Information Technologies and Economic Relations: Problems of International Conventional Unification in EAEU

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Наталия Доронина ◽  
Nataliya Doronina ◽  
Наталья Семилютина ◽  
Natalya Semilyutina
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Latin American Region

Since 2013, at the State Duma initiative, each April Saint-Petersburg has hosted the “Eurasian Economic Perspective” International Forum. This discussion venue for the exchange of opinions by parliament members of the post-Soviet states, with the participation of scientists, representing humanitarian sciences and education, furthers, among other things, the goal of the states’ integration and their economic development. The topic for discussion offered this year was the implementation problems of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Integration as of January, 1, 2015. One of the main integration problems is the problem of unification and harmonization of national legislations of the Treaty countries. The key question of the unification process is separation of powers and competences of the integration organization’s common body and the participating countries’ national bodies. The understanding of the supranational power of the common body is not correct. The integration experience in other unions between the states proves the importance of the sovereignty principle in the integration process. The author provides the analysis of former integration experience. For example, CMEA (Council of Mutual Economic Assistance) united the former Eastern European socialist republics and South-Eastern Asia and was dissolved in 90-ies after the transition of the States — participants to market economy. Notwithstanding its dissolution, CMEA created effective integration instruments on the basis of unification of national legislations: The CMEA General Conditions of Delivery. This instrument of the socialist common market continues to be practiced as model conditions for international contracts. The legal instrument of the International Business Corporation (IBC) has initiated the movement of resources that can be compared to the movement of capital in a free-market world. The CMEA experience has provided basic knowledge of cooperation, which was later used in other integration groups. The article also covers the economic integration of the European Union. It can be useful from the point of view of critics of “federalist” theories on the nature of integration of a group of states. The latter remains, as the authors show, to be subject to the International Law system. It is quite logical, that due to this position of the authors, they pay special attention to the key role of national legislation in the integration process. On the basis of the analysis of the Andean Common Market experience the authors underline the features of integration in the Latin American region. The comparative analysis of international regional unions of states is necessary to make the work of the Eurasian International Economic Union (EAEU) more effective. The Information Law is the technique that provides the diffusion of the most effective models of regulation for the purpose of economic integration. This approach in solving problems of economic integration in EAEU seems to be useful in search of the ways to overcome difficulties of the integration process.

The Andean Common Market: A New Thrust at Economic Integration in Latin America

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin C. Kearns
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Central American ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
British Commonwealth ◽  
The 1960S

The decade of the 1960s could well be termed the First Economic Integration Decade in Latin America. During this period the republics of Latin America experienced a “collective awakening,” inspiring an environment in which superficial and exclusivist values gave way to pragmatic and cooperative attitudes. Economic alliances were formed among neighbors, predicated on the rationale that, by joining forces in the spirit of cooperation and applying an ecumenical approach to common problems, each of the participating countries would be better off than pursuing a strictly autarkic course (see Figure 1).The initial effort at integration was the Central American Common Market (CACM), formed in late 1960 and including all the countries of Central America except Panama.1 That same year, the Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA) was created and, measured in terms of territory and population, represented the most significant economic cooperative. A third grouping was the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA), established in 1968 as an agreement among eleven British Commonwealth nations and territories.

Three Horsemen of the Markets

2019 ◽  
pp. 393-406
Author(s):  
Gönül Yüce Akıncı
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Competitive Power ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Weighted Regression Analysis ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the impact of technologic improvement and financial development on competitive power in the 28 member countries of the European Union using panel geographically weighted regression analysis for the period of 2004-2016. The findings of the analysis, which show that increasing technological development accelerates the competitive power, support the Schumpeterian hypothesis, revealing that the impact of technology on competitiveness could accelerate with the contribution of the financial sector. In addition, findings reflecting the fact that the foreign trade which has been strengthened via technical development increases the competitive power show that the level of globalization has a contribution to this process, also. It has been observed that securing the property rights and applying the effective patent regimes leads to competitive advantage, and the economic integration process of the European continent has strengthened the competitive force.

scholarly journals Democratic Critiques of the Institutions and Processes of Neoliberal International Economic Integration: An Assessment

2011 ◽  
pp. 161-183
Author(s):  
Ian Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Democratic Deficit ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Single European Act ◽  
Economic Integration Agreements ◽  
Persuasive Arguments ◽  
Resolution Processes ◽  
Act One

Three basic types of democratic critique have been levelled against "neoliberal" economic integration agreements such as the NAFTA and the Single European Act. One type holds that the institutions created to oversee the integration process are deficient on democratic grounds. This paper summarizes and evaluates this type of democratic critique. It is argued that allegations that the European Union suffers from a "democratic deficit" are not very convincing. However, criticisms of the lack of openess and due process in neoliberal dispute resolution processes are more persuasive. Arguments for a treaty ratification process that includes a referendum are also convincing.

Concepts, Types and Forms of Eurasian and Latin-American Integration Associations (Comparative Analysis)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Максим Залоило ◽  
Maksim Zaloilo ◽  
Елена Рафалюк ◽  
Elena Rafalyuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
The Common ◽  
Economic Union

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the concept, types and forms of Eurasian and Latin-American integration associations. On the authors’ mind the integration association is the group of states united on the basis of an international treaty to achieve the integration goals. It is proposed to distinguish between the integration associations of the coordination and supranational types. According to the identified features of each of the indicated types of integration associations the authors conclude that the Organization of American States is the union of the coordination type, the MERCOSUR is in transition from coordination to supranational integration association, in the Andean Community the supranational model is implemented, and the Eurasian Economic Union tends to the supranational association. It is noted that integration associations can be also classified depending on the different forms of economic integration (free trade area, customs union, common market, economic union, etc.). The main forms of the Latin-American economic integration are free trade area and customs union, while the common market is still developing. The forms of the Eurasian economic integration are the customs union, the common economic space, forming common market. A trend of formation of new forms and types of inter-state integration associations and cooperation between them, particularly in the form of a mega-association (Union of South American Nations) is revealed. The ways of further development of the integration associations in Latin America and Eurasia are marked.

scholarly journals MULTILINGUALISM AND ASEAN SINGLE MARKET: IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE FACILITATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Interaction

The European Union is a successful common market role model through regional economic integration. The formation of common market by several countries within a country brings widespread implications not only in economic and legal aspects but also socially and culturally. There are four basic principles in the formation of a common European Union market of freedom of movement of goods, freedom of movement of services, freedom of movement of capital, freedom of movement of people. The application of the four principles within the framework of economic integration is strongly influenced by the social and cultural interactions taking place within the market structure. The part of culture is an essential element in doing economic interaction is the language. Multilingualism in the EU affects common market dynamics and policy patterns in trade facilitation.

The Dilemmas of Democracy in the Open Economy: Lessons from Latin America

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus J. Kurtz
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Latin American Region ◽  
Collective Action Problems

Scholars have usually understood the problem of democratic consolidation in terms of the creation of mechanisms that make possible the avoidance of populist excesses, polarized conflicts, or authoritarian corporatist inclusion that undermined free politics in much of postwar Latin America. This article makes the case that, under contemporary liberal economic conditions, the nature of the challenge for democratization has changed in important ways. Earlier problems of polarization had their roots in the long-present statist patterns of economic organization. By contrast, under free-market conditions, democratic consolidation faces a largely distinct set of challenges: the underarticulation of societal interests, pervasive social atomization, and socially uneven political quiescence founded in collective action problems. These can combine to undermine the efficacy of democratic representation and, consequently, regime legitimacy. The article utilizes data from the Latin American region since the 1970s on development, economic reform, and individual and collective political participation to show the effects of a changing state-economy relationship on the consolidation of democratic politics.

The Free Market and the Liberation of Faith

Exchange ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Néstor O. Míguez
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market System ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
Consumption Structure ◽  
Latin American Region ◽  
Political Outcome ◽  
Present Context

This article introduces the issue of economics in Latin-American theology and explores the opposite meanings of freedom and liberation in the market and the theological vocabulary, with special attention to the Latin-American region in its present context. It considers how the imperial ‘free market’ functions at a globalized level, and the economic and political outcome of the neoliberal market system. It also focuses on the consequences of these phenomena with regard to human subjectivity, and what can be called the ‘capture of desire’, the creating a desire for others. The consumption structure of late capitalism ends in the denial of the other as an autonomous subject, with destructive consequences for human life and communities. Its oppressive mechanisms work basically at symbolic level, and destroy the freedom they claim to protect. Over against that we find the Christian concept of love, the responsibility for the neighbour, the other in need, and understand true liberation as the possibility of a desire with the other.

scholarly journals Unia Europejska, globalizacja i Polska

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Anna Małgorzta Niżnik
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

International economic integration, or globalisation, has a long history, dating from the Medieval period; the establishment and later extension of the European Union is part of this process. It is argued that EU membership has brought undoubted advantages, such as support for agriculture and for regions of high unemployment, and the removal of tariffs against Polish goods, but the huge changes experienced by Poland date from the introduction of the market economy in 1989, not from EU membership. The market economy is synonymous with globalisation, which is so powerful that countries are forced to adapt to it, and make changes within this framework. There have been changes since 2004, the most important of which is mass emigration to the UK, Ireland, Germany and Spain, but it is thought that this movement is only short-term, since most Poles intend to return to Poland, having accumulated capital. It is too soon to be able to establish the full impact of EU membership. It seems that a much longer period must be allowed to elapse before it is possible to assess the value of EU membership to Poland. But in any case, it is clear that Poland has become part of the globalisation and economic integration process – something that will be emphasised owing to membership of the EU.

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