scholarly journals Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program on Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters, Risk of Falling and Physical Activity in Dementia Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaïck Perrochon ◽  
Achille E. Tchalla ◽  
Joelle Bonis ◽  
Florian Perucaud ◽  
Stéphane Mandigout
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Gait Disorders ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Before And After

Background: Exercise programs are presumed to rehabilitate gait disorders and to reduce the risk of falling in dementia patients. This study aimed to analyze the specific effects of multicomponent exercise on gait disorders and to determine the association between gait impairments and the risk of falling in dementia patients before and after intervention. Methods: We conducted an 8-week multicomponent exercise program in 16 dementia patients (age 86.7 ± 5.4 years). All participants were assessed several times for gait analysis (Locométrix®), Tinetti score and physical activity (Body Media SenseWear® Pro armband). Results: After 8 weeks of the exercise program, the mean gait speed was 0.12 m/s faster than before the intervention (0.55 ± 0.17 vs. 0.67 ± 0.14 m/s). The multicomponent exercise program improved gait performance and Tinetti score (p < 0.05). Gait performance (gait speed, stride length) was correlated with the Tinetti score (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Analysis of spatiotemporal gait parameters using an accelerometer method provided a quick and easy tool to estimate the benefits of an exercise program and the risk of falling.

scholarly journals Effects of Short-Term Physical Activity Interventions on Simple and Choice Response Times

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Norton ◽  
Lynda Norton ◽  
Nicole Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Active Adults

Objective. Response time (RT) is important for health and human performance and provides insight into cognitive processes. It deteriorates with age, is associated with chronic physical activity (PA), and improves with PA interventions. We investigated associations between the amount and type of PA undertaken and the rate of change in RT for low-active adults across the age range 18–63 yr.Methods. Insufficiently active adults were assigned to either a walking (n=263) or higher-intensity (n=380) exercise program conducted over 40 days. Active controls were also recruited (n=135). Simple response time (SRT) and choice response time (CRT) were measured before and after the intervention and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up.Results. SRT and CRT slowed across the age range; however, habitually active participants at baseline had significantly faster CRT (p<0.05). The interventions increased weekly PA with corresponding increases in physical fitness. These changes were mirrored in faster CRT across the study for both intervention groups (p<0.05). No changes were found for SRT.Conclusions. Both PA interventions resulted in improvements in CRT among adults starting from a low activity base. These improvements were relatively rapid and occurred in both interventions despite large differences in exercise volume, type, and intensity. There were no effects on SRT in either intervention.

scholarly journals Effects of a Physical Exercise Program on Patients Affected with Fibromyalgia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272096507
Author(s):  
Glòria Sauch Valmaña ◽  
Josep Vidal-Alaball ◽  
Pere Roura Poch ◽  
Jacobo Mendiroz Peña ◽  
Robert Panadés Zafra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pain Visual Analog Scale ◽  
The Impact

Background: physical activity has been used for a number of years in the treatment of fibromyalgia (FM). The main objective of this study is to compare the effects of physical activity on 2 groups of women diagnosed with FM in terms of pain, quality of life and the impact of the condition on their daily lives. Methods: this was a randomized clinical trial to assess the effects of physical activity performed by subjects assigned to one of 2 groups on the scores of 3 questionnaires, the pain Visual Analog Scale (EVA), the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and the SF-36 health questionnaire administered before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 24 subjects were randomly assigned to each of the 2 study groups. No significant differences were found after the program of 3 months of physical activity ended. Conclusions: Our study shows that a physical activity program with duration of less than 3 months does not significantly improve any of the factors studied.

scholarly journals Nutritional Requirements During Training for Special Operation Forces – An Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Rietjens ◽  
Guy Plasqui ◽  
Deafvon A.M.S.W. Frenken ◽  
Jasper Most
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Test Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background: Responses to exercise training can vary greatly between individuals. For special operation forces, low responses to training can hamper performance. In this study, we objectively measured strength and fitness during special operation forces training, and assessed potential determinants of the training response. Methods: Twenty subjects were enrolled, and measurements were taken before and after a 9-week training program. Muscular strength was measured as one-repetition-maximum on four instruments, and physical fitness by the Cooper-test. Body composition was measured using deuterium dilution, physical activity by accelerometry and diet quality by food records. Level of significance was p<0.05.Results: During the 9-week training period, body strength increased by 0.33±0.24 N/kg (+7%, P<0.001, and physical fitness increased by 3.5±3.4 mL/min/kg (+6%, P=0.001). Gains in strength were inversely associated with strength at baseline, and positively with activity intensity during the training program. We observed no effect of training on body weight, but body composition was significantly different at follow-up as compared to baseline (16.9±2.5% to 14.9±2.5% body fat, P=0.03). Energy intake was 4491±506 kcal/d and energy balance was -243±306 kcal/d (P=0.04). Average physical activity level was 2.6±0.2 and the average duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 5:53±0:36h. Over time, physical activity did not change significantly. After adjustment for underreporting, intakes of vitamin C and D were insufficient on average and for most participants.Conclusions: Improvements in strength were modulated by strength prior to the intervention, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during the training. Thus, compensatory declines in physical activity may hamper the effectiveness of the exercise program.

