16-item Skindex-16 have been used to assess QoL in HS; however, it is unknown whether the shorter 3-item Skindex-mini can also provide an accurate assessment of skin-related QoL in patients with HS. Objectives The aim was to assess how well the Skindex-16 correlates with its shorter adaptation, the Skindex-mini, in capturing QoL among patients with HS. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included all HS patients seen in the HS Clinic at The Emory Clinic between January 1, 2019, and August 16, 2019. We compared the correlation between the symptom, emotion, and function domains of the Skindex-16 and Skindex-mini using Pearson correlation coefficients (CC). Secondary outcome measures included individual survey item analysis, ItchyQuant scores, and numeric rating scale of pain. Results We identified 108 encounters among 75 unique hidradenitis suppurativa patients (43 black/African American, 18 white, 5 Asian/Pacific Islander, 3 Latino, 4 Other, 2 unknown). Pearson CC between the Skindex-16 and Skindex-mini domain scores for all encounters were 0.770 ( P < .001), 0.787 ( P < .001), and 0.801 ( P < .001) for the symptom, emotion, and function domains, respectively. The mean pain and ItchyQuant scores were 4.14 (SD 3.31) and 3.55 (SD 3.34), respectively. Conclusions The Skindex-mini correlated highly with the Skindex-16 in a racially diverse group of patients with HS. The Skindex-mini is a streamlined QoL instrument that could be practically implemented into routine clinical care among diverse patients presenting to dermatology.

scholarly journals Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program on Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters, Risk of Falling and Physical Activity in Dementia Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaïck Perrochon ◽  
Achille E. Tchalla ◽  
Joelle Bonis ◽  
Florian Perucaud ◽  
Stéphane Mandigout
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Gait Disorders ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Before And After

Background: Exercise programs are presumed to rehabilitate gait disorders and to reduce the risk of falling in dementia patients. This study aimed to analyze the specific effects of multicomponent exercise on gait disorders and to determine the association between gait impairments and the risk of falling in dementia patients before and after intervention. Methods: We conducted an 8-week multicomponent exercise program in 16 dementia patients (age 86.7 ± 5.4 years). All participants were assessed several times for gait analysis (Locométrix®), Tinetti score and physical activity (Body Media SenseWear® Pro armband). Results: After 8 weeks of the exercise program, the mean gait speed was 0.12 m/s faster than before the intervention (0.55 ± 0.17 vs. 0.67 ± 0.14 m/s). The multicomponent exercise program improved gait performance and Tinetti score (p < 0.05). Gait performance (gait speed, stride length) was correlated with the Tinetti score (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Analysis of spatiotemporal gait parameters using an accelerometer method provided a quick and easy tool to estimate the benefits of an exercise program and the risk of falling.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index for the Amount of Physical Activity After Total Hip Arthroplasty

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wagenmakers ◽  
Martin Stevens ◽  
Inge van den Akker-Scheek ◽  
Wiebren Zijlstra ◽  
Johan W Groothoff
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Womac Score ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Health Enhancing Physical Activity

Background and Purpose Despite the recognized health benefits of physical activity, little is known about the amount of physical activity that patients perform after total hip arthroplasty (THA). To this end, the ability of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) to predict the amount of physical activity that patients with a THA perform, as measured by the Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-Enhancing Physical Activity (SQUASH), was determined. Subjects and Methods Three hundred sixty-four patients who had a THA returned questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between scores on the WOMAC and SQUASH. Binary logistic regression modeling was used to determine the extent to which the WOMAC score could predict that patients would meet national and international guidelines for health-enhancing physical activity. Results Scores on the WOMAC and SQUASH showed a significant, but low, correlation (r=.14–.24). Although the WOMAC score was a significant predictor for meeting national and international guidelines for physical activity, the odds ratio was low (1.022, 95% confidence interval=1.012–1.033) and only 6.9% of the variance could be explained (Nagelkerke r2=.069). Discussion and Conclusion The results suggest that the WOMAC is not suitable for predicting the amount of physical activity after THA, requiring the use of an additional outcome measure.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia in Cancer Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andree Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Impact Risk ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Sarcopenia in cancer patients, especially in advanced stage, recently known as an emerging problem. Firstly, sarcopenia is found in elderly patients. The diagnosis of sarcopenia needs evaluation of muscle composition and function and physical activity. Sarcopenia will give negative impacts such as increased mortality, chemo-toxicity, and decreased quality of life. Here, we review the current evidence describing the definition, impact, risk factors, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia in cancer patients.Method: We identified 48 studies and/or review articles evaluating sarcopenia in cancer patients by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases. Results: Sarcopenia is reported across all stages and types of cancers. There is a new definition of sarcopenia that is reported in 2019 paper. The risk factors or causes of sarcopenia in cancer are complex depending on the clinical settings of each patient. SARC-F questionnaire can be used to screen cancer patients in clinical settings. The diagnostic evaluation and cut-off measurement of sarcopenia especially in cancer varied across studies. The loss of muscle mass that happens during chemotherapy will make a poor prognosis. Sarcopenia can worsen chemotherapy toxicity. Combination exercise with adequate dietary supplementation, adequate energy, and protein are important in the management of sarcopenia in cancer patients.Conclusions: Patients with cancer belong to a population at risk of developing sarcopenia before and after chemotherapy. Sarcopenia diagnosis needs the evaluation of muscle mass and muscle strength or physical performance. Physical activity exercise is the best strategy to reduce sarcopenia in cancer patients.

