scholarly journals Factors affecting the potential increase rate (eλ, PIR), as defined by Hughes, in populations of Sitobion αvenαe (F.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Ρ. Lykouressis ◽  
Η.F. Υan Emden
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Table Analysis ◽  
Potential Population ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Potential Rate ◽  
Aphid Populations

The potential rate of increase (PIR), used in Hughes’ time-specific life table analysis for aphid populations as a multiplication factor for the instar-period was studied in popula(ions of Sitobion avenae (F.) in the absence and presence of the parasite Aphelinus abdominalis (Dalman) under controlled conditions. Two factors were mainly found to alter PIR values in the presence of parasites. These were the feeding preference of adult A. abdominalis for the first instar aphids and the prolonged instar duration of the third instar of aphids which had been parasitized by an adult parasite at the first instar. These two factors contributed to lower values of PIR and as a consequence to an underestimation of the expected (potential) population for the next instar-period

Influence of temperature on the development and reproduction of Cinara cedri (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Lachninae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yingchao Ji ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Chenggang Zhou ◽  
Shuyan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Cedrus Deodara ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Development Duration

Abstract Temperature is one of the main factors affecting insect growth, development and reproduction. The effects of temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C) on the development and reproduction of Cinara cedri Mimeur (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Lachnidae) fed on Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don were evaluated in this study. With the increase of temperature from 10 to 30°C, the development duration at different development stages gradually shortened. There was a significant positive correlation between the developmental rates and temperature, following a quadratic regression model. The lower developmental threshold temperature (C) and effective accumulated temperatures (K) for completing a generation were 4.13°C and 263.4 degree-days, respectively. The highest fecundity was observed at 20°C with 25.74 first-instar nymphs/female. Both the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r, 0.11 ± 0.03) and net reproduction rate (R0, 19.06 ± 2.05) were observed at 20°C, whereas the lowest values of r (0.05 ± 0.01) at 10°C and R0 (5.78 ± 0.88) at 30°C were observed. The results suggest that temperature significantly affects the biology of C. cedri and the optimal temperature for its development is 20°C.

Initial weight and virus dose: two factors affecting the onset of acute coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis in C57BL/6 mouse—a histopathology-based study

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghui Li ◽  
Xinggang Wang ◽  
Yuquan Xie ◽  
Yeqing Xie ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxsackievirus B3 ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Virus Dose ◽  
Two Factors

scholarly journals Using a Novel Grey DANP Model to Identify Interactions between Manufacturing and Logistics Industries in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Jiang ◽  
Yi-Chung Hu ◽  
Ghi-Feng Yen ◽  
Hang Jiang ◽  
Yu-Jing Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Logistics Industry ◽  
Influence Matrix ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Two Factors

As a crucial part of producer services, the logistics industry is highly dependent on the manufacturing industry. In general, the interactive development of the logistics and manufacturing industries is essential. Due to the existence of a certain degree of interdependence between any two factors, interaction between the two industries has produced a basis for measurement; identifying the key factors affecting the interaction between the manufacturing and logistics industries is a kind of decision problem in the field of multiple criteria decision making (MCDM). A hybrid MCDM method, DEMATEL-based ANP (DANP) is appropriate to solve this problem. However, DANP uses a direct influence matrix, which involves pairwise comparisons that may be more or less influenced by the respondents. Therefore, we propose a decision model, Grey DANP, which can automatically generate the direct influence matrix. Statistical data for the logistics and manufacturing industries in the China Statistical Yearbook (2006–2015) were used to identify the key factors for interaction between these two industries. The results showed that the key logistics criteria for interaction development are the total number of employees in the transport business, the volume of goods, and the total length of routes. The key manufacturing criteria for interaction development are the gross domestic product and the value added. Therefore, stakeholders should increase the number of employees in the transport industry and freight volumes. Also, the investment in infrastructure should be increased.

scholarly journals Response of Apple Trees (cv. Ibrahimi) to the Time of Foliar Application with Zinc and Boron

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 012048
Author(s):  
A N Hadi ◽  
S A A Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Media Culture ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Flower Traits ◽  
The Media ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Abstract The study was conducted in one of the private orchards in the Saqlawiya area - Fallujah during the 2020 growing season. The foliar spray was used to study the effect of the timing of foliar spraying (three sprays, the first at the beginning of flowering, second at the stage of full flowers blooming, and the third at the stage of petal fall), Presented with symbols (D1, D2 and D3), respectively. The second factor consisted of spraying with boron and zinc with the following concentrations (0,1, and 3 gm. L-1), mentioned as (S0, S1, S2, S3), respectively. these elements were used singly or in the form of a mixture with the same concentrations. This study aims to study the effect of the two factors on the growth and setting of apple trees, cv. Ibrahimi. Therefore, (36) five-year-old apple trees with homogeneous vegetative growth were selected as much as possible. The results revealed that foliar application with boron and zinc for the Ibrahimi apple trees improved the quality of the fruits and their vegetative and flowering traits. The results revealed that spraying with micronutrients at the stage of petal fall had a significant effect on flower traits and yield especially the media culture (M3) which presented the best results for the traits. The results revealed that spraying with micronutrients at the stage of petal fall had a significant effect on flower traits and yield especially the time (D3) which presented the best results for the traits (leaf area, Rate of increase in the length of the branches, Rate of increase in branch diameters, Fruits set Percentage, Percentage of fallen fruits and Percentage of remaining fruits, which reached (24.25cm2, 56.77cm, 0.42cm, 26.65%, 45.25%, 54.75%), respectively. On the other hand, spraying with micronutrients achieved significant effect, especially (S3), that gave the highest values for the traits (Rate of increase in branch diameters, Fruits set Percentage, Percentage of fallen fruits and Percentage of remaining fruits), which were (37.50 cm, 0.42%, 26.65%, and 46.71 gm L-1).

scholarly journals Impact of external factors on quality financial reporting: The case of Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Thuan Quoc Pham ◽  
Dao Xuan La
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Accounting Software ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Pressure Factor ◽  
Independent Audit

The objective of this study is to identify the major factors that impact on the quality of financial reporting and to suggest model of the factors affecting on the quality of financial reporting for Vietnamese enterprises . There are two factors group affecting on the quality of financial reporting: internal factors and external factors, this study is limited to the scope of the external factors. By using case studies, analytical results indicate that Tax Pressure factor has the greatest impact on the quality of financial reporting, the remaning factors include: Listed Securities, Accounting Software and Independent Audit. Two factors, Politics and Regulatory Environment have limited impact on the quality financial reporting.

Common features of the reservoir-associated seismic activities

1972 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh K. Gupta ◽  
B. K. Rastogi ◽  
Hari Narain
Keyword(s):  
Main Shock ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
B Values ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Tremor Frequency ◽  
Earthquake Sequences ◽  
Largest Aftershock ◽  
Frequency Magnitude

abstract A detailed examination of the behavior of earthquakes associated with over a dozen artificial lakes shows that, in all cases, the tremors were initiated or their frequency increased considerably following the lake filling and that their epicenters were mostly located within a distance of 25 km from the lakes. Among the factors affecting the tremor frequency are the rate of increase of water level, duration of loading, maximum levels reached, and the period for which the high levels are retained. The study of these reservoir-associated earthquake sequences reveals that the ratio of the largest aftershock to the main shock is high (about 0.9), and the b values are also high in the frequency-magnitude relation, which is contrary to the normal earthquakes of the concerned regions.

The Effect of Snow on Skis and How They Run1

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
K. B. E. E. Eimeleus
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
Daily Distance

This chapter shows how the quality of snow and its behavior are the most influential factors affecting a ski run. Both can change depending on the time of year and the weather. As such, a skier's speed and stamina are closely bound to these two factors. Snow and weather exert more influence than one might think: for example, in nice weather a good skier can cover from 80 to 100 versts in a day but in bad weather one's daily distance could be less. The chapter thus categorizes snow briefly as powdery, loose, granulated, thick-packed crust, thin-layer crust, floury, springtime, and waterlogged. Each of these can have varying effects on skis.

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