scholarly journals Gait in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Hyun Lim ◽  
Kyunghun Kang ◽  
Ho-Won Lee ◽  
Ji-Soo Kim ◽  
Sung-Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Lesion Side ◽  
Vestibular Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Functional Ambulation Profile ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Purpose: Patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) experience gait unsteadiness not only during the attacks but also between the spells. This study aimed to measure gait changes in BPPV and determine whether these changes are associated with the involved canal or lesion side.Methods: We recruited 33 patients with a diagnosis of unilateral BPPV. Patients with other vestibular or central nervous system disorders were excluded. Gait was assessed using the GAITRite™ system before and after canalith repositioning treatment (CRT).Results: After CRT, improvements were observed in various gait parameters including velocity (p &lt; 0.001), cadence (p &lt; 0.001), functional ambulation profile (p = 0.011), and the coefficient of variation of stride time (p = 0.004). Exploration of the center of pressure (COP) distribution also revealed improved stabilization during locomotion after CRT. The spatiotemporal gait variables did not differ between the patients with horizontal- and posterior-canal BPPV, or between the ipsilesional and contralesional sides before CRT.Conclusions: The gait parameters reflecting velocity and rhythmicity along with stability of COP distribution improved after the resolution of BPPV. Episodic overexcitation of semicircular canal may impair the vestibular information that is integrated with the other reference afferent systems and lead to impaired gait performance.

scholarly journals SO067VIRTUAL REALITY EXERCISE INTRADIALYSIS IMPACT ON PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL WITH FOLLOW-UP

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Segura-Ortí ◽  
Francisco José Martínez-Olmos ◽  
Alicia Garcia-Testal ◽  
Rafael Garcia-Maset ◽  
Noemi Valtueña-Gimeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Exercise Period

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite the benefits reported by the implementation of exercise during dialysis, currently it is not a clinical routine. Non-immersive virtual reality (VR) is a feasible option to exercise and in a short pilot study of intadialysis VR exercise improved physical function (PF), Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and physical activity (PA). The objective of this research was to investigate if a 12-weeks non-immersive VR exercise program intradialysis improves PF and PA. METHODS This was a crossover randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomized in a control-VR group (CVR) or VR-control group (VRC). There were two consecutive periods of 12 weeks, one control and one exercise period. The CVR started with a control period and followed by the exercise period, and the VRC did the opposite. PF and PA were assessed at four time points: baseline, 12, 24 and 36 weeks. The functional tests administered included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), gait speed in 4 meters, Timed Up-and-Go (TUG), balance with the one-legged stance test (OLST), Sit-to-Stand 10 (STS10) and Sit-to-Stand 60 (STS-60), 6 minute walking test (6MWT). Human Activity Profile (HAP) was used to assess PA level. Intradialysis exercise consisted of a video game adapted to dialysis: Treasure hunting. It is a non-immersive VR game in which the patient must catch some objectives avoiding obstacles by moving the lower limbs. The exercise session lasted from 20 to 40 minutes. Intensity was checked through the rate of perceived exertion (RPE). A mixed model of repeated measures were used to assess the effect of the intervention. RESULTS 47 subjects were included in the study, 22 subjects (median age 73.5 years; 13 males) in the CVR and 25 subjects (median age 72 years, 15 males) in the VRC. At 24 weeks we tested 33 subjects and at 36 weeks 31 patients were tested. The results of all functional tests improved after the exercise program (Gait speed in 4 meters -0.16 seconds, 95% CI -0.1- -0.2 VRC and -0.12 seconds, 95% IC -0.06--0.17 CVR; TUG -1.8 seconds, 95% CI -1.2--2.5 VRC and -1.3 seconds, 95% CI 0.1--2.7 CVR; OLST 6.2 seconds, 95% CI 2.6-9.8 VRC and 8.1 seconds, 95% CI 4.2-12.0 CVR; STS-10 -5.6 seconds, 95% CI -3.5--7.8 VRC and -6.0 seconds, 95% CI -4.0--7.9 CVR; and 6MWT 105.4 meters, 95% CI 76.2-134.6 VRC and CVR 59.5 meters, 95% CI 34.5-84.5). The VRC showed a significant increase in HAP (9.2, 95% CI 6.4-12.0) after the 12 weeks of exercise program. The CVR did not change during the first 12 weeks of no exercise, but showed a significant increase at 24 weeks after the end of the exercise program in HAP (7.4, 95% CI 3.8-11.0). The follow-up of 12 weeks after the end of the program in the VRC showed a significant decrease in function in the following tests (Gait speed in 4 meters -0.13seconds, 95% CI 0.08--0.18; STS-10 -1.4 seconds, CI 95% 0.11-2.65; and 6MWT -66.4 meters, 95% CI 43.5-89.2). During the follow-up period, at 24 weeks, the VRC showed a significant decrease in HAP (-7.7, 95% CI -11.0--4.4), there was no further decrease at 36 weeks. At 36 weeks, after 12 weeks of follow-up, participants in the CVR presented a significant decrease in HAP (-7.2, 95% CI -10.5--4.0). CONCLUSIONS A non-immersive VR exercise program during intradialysis improves PF and PA and HRQoL. Exercise benefits are not maintained after 12 weeks of follow-up.