scholarly journals Correlation of Knee Instability With Alignment And Repetitive Physical Activity In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Wada ◽  
Tsuyoshi Miyazaki ◽  
Yusuke Yamamoto ◽  
Takumi Sakamoto ◽  
Takahiro Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Knee Instability ◽  
Knee Alignment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Objectives. Malalignment, dynamic knee instability, and repetitive physical activity are considered biomechanical risk factors for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), though the correlations among these factors are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between knee instability and alignment, and to determine the effects of repetitive physical activity on knee instability in patients with KOA.Methods. The study subjects were 68 patients with radiographic tibiofemoral KOA and 68 control subjects. Each participant underwent clinical evaluation, muscle strength test, radiography, and knee instability test. Instability was evaluated before and after repetitive stepping exercise using triaxial accelerometer. Results. Mediolateral acceleration correlated (p<0.01) with two coronal alignments (mechanical axis; HKA and joint line convergent angle; JLCA). Pearson correlation coefficient was small (r=0.23-0.24) before but increased after stepping (r=0.28-0.33). Increased mediolateral acceleration after stepping correlated with JLCA (r=0.37, p<0.001) . There were significant differences in coronal alignments, gait speed, mediolateral acceleration, and accelerations in all directions between the control and KOA groups. Anteroposterior acceleration did not correlate with sagittal knee alignment. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified HKA/JLCA, and increased mediolateral acceleration after stepping as significant diagnostic predictors of KOA.Conclusion. We found a direct relationship between knee instability and knee alignment or repetitive physical activity. Repetitive stepping activity significantly increased mediolateral acceleration in KOA patients, compared to the control. Stepping increased the correlation between mediolateral acceleration and coronal alignment. In knees with large JLCA, repetitive stepping provided much larger mediolateral instability. Our results suggest that, in addition to JLCA, the increase in mediolateral acceleration after repetitive physical activity, possibly contributes to the development of KOA.Trial registrationTan-nan Regional Medical Center TRMC No. 2018-1

Midterm Functional Outcome of the Linked Semiconstrained Distal Radioulnar Joint Prosthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaak Warlop ◽  
Maarten Van Nuffel ◽  
Luc De Smet ◽  
Ilse Degreef
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Visual Analog Scale Score ◽  
Distal Radioulnar Joint ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Radioulnar Joint ◽  
Therapeutic Study ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background A painful unstable distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) can seriously compromise hand and wrist function. The semiconstrained prosthesis was developed to restore DRUJ function. To date, most outcome reports are coauthored by the designer. Questions Does independent reporting confirm the promising results of the semiconstrained DRUJ prosthesis? Are complication and failure rates acceptable? Patients and Methods We evaluated patients with the semiconstrained DRUJ implant and a minimum follow-up of 2 years. We monitored patient satisfaction and function with functionality questionnaires and measured wrist range of motion, grip, and key pinch strength. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, linear and logistic regression. Results We included 41 patients with 42 implants. Mean follow-up was 46 months (range: 24–102 months). Eighty percent of wrist had undergone previous surgery. We found a mean pronation of 83 degrees (0–90 degrees), supination of 70 degrees (0–90 degrees), flexion of 42 degrees (0–90 degrees), extension of 49 degrees (0–90 degrees), ulnar deviation of 24 degrees (0–60 degrees), and radial deviation of 14 degrees (0–40 degrees). Grip and key pinch strength were 20.1 (1–50 kg) and 6 kg (1–12 kg), respectively. Average patient-rated wrist and hand evaluation score was 42.7 (0–95), disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score was 38 (0–88), and visual analog scale score was 3.6 (0–8). We found a 43% complication rate (mostly minor: ulnar or radial tendinopathy, temporary hypoesthesia) with 24% reoperation and 92% prosthesis survival rate. Conclusion The linked semiconstrained DRUJ prosthesis has its value in the surgical treatment of DRUJ failure. Currently, most implants are used in secondary surgery and multioperated wrists. More research is required to assess the value of the DRUJ prosthesis as a primary procedure. Level of evidence This is a level IV, therapeutic study.

