scholarly journals Percolation Concept: Polymer-Filler Gel Formation, Electrical Conductivity and Dynamic Electrical Properties of Carbon-Black-Filled Rubbers

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludek Karásek ◽  
Bohumil Meissner ◽  
Shigeo Asai ◽  
Masao Sumita
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Gel Formation ◽  
Polymer Filler ◽  
Filled Rubbers

scholarly journals Development of Coffee Biochar Filler for the Production of Electrical Conductive Reinforced Plastic

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Giorcelli ◽  
Mattia Bartoli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Powder Form ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Epoxy Resin Composites

In this work we focused our attention on an innovative use of food residual biomasses. In particular, we produced biochar from coffee waste and used it as filler in epoxy resin composites with the aim to increase their electrical properties. Electrical conductivity was studied for the biochar and biochar-based composite in function of pressure applied. The results obtained were compared with carbon black and carbon black composites. We demonstrated that, even if the coffee biochar had less conductivity compared with carbon black in powder form, it created composites with better conductivity in comparison with carbon black composites. In addition, composite mechanical properties were tested and they generally improved with respect to neat epoxy resin.

ELASTOMERIC COMPOSITES BASED ON NANOSPHERICAL PARTICLES AND CARBON NANOTUBES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Bokobza
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Polymer Filler ◽  
Spherical Silica

ABSTRACT The reinforcement of elastomeric materials by addition of mineral fillers represents one of the most important aspects in the field of rubber science and technology. The improvement in mechanical properties arises from hydrodynamic effects depending mainly on the amount of filler and the aspect ratio of the particles and also on polymer–filler interactions depending on the surface characteristics of the filler particles and the chemical nature of the polymer. The past few years have seen the extensive use of nanometer-scale particles of different morphologies on account of the small size of the filler and the corresponding increase in the surface area that allow a considerable increase in mechanical properties even at very low filler loading. Among these nanoparticles, spherical particles (such as silica or titania) generated in situ by the sol-gel process and carbon nanotubes are typical examples of materials used as a nanosize reinforcing additive. Specific features of filled elastomers are discussed through the existing literature and through results of the author's research based on poly(dimethylsiloxane) filled with spherical silica or titania particles and on styrene–butadiene rubber filled with multiwall carbon nanotubes. The reinforcing ability of each type of filler is discussed in terms of morphology, state of dispersion (investigated by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, small-angle neutron scattering), and mechanical and electrical properties. In addition, the use of molecular spectroscopies provides valuable information on the polymer–filler interface. Spherical silica and titania spherical particles are shown to exhibit two distinct morphologies, two different polymer–filler interfaces that influence the mechanical properties of the resulting materials. The superiority of carbon nanotubes over carbon black for mechanical reinforcement and electrical conduction is mainly attributed to their large aspect ratio rather than to strong polymer–filler interactions. The use of hybrid fillers (carbon nanotubes in addition to carbon black or silica, for example) has been shown to give promising results by promoting an enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties with regard to each single filler.

scholarly journals Thermal, Morphological, Electrical Properties and Touch-Sensor Application of Conductive Carbon Black-Filled Polyamide Composites

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3103
Author(s):  
Valentina Brunella ◽  
Beatrice Gaia Rossatto ◽  
Domenica Scarano ◽  
Federico Cesano
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Polyamide 66 ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Carbon Filler ◽  
Conductive Composites

Polyamide 66 (PA66) is a well-known engineering thermoplastic polymer, primarily employed in polymer composites with fillers and additives of different nature and dimensionality (1D, 2D and 3D) used as alternatives to metals in various technological applications. In this work, carbon black (CB), a conductive nanofiller, was used to reinforce the PA66 polymer in the 9–27 wt. % CB loading range. The reason for choosing CB was intrinsically associated with its nature: a nanostructured carbon filler, whose agglomeration characteristics affect the electrical properties of the polymer composites. Crystallinity, phase composition, thermal behaviour, morphology, microstructure, and electrical conductivity, which are all properties engendered by nanofiller dispersion in the polymer, were investigated using thermal analyses (thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry), microscopies (scanning electron and atomic force microscopies), and electrical conductivity measurements. Interestingly, direct current (DC) electrical measurements and conductive-AFM mapping through the samples enable visualization of the percolation paths and the ability of CB nanoparticles to form aggregates that work as conductive electrical pathways beyond the electrical percolation threshold. This finding provides the opportunities to investigate the degree of filler dispersion occurring during the transformation processes, while the results of the electrical properties also contribute to enabling the use of such conductive composites in sensor and device applications. In this regard, the results presented in this paper provide evidence that conductive carbon-filled polymer composites can work as touch sensors when they are connected with conventional low-power electronics and controlled by inexpensive and commercially available microcontrollers.