scholarly journals Prevención del riesgo de caída en adultos mayores con programa Kunte durante confinamiento por COVID-19 (Prevention older adults fall risk with Kunte program during COVID-19 confinement)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Manuel Villarroel Cerda ◽  
Matías Pozo Núñez ◽  
Cristián Díaz Escobar ◽  
Víctor Patricio Díaz Narváez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

  Introducción: La falta de actividad física e incremento de conductas sedentarias durante el confinamiento domiciliario de adultos mayores, debido al COVID-19, tendría como consecuencia, con el tiempo, un aumento del riesgo de caída en esta población. Objetivo: Disminuir el riesgo de caída en un grupo de adultos mayores con confinamiento domiciliario aplicando el programa de actividad física Kunte, concerniente en secuencias de movimientos de tipo oriental estructurados de acuerdo a fundamentos teórico-prácticos de la terapia física y metodológico-pedagógicos de la Educación Física. Métodos: Estudio de diseño exploratorio y cuasi experimental; aplicado en 35 adultos mayores (19 mujeres – 16 hombres), pertenecientes a la comuna de Maipú, Santiago, Chile. Durante un periodo de 3 meses, utilizando el Timed Up and Go y Prueba de Tinetti antes y después de la intervención con el programa Kunte. Resultados: Los estadísticos descriptivos determinaron en un antes y después de aplicado el programa Kunte diferencias significativas (p<0,05) y altamente significativas (p<0,005) para la prueba Tinetti y Timed Up and Go Test respectivamente, tanto en hombres como mujeres, en la valoración del riesgo de caída de adultos mayores; disminuyendo significativamente este riesgo en cuanto a su relación con el equilibrio corporal dinámico y la marcha. Conclusión: La aplicación del programa Kunte presentó resultados significativamente positivos al valorar el equilibrio corporal dinámico y la marcha, mediante pruebas funcionales relacionadas con el riesgo de caída en adultos mayores, en este caso con confinamiento domiciliario durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Abstract: Introduction: Lack of physical activity and increased sedentary behaviors during home confinement of older adults, due to COVID-19, would result, over time, in an increased risk of falling in this population. Objective: To reduce the risk of falling in a group of older adults in home confinement by applying the Kunte physical activity program, based on sequences of oriental-type movements structured according to the theoretical-practical foundations of physical therapy and the methodological-pedagogical principles of Physical Education. Methods: Exploratory and quasi-experimental design study; applied in 35 older adults (19 women - 16 men), belonging to the commune of Maipú, Santiago, Chile. During a period of 3 months, using the Timed Up and Go and Tinetti's Test before and after the intervention with the Kunte program. Results: Descriptive statistics determined significant (p<0.05) and highly significant (p<0.005) differences for the Tinetti and Timed Up and Go Test respectively, in both men and women, in the assessment of the risk of falling of older adults; significantly decreasing this risk in terms of its relationship with dynamic body balance and walking. Conclusion: The application of the Kunte program showed significantly positive results when assessing dynamic body balance and gait, through functional tests related to fall risk in older adults, in this case with home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF STRENGTH EXERCISE ON THICKNESS AND FUNCTION OF QUADRICEPS MUSCLE IN SPORTING AND NON-SPORTING 11-13 YEAR OLD CHILDREN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 928-933
Author(s):  
Lina Levickienė ◽  
Daiva Imbrasienė ◽  
Monika Pocienė ◽  
Vanda Jakubaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
And Function