scholarly journals Increased physical activity and the growth hormone-IGF-I axis in adolescent males

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (1) ◽  
pp. R308-R314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alon Eliakim ◽  
Jo Anne Brasel ◽  
Subburaman Mohan ◽  
Wai Lee T. Wong ◽  
Dan M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Activity Groups

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is associated with muscle hypertrophy, and circulating IGF-I levels are correlated with fitness. To test the hypothesis that IGF-I increases with increased physical activity in adolescent males, 38 subjects (16 ± 0.7 yr old) were randomized to control ( n = 18) or increased physical activity groups for 5 wk. Before and after the intervention, we measured thigh muscle volume using magnetic resonance imaging and serum levels of mean growth hormone (GH) by overnight multiple sampling, GH binding protein (GHBP), IGF-I, and IGFBPs 1–5 by standard assays. Energy expenditure was assessed with the doubly labeled water technique toward the end of the study. In the training subjects there was 1) a significant increase in thigh muscle volume (+3.6 ± 1%), 2) 15.5 ± 3.3% greater energy expenditure than in controls, and 3) no evidence of weight loss (+1.44 ± 0.4%). In contrast to our hypothesis, but similar to our recent observations in adolescent females, training decreased IGF-I (−12 ± 4%, P < 0.005). Moreover, training substantially reduced GHBP (−21 ± 4%, P < 0.00002) and increased IGFBP-2 (+40 ± 16%, P < 0.008). Brief training increased muscle volume in weight-stable adolescent males and, surprisingly, influenced not only IGF-I but GHBP and IGFBP-2 as well in a manner typically found in energy-deficient states.

scholarly journals Effects of Short-Term Physical Activity Interventions on Simple and Choice Response Times

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Norton ◽  
Lynda Norton ◽  
Nicole Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Active Adults

Objective. Response time (RT) is important for health and human performance and provides insight into cognitive processes. It deteriorates with age, is associated with chronic physical activity (PA), and improves with PA interventions. We investigated associations between the amount and type of PA undertaken and the rate of change in RT for low-active adults across the age range 18–63 yr.Methods. Insufficiently active adults were assigned to either a walking (n=263) or higher-intensity (n=380) exercise program conducted over 40 days. Active controls were also recruited (n=135). Simple response time (SRT) and choice response time (CRT) were measured before and after the intervention and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up.Results. SRT and CRT slowed across the age range; however, habitually active participants at baseline had significantly faster CRT (p<0.05). The interventions increased weekly PA with corresponding increases in physical fitness. These changes were mirrored in faster CRT across the study for both intervention groups (p<0.05). No changes were found for SRT.Conclusions. Both PA interventions resulted in improvements in CRT among adults starting from a low activity base. These improvements were relatively rapid and occurred in both interventions despite large differences in exercise volume, type, and intensity. There were no effects on SRT in either intervention.

scholarly journals Effects of a Physical Exercise Program on Patients Affected with Fibromyalgia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272096507
Author(s):  
Glòria Sauch Valmaña ◽  
Josep Vidal-Alaball ◽  
Pere Roura Poch ◽  
Jacobo Mendiroz Peña ◽  
Robert Panadés Zafra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pain Visual Analog Scale ◽  
The Impact

Background: physical activity has been used for a number of years in the treatment of fibromyalgia (FM). The main objective of this study is to compare the effects of physical activity on 2 groups of women diagnosed with FM in terms of pain, quality of life and the impact of the condition on their daily lives. Methods: this was a randomized clinical trial to assess the effects of physical activity performed by subjects assigned to one of 2 groups on the scores of 3 questionnaires, the pain Visual Analog Scale (EVA), the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and the SF-36 health questionnaire administered before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 24 subjects were randomly assigned to each of the 2 study groups. No significant differences were found after the program of 3 months of physical activity ended. Conclusions: Our study shows that a physical activity program with duration of less than 3 months does not significantly improve any of the factors studied.

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