scholarly journals Responses ofMenthaSuspension-Cultured Cells to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and Accumulation of Esterified Phenolic Acids in Their Cell Walls

1999 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1522-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Gang YANG ◽  
Syunsuke MIYAO ◽  
Takeo UCHIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Phytotropins. IV. Effect of Phytotropins on Cultured Plant Cells and Protoplasts

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Larkin ◽  
W Scowcroft ◽  
AE Geissler ◽  
GF Katekar
Keyword(s):  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Polar Transport ◽  
Suspension Cultured Cells ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

The phytotropins l-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione (CPP) and 5-(2-carboxyphenyl)- 3-phenylpyrazole (CPD) reduced the net efflux of radiolabel from suspension-cultured cells treated with [14C]2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid when present at concentrations comparable to those that inhibit polar transport of auxins in bean petioles. These phytotropins stimulated division of protoplasts of both Nicotiana debneyi and Petunia hybrida at concentrations of exogenous auxins that were otherwise suboptimal for divisions. The results are consistent with the proposal that phytotropins interact with specific receptors to reduce auxin efflux, resulting in increased intracellular auxin concentrations.

scholarly journals The Effect of Auxins on the Binding of Pectin Methylesterase to Cell Walls

1958 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
KT Glasziou ◽  
Sue D Inglis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Pectin Methylesterase ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Further studies on the binding of pectin methylesterase (PME) to cell wall preparations are described. The PME of extracts of wall preparations from artichoke tubers was separated into three fractions, A, B, and O. Two similar fractions (A and 0) were obtained from tobacco pith wall preparations. The amount of fraction A type PME which could be adsorbed to wall preparations was increased by the addition of 2,4.dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4.D), but not by calcium ions. Neither 2,4.D nor calcium increased the adsorption of fraction B, but calcium and not 2,4�D increased the amount of fraction 0 adsorbed to the wall preparations.

The growth of sugarcane downy mildew fungus in tissue culture

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 528-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Huei Chen ◽  
Ming-Chin Liu ◽  
Chia-Yu Chao
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Dual culture of sugarcane downy mildew fungus (Sclerospora sacchari Miyake) was established by placing a diseased sugarcane explant (shoot apex or spindle leaf) on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing 3 ppm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. After 3 weeks incubation, dense mycelia grew both on and in the callus which had developed. The use of different varieties or illumination periods did not affect the growth of the fungus. The hyphae ceased to grow when the infected callus was subcultured. A workable procedure was devised which enabled the hyphae to proliferate on a healthy tissue when diseased tissue was placed near it. Explants excised from either resistant or susceptible varieties could nurse the growth of the fungus, indicating that resistant genes may not be expressed in tissue culture. Histological studies revealed that the callus originated from mesophyll cells in leaf and parenchymatous cells of shoot apical tissue. Intercellular and intracellular hyphae were more concentrated in the peripheral layer of parenchymatous cells than in the meristemoid region. Carbohydrate callose accumulated on the hyphal walls and cell walls of the callus wherever hyphae were growing.

Genome plasticity during the acquisition of embryogenic competence

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Geri ◽  
Alessandra Turrini ◽  
Lucia Giorgetti ◽  
Elisa Nicoletti ◽  
Vittoria Nuti Ronchi
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Embryogenic Competence ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Slot Blot Analysis ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Hypocotyl explants from carrot and other species experience concomitant segregation events and differentiation of homeotic structures during the first 20 days of culture on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). In addition to these cyto-morphological changes, significant amounts of nuclear DNA are lost, the molecular details of which we investigate in this paper. We have developed a slot-blot analysis assay to study the DNA content of a series of carrot samples; besides the leaves, this survey ranged over different culture timepoints: hypocotyls, cell lines, and somatic embryo stages. We carried on to study the relationship between this DNA loss and sequence complexity modulation. Results from probing sequences that correspond to different degrees of complexity, such as medium repetitive and unique sequences as well as sequences belonging to both classes (ribosomal cistrons, ubiquitin, actin, and chalcone synthase), consistently manifested a reduction in DNA levels during the acquisition of embryogenic competence. In some cases, the cultured cells would contain only 10% of the gene copies observed in the reference tissues. Modulation trends also showed that DNA levels of most sequences recover at the torpedo-plantlet stage, which again correlates DNA modulation and the acquisition of embryogenic competence. These results suggest that similar DNA variations may occur in plants in vivo during meiosis, possibly so that meiotic division may be properly completed.Key words: Daucus carota L., DNA reduction, somatic embryogenesis, totipotency, commitment.

