Near versus Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of Chlorite Treated Forages and By-Products

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Grating Monochromator ◽  
By Products

The objective of this work was to explore the relative merits of near and mid-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in determining the composition of sodium chlorite treated forages and by-products. Sixteen feed-stuffs (174 total samples treated at one of 11 levels of sodium chlorite, 0 to 0.394 g per gram of feedstuff) were examined in the near and mid-infrared spectral regions using diffuse reflectance on a Fourier transform spectrometer, and in the near infrared region using a grating monochromator. Samples were scanned as is and as 5% sample in KBr on the Fourier spectrometer and as is on the grating monochromator. Samples were analysed chemically and spectroscopically for neutral and acid detergent fibre, in vitro digestibility, permanganate lignin, crude protein and lignin nitrobenzene oxidation products. Results showed that diffuse mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy can perform as well as, and sometimes better than, diffuse near infrared reflectance spectroscopy in determining the composition of chlorite-treated forages and by-products. In addition, Fourier near infrared spectroscopy did not perform as well as either near infrared using a grating monochromator or the Fourier mid-infrared spectrometer. Finally, diluting samples with KBr was often beneficial for mid-infrared based determinations.

Near- versus Mid-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for the Quantitative Determination of the Composition of Forages and By-Products

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
By Products

The objective of this work was to explore the relative value of near- and mid-infrared diffused reflectance spectroscopy in determining the composition of forages and by-products. Sixty-seven samples consisting of 15 alfalfa, 16 tall fescue and 15 orchard grass hays, 10 corn stovers and 11 wheat straws at various stages of maturity were examined by diffuse reflectance using a scanning monochromator (1100–2500 nm), a Fourier near infrared spectrometer (10,000–4000 cm−1, 4 and 16 cm−1 resolution, neat and 5% sample in KBr) and a Fourier mid-infrared spectrometer (4000–400 cm−1, 4 and 16 cm−1 resolution, neat and 5% sample in KBr). Samples were analysed chemically and spectroscopically for fibres, in vitro digestibility, crude protein, nitrobenzene oxidation products and various measures of lignin content. The results showed that diffuse mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy can perform as well as, and sometimes better than, diffuse near infrared spectroscopy in determining the composition of forages and by-products. In addition, Fourier near infrared spectroscopy did not perform as well as either near infrared using a scanning monochromator or the Fourier mid-infrared spectrometer. Finally, diluting samples with KBr was not beneficial for either Fourier based determinations. Additional work with more diverse data sets and various Fourier instrument configurations will be needed to further define the limits and usefulness of Fourier transform near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy in the determination of forage and by-product composition.

Ultraviolet-Visible, near Infrared and Mid Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Turquoise

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jagannatha Reddy ◽  
Ray L. Frost ◽  
Matt L. Weier ◽  
Wayde N. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Use of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy to Predict the Composition of Carcass Samples

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 107-107
Author(s):  
R. Sanderson ◽  
S.J. Lister ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Near infrared spectroscopy offers an alternative to wet chemical methods for determining the composition of a diverse range of materials. This physical method requires only a single instrument and although this can be expensive initially, the cost per sample analysed is relatively low when compared with many chemical methods. If it is to be applied in a quantitative way near infrared spectroscopy requires calibration against chemical methods, but once calibrated the instrument is simple to use and there are few operator-induced sources of error. The objective of this work was to evaluate near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) as a technique for assessing the composition of carcass samples from young steers.Seventy-one, approximately 9-month-old, British Friesian steers with live weights ranging from 106 to 265kg were slaughtered. The left half carcass (including the left kidney and kidney knob and channel fat) was retained, blast frozen and subsequently minced in the frozen state through a 10mm plate of a KS Mincemaster.

Improvement in Fourier Near- and Mid-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopic Calibrations through the Use of a Sample Transport Device

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 965-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Mir Spectra ◽  
Transport Device ◽  
By Products ◽  
Stationary Cell

The objective of this research was to determine whether diffuse reflectance calibrations using a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) could be improved by increasing the scanned sample area. A linear motion sample transport (TRANSCELL) was attached to the FTS, which increased the area scanned from 2 mm in diameter (stationary cell or STATCELL) to 2 × 50 mm. Sodium chlorite-treated forages and by-products ( N = 174) were scanned in the near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) with the use of the TRANSCELL and STATCELL. Samples were analyzed for fiber, digestibility, lignin, protein, and lignin nitrobenzene oxidation products (NOPs). Overall, the best results for fiber, lignin, and digestibility were achieved by using MIR spectra and the TRANSCELL. Results in the NIR (FTS) with the use of the TRANSCELL were also improved over those obtained with the STATCELL. While the TRANSCELL was an improvement over the STATCELL for Fourier NIR analysis of NOPs, in the MIR, results for NOPs were about equal for the TRANSCELL and STATCELL. In conclusion, the use of a TRANSCELL can improve calibrations from Fourier transform spectrometers, although the degree of improvement depends on the spectral region and specific calibration under study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document