Sequential Kidney Exchange

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Ausubel ◽  
Thayer Morrill
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Incentive Compatibility ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Kidney Exchange ◽  
Basic Insight

The traditional literature on kidney exchange assumes that all components of the exchange must occur simultaneously. Unfortunately, the number of operating rooms required for concurrent surgeries poses a significant constraint on the beneficial exchanges that may be attained. The basic insight of this paper is that incentive compatibility does not require simultaneous exchange; rather, it requires that organ donation occurs no later than the associated organ receipt. Using sequential exchanges may relax the operating room constraint and thereby increase the number of beneficial exchanges. We show that most benefits of sequential exchange can be accomplished with only two concurrent operating rooms. (JEL D47, I11)

scholarly journals Design Opportunities to Reduce Waste in Operating Rooms

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2207
Author(s):  
Charlotte Harding ◽  
Joren Van Loon ◽  
Ingrid Moons ◽  
Gunter De Win ◽  
Els Du Bois
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Hospital Waste ◽  
Observation Results ◽  
Taking Care

While taking care of the population’s health, hospitals generate mountains of waste, which in turn causes a hazard to the environment of the population. The operating room is responsible for a disproportionately big amount of hospital waste. This research aims to investigate waste creation in the operating room in order to identify design opportunities to support waste reduction according to the circular economy. Eight observations and five expert interviews were conducted in a large sized hospital. The hospital’s waste infrastructure, management, and sterilization department were mapped out. Findings are that washable towels and operation instruments are reused; paper, cardboard, and specific fabric are being recycled; and (non-)hazardous medical waste is being incinerated. Observation results and literature findings are largely comparable, stating that covering sheets of the operation bed, sterile clothing, sterile packaging, and department-specific products are as well the most used and discarded. The research also identified two waste hotspots: the logistical packaging (tertiary, secondary, and primary) of products and incorrect sorting between hazardous and non-hazardous medical waste. Design opportunities include optimization of recycling and increased use of reusables. Reuse is the preferred method, more specifically by exploring the possibilities of reuse of textiles, consumables, and packaging.

scholarly journals Innovative Ventilation Technology for Operating Rooms

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Gruber ◽  
Sebastian Buhl ◽  
Clemens Bulitta
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Operating Theatre ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Bacterial Burden

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to evaluate the decontamination potential of the Potok system both in an experimental setting in a research Operating Room (OR) with standalone Air Decontamination Units (Potok 150-M-01) and in a clinical setting in a real operating theatre in Moscow. Our experiments showed an impact of the Potok units on the bacterial contamination of the room air according to the Swedish SIS-TS 39:2015 standard. For the initial measurements in our research OR in Weiden this could be shown by a decrease of the bacterial burden at all three different measurement points (OR table, instrumentation tray, periphery). Also the subsequently done measurements in the Moscow hospital verified this decontaminating effectivity of the Potok system. In this case the initial background contamination of the operating theatre was higher than in the research OR in Germany. This bacterial burden could be effectively decreased by the use of the installed Potok based ventilation system.

Simulation Modeling of the Operating Room Based on SIMIO

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 1162-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zheng ◽  
Sai Feng Chen ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Ze Qing Liu ◽  
Kai Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Simulation Platform ◽  
Rational Utilization ◽  
Model Case ◽  
Satisfactory Degree

Operating rooms (OR) is one of the most demanding department in hospital. OR’s process will directly influence the profits of hospital as well as the patients' satisfactory degree. On the condition of a complex cooperation of ORs with variations, simulation has its advantage on solving problems. From the perspective point of rational utilization of resources, the simulation modeling of OR in big hospital by a latest simulation platform – SIMIO is proposed. The modeling objects and the logic underline are studied, and a simulation model case is presented.

scholarly journals Description of healthcare professionals’ attitudes on patient safety in the Tunisian operating rooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Tlili ◽  
H Sayeh ◽  
W Aouicha ◽  
M Souki ◽  
E Taghouti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Safety ◽  
Work Units

Abstract Background Currently, ensuring surgical safety remain a worldwide challenge. The description of operating room professionals' attitudes toward patient safety in their work units helps to identify strengths and weaknesses in term of patient safety, allowing a clearer vision of the safety aspects that require special attention. This study aimed to describe healthcare professionals' attitudes on patient safety in the Tunisian operating rooms. Methods This is a cross-sectional descriptive study spread over a 6-month period (October-April 2018). It was conducted among healthcare professionals working in the operating rooms of the two teaching hospitals of Sousse (Tunisia). The measuring instrument used is the Operating Room Management Attitudes Questionnaire (ORMAQ), which consists of 60 items spread over 8 dimensions. The latter has been subjected to a transcultural validation process inspired from the Vallerand method. Data entry and analysis was done by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS.20) software. Results A total of 303 professionals participated in the study (participation rate= 76.13%). The most developed dimension was teamwork and the least developed was “Procedural errors/ compliance”. Items' results show that 94.8% of professionals confirmed that seniors should encourage medical and paramedical staff to ask questions, 53.5% of professionals stated that personal problems can adversely affect their performance and 87.5% agreed that operating rooms' team members share responsibilities for prioritizing activities in high workload situations. In addition, 50.9% of participants reported that the managers don't listen to staff or care about their concerns. Conclusions Operating rooms professionals' attitudes toward patient safety in their work units reflect an alarming situation regarding the quality of healthcare provided to patients. These results should be taken into consideration to guide future intervention on quality management improvement. Key messages Considering human factors is essential to improve safety in operating rooms and has an important role in reducing the occurrence of adverse events in these settings. It is important to study the underlying attitudes that determine the human factors for a better understanding and resolution of patient safety problems.