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is the key factor in a child’s development and strong health. This includes physical, mental and functional body states. In Lithuania, as in the whole world, the physical activity of children is decreasing and this affects their growth and maturation.OBJECTIVE OF STUDY: To evaluate the effect of exercises on the thickness and function of the quadriceps thigh muscle of sporting and non-sporting children 11-13 years of age.METHODS: The research was carried out at one of Kaunas basic schools. Two tests were performed for this purpose before and after the study. In the study, a dominant leg measuring test and the thickness, volume and strength measuring of the quadriceps thigh muscle was performed. The received data was processed using SPSS 17.0 and a mathematical calculator in Microsoft Office Excel. The study lasted 5 months and a leg muscle strengthening exercise program was performed for 30 minutes twice a week. The participants performed 30 exercises in total.RESULTS: The study involved 36 participants, which were grouped in two groups of 18 participants. Assessing the results of a study between a dominant and non-dominant leg, we found that the results of all measurements in both groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). By analyzing the results of sporting and non-sporting groups before as well as after the study and after calculation of Pearson correlation coefficients, a greater link between the measured parameters was determined in the sporting group.CONCLUSION: The results showed that the studied parameters (thickness, force and volume of the quadriceps thigh muscle) statistically increased significantly after strength exercises.

What Gait Features Influence the Amount and Intensity of Physical Activity in People with Multiple Sclerosis?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Pau ◽  
Micaela Porta ◽  
Giuseppina Pilloni ◽  
Giancarlo Coghe ◽  
Eleonora Cocco
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Temporal Parameters ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Background: Although the mutual relationship between ambulation and Physical Activity (PA) in people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) has been described in several studies, there is still a lack of detailed information about the way in which specific aspects of the gait cycle are associated with amount and intensity of PA. This study aimed to verify the existence of possible relationships among PA parameters and the spatio-temporal parameters of gait when both are instrumentally assessed.Methods: Thirty-one pwMS (17F, 14M, mean age 52.5, mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score 3.1) were requested to wear a tri-axial accelerometer 24h/day for 7 consecutive days and underwent an instrumental gait analysis, performed using an inertial sensor located on the low back, immediately before the PA assessment period. Main spatio-temporal parameters of gait (i.e. gait speed, stride length, cadence and duration of stance, swing and double support phase) were extracted by processing trunk accelerations. PA was quantified using average number of daily steps and percentage of time spent at different PA intensity, the latter calculated using cut-point sets previously validated for MS. The existence of possible relationships between PA and gait parameters was assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient rho.Results: Gait speed and stride length were the parameters with the highest number of significant correlations with PA features. In particular, they were found moderately to largely correlated with number of daily steps (rho 0.62, p<0.001), percentage of sedentary activity (rho = -0.44, p<0.001) and percentage of moderate-to-vigorous activity (rho = 0.48, p<0.001). Small to moderate significant correlations were observed between PA intensity and duration of stance, swing and double support phases.Conclusions: The data obtained suggest that the most relevant determinants associated with higher and more intense levels of physical activity in free-living conditions are gait speed and stride length.The simultaneous quantitative assessment of gait parameters and PA levels might represent a useful support for physical therapists in tailoring optimized rehabilitative and training interventions.

Effects of a 6-Week Straw Phonation in Water Exercise Program on the Aging Voice

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1032
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsin Wu ◽  
Roger W. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Aging Voice ◽  
Before And After

Purpose Semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises with tubes or straws have been widely used for a variety of voice disorders. Yet, the effects of longer periods of SOVT exercises (lasting for weeks) on the aging voice are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of a 6-week straw phonation in water (SPW) exercise program. Method Thirty-seven elderly subjects with self-perceived voice problems were assigned into two groups: (a) SPW exercises with six weekly sessions and home practice (experimental group) and (b) vocal hygiene education (control group). Before and after intervention (2 weeks after the completion of the exercise program), acoustic analysis, auditory–perceptual evaluation, and self-assessment of vocal impairment were conducted. Results Analysis of covariance revealed significant differences between the two groups in smoothed cepstral peak prominence measures, harmonics-to-noise ratio, the auditory–perceptual parameter of breathiness, and Voice Handicap Index-10 scores postintervention. No significant differences between the two groups were found for other measures. Conclusions Our results supported the positive effects of SOVT exercises for the aging voice, with a 6-week SPW exercise program being a clinical option. Future studies should involve long-term follow-up and additional outcome measures to better understand the efficacy of SOVT exercises, particularly SPW exercises, for the aging voice.

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