scholarly journals Studies on the Enzyme Immunoassay of Bio-active Constituents in Oriental Medicinal Drugs. VI. Enzyme Immunoassay of Ginsenoside Rb1 from Panax ginseng.

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matao KANAOKA ◽  
Hiromi KATO ◽  
Fumie SHIMADA ◽  
Saburo YANO
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Ginsenoside Rb1 ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Medicinal Drugs

scholarly journals Studies on the enzyme immunoassay of bio-active constituents contained in oriental medicinal drugs. II. Enzyme immunoassay of glycyrrhizin.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1866-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATAO KANAOKA ◽  
SABURO YANO ◽  
HIROMI KATO ◽  
NAOKO NAKANO ◽  
EIKO KINOSHITA
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Medicinal Drugs