Electrical Properties Investigation of Unsaturated Polyester Resin with Carbon Black as Fillers

2014 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Revati ◽  
S. Yahud ◽  
M.S. Abdul Majid
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester Resin ◽  
Polyester Composite ◽  
Lcr Meter ◽  
Conducting Polymer Composites

In this paper, conducting polymer composites were prepared by adding different percentage of carbon black (2, 4, 6 and 8)% to unsaturated polyester resin. Hence, this project focuses on two types of carbon black which is commercially available that is activated carbon black and carbon black produced internally from water hyacinth. Their effect on the electrical properties of the polyester compositewas analyzed. The A.C. electrical conductivity of the polyester composite was studied using Precision LCR meter. The A.C. electrical conductivity of polyester-carbon black composite has been investigated at a frequency ranging from 50 Hz to 1 MHz. The result showed that the electrical conductivity ofthe composite was changing with different concentration of carbon black. It has been observed that the electrical conductivity of the composite is frequency dependent and increases with increasing percentage of carbon black fillers in the polyester composite.

Effect of Carbon Black Surface Treatment on the AC Electrical Properties of PP-Based Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Nai Xiu Ding ◽  
Li Li Wang ◽  
Pei Yan Zuo ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Guang Ye Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Conduction Mechanism ◽  
Conduction Model ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
Carbon Black Surface ◽  
Black Surface ◽  
Ac Electrical Properties ◽  
Ac Conduction

Carbon black was first activated by grafting and coupling respectively. Then the grafted carbon black, coupled carbon black, together with the unmodified carbon black was filled into polypropylene to prepare three kinds of composites respectively. The measurements of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and alternating current (AC) electrical properties were performed on the composites. And the effect of CB activation on the AC electrical properties was analyzed. Seen from the result of FTIR spectra it can be found that different groups are bonded to the surface of carbon black after activation. For the corresponding conductive composites,it was found that the value of percolation threshold decreases and the electrical conductivity improves consequently after the carbon black activation. The influence of carbon black activation on the AC electrical properties of the composites and their variation with frequency was analyzed. The AC conduction mechanism was discussed and the conduction model was constructed based on the analysis.

DC Electrical properties of graphytized carbon-black filled rubbers

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 809-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Abdul Jawad ◽  
J. Al-Jundi ◽  
H. M. El-Ghanem
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Filled Rubbers ◽  
Dc Electrical Properties

Stability of electrical properties of carbon black-filled rubbers

2009 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2918-2924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Podhradská ◽  
Jan Prokeš ◽  
Mária Omastová ◽  
Ivan Chodák
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Filled Rubbers

Effect of Mixing Parameter on Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Black/Graphite/Epoxy Nanocomposite Using Taguchi Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Yusuf Zakaria ◽  
Hendra Suherman ◽  
Jaafar Sahari ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Conducting Phase ◽  
Electrical Percolation ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Conducting Materials ◽  
Mixing Parameter

Polymer composite has attracted many researchers from various field of application due to its unique features and properties including light weight, low cost, ease to process and shaping and corrosion resistant [1-3]. Fillers is typically added to enhance the chemical and physical properties of polymers [4, 5]. One of the properties is the electrical conductivity. Carbon based filler such as graphite (G), carbon black (CB), carbon fibers (CF) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) has been extensively used to improve electrical properties of polymer composite [6-8]. Electrical properties of the composite can be explained from percolation theory which means electrical percolation in mixtures of electrically conducting and non-conducting materials [9]. The concentration of conducting phase must above the critical value called percolation threshold, in order for the material become electrically conductive [10].

Electrical Conductivity of Thermo-Oxidatively-Degraded EPDM Rubber

1992 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengt Mattson ◽  
Bengt Stenberg
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Percolation Threshold ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Dc Conductivity ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Epdm Rubber ◽  
Polar Groups

Abstract Oxidative degradation of rubbers, and the development of oxidized layers at the surfaces, results in increased electrical conductivity. This paper shows that for EPDM rubbers heavily oxidized at 200° C, the DC-conductivity increases more than two orders of magnitude, and the percolation threshold for DC conductivity is decreased below 5 phr carbon black. The effect of oxidation upon the electrical properties is explained as being due to the presence of polar groups, e.g., carbonyl groups, in between the carbon-black agglomerates which provide shorter distances for the electrons to tunnel through.

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