Coping among nurses of the operating room and recovery room

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 823
Author(s):  
Laura De Azevedo Guido ◽  
Estela Regina Ferraz Bianchi ◽  
Graciele Fernanda da Costa Linch
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Recovery Room ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Level Of Significance

Objective: to indentify the coping strategies used by nurses of the Operating Room and Recovery Room. Methods: this is a descriptive study, from quantitative approach. Data was collected by inventory of coping strategies of Lazarus and Folkman, which includes thoughts and actions used to deal with external or internal demands of a particular stressor, centralizing in the use of strategies for coping. The results were verified as statistically significant or not, stablishing the level of significance of 5%. Results: it was found that the confrontation and overcoming of stress in the workplace, converged for the pleasure and satisfaction of nurses. As the process is understood as an interactive model, in wich the relations between person and workplace interact constantly, it becomes evident that the adaptation of the human being to the different stress situations is necessary so that the adequate coping happens. Conclusion: it is concluded that the strategy used by nurses was more problem-solving and less used, the removal. Descriptors: stress; adaptation psychological; operating rooms.

Effect of C-Arm Year Model on Radiation Scatter

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Bakr ◽  
Saam Morshed ◽  
Meir Marmor
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Orthopaedic Trauma ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Radiation Scatter

Since the 1980’s C-arm fluoroscopy has been an integral part of orthopaedic trauma surgery. The advancement in C-arm technology has resulted in different generations of C-arms co-existing in the operating rooms. The purpose of this study was to compare the radiation scatter patterns of different generation C-arms. Three generation of C-arms were tested: GE OEC 9800 Plus (1999/2000), Siemens Arcadis Orbic 3D (2004), Philips BV Pulsera 2.3 (2008). Radiation scatter was measured using six real-time dosimetry badges set up on either side of the surgical table (Mizuho OSI, flat-top). Distance of C-arm was normalized at 20 in. and 10 in. from Image Intensifier. Each device was set to the automatic brightness control (ABC) setting. A phantom limb was irradiated for 120 s and radiation scatter was summed for both AP and lateral positions. At their typical operating room settings there was a reduction in radiation scatter using the newer generation C-arms. Results for total radiation, normalized to Philips, are as follows: Philips 1 (100%), GE 2.4 (240%), and Siemens 1.4 (140%). Newer generation C-arms can be expected to generate lower radiation scatter. Special care should be taken to attempt a lower dose setting, especially when utilizing older generation C-arms to minimize radiation scatter to practitioner.

The Gulf War: The Experience of a Department of Anesthesiology in the Management of Scud Missile Casualties

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaw Adu-Gyamfi
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
United States Military ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
The University ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Missile Attack ◽  
Main Operating

AbstractBackground:The pivotal role of anesthesiologists in the implementation of disaster plans is not widely appreciated.Objective:To describe the role of anesthesiologists as managers in the operating room (OR) especially during hospital disaster management.Methods:On 25 February 1991, King Fahd Hospital of the University in Eastern Saudi Arabia, was alerted, received, triaged, and treated the victims of a Scud missile attack on a United States military barracks which killed 28 and injured more than 100 service personnel.Results:There were 47 males and 15 females admitted to the hospital. Their initial triage categories of injuries were: 1) red, 23; 2) yellow, 27; and 3) green, 7. The flow of patients through the main operating rooms occurred in two peaks: 1) treated within nine hours (60%); and 2) during the next 11 hours (40%). A total 101 units of blood and blood products were consumed.The role of the Chief of Anesthesiology was vital in the dynamics of the situation regarding appropriate deployment of staff and ensuring an orderly throughput of victims in the operating room. He also was required to keep track of resources and supply levels in the operating room, so that he could advise the hospital administration appropriately.Conclusion:The successful management of a large multi-casualty incident, which involved use of the operating rooms, depended upon the efficient coordination of clearly defined functions with the Chief of Anesthesiology Service as the team leader.

scholarly journals A bacteriological evaluation of laminar-flow systems for orthopaedic surgery

1973 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Whyte ◽  
B. H. Shaw ◽  
R. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Flow Systems ◽  
Bacteriological Evaluation

SUMMARYAn evaluation has been undertaken of the efficiency of laminar-flow ventilation in operating-rooms in which conventional operating-room clothing was used. It has been demonstrated that velocities in the region of 0·3–0·4 m/sec. will give maximum returns for effort in both down-flow and cross-flow systems. At this velocity the laminar-flow system, in terms of airborne bacteria measured at the would site, was about 11 times more effients using horizontal air-flow and 35–90 times more efficient using vertical air-flow than a plenum-ventilated operating room.

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