In Vitro Shoot Regeneration from Callus Derived from Marubakaido Apple Rootstock under Different Aluminium Concentrations

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 460e-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa F. de Oliveira ◽  
Gerson R. de L. Fortes ◽  
João B. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration

The aim of this work was to evaluate the organogenesis of Marubakaido apple rootstock under different aluminium concentratons. The explants were calli derived from apple internodes treated with either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or pichloram at 0.5 and 1.0 μM and under five different aluminium concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/L). These calli were then treated with aluminium at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L. It was observed shoot regeneration only for those calli previously treated with pichloram. There were no significant difference among the aluminium concentrations.

Characterization of the Reproductive Mode in Guayule In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 483a-483
Author(s):  
Roy N. Keys ◽  
Dennis T. Ray ◽  
David A. Dierig
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Reproductive Modes ◽  
Desert Southwest ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray, Asteraceae) is a latex-producing perennial desert shrub that is potentially of economic importance as an industrial crop for the desert Southwest. It is known to possess complex reproductive modes. Diploids are predominantly sexual and self-incompatible, while polyploids show a range of apomictic potential and self-compatibility. This paper describes the development of a relatively rapid and simple technique for characterizing reproductive modes of breeding lines of P. argentatum. Initial field experiments were based on an auxin test used successfully to characterize reproductive mode in the Poaceae. The application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid inhibited embryo formation in P. argentatum, but this was not the case with other auxins tested. Results of field experiments were ambiguous because: 1) the floral structure of P. argentatum is such that auxins might not have penetrated to the ovules, and 2) there was potential self-fertilization by pollen released within isolation bags. Therefore, in vitro culture of flower heads was tested because it provided much better control of environmental conditions, growth regulator application, and pollen release. Auxin alone, or in combination with gibberellic acid or kinetin, inhibited parthenogenesis in vitro. Embryo production did not vary using two substantially different nutrient media. In vitro flower head culture using a (Nitsch and Nitsch) liquid nutrient medium without growth regulators, enabled characterization of the reproductive mode of seven breeding lines, ranging from predominantly sexual to predominantly apomictic. The results of this technique were substantiated using RAPD analyzes of progeny arrays from controlled crosses.

The role of a metabolic intermediate in the biodegradation of inhibitory substrates

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mungkarndee ◽  
S. M. Rao Bhamidimarri ◽  
A. J. Mawson ◽  
R. Chong
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Product ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Mutual Inhibition ◽  
Metabolic Intermediate ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Ortho Cresol ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Biodegradation of the mixed inhibitory substrates, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and para-chloro-ortho-cresol (PCOC) was studied in aerobic batch cultures. Each substrate added beyond certain concentrations inhibited the degradation of the other. This mutual inhibition was found to be enhanced by 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) which is an intermediate metabolic product of 2,4-D. When 2,4-DCP accumulated to approximatelY 40 mg/l degradation of all compounds in the mixed 2,4-D and PCOC substrate system was completely inhibited. The degradation of 2,4-D and PCOC individually was also found to be inhibited by elevated concentrations of 2,4-DCP added externally, while PCOC inhibited the utilization of the intermediate.

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid through lactation induces astrogliosis in rat brain

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brusco ◽  
J. Pecci Saavedra ◽  
G. García ◽  
P. Tagliaferro ◽  
A. M. Evangelista de Duffard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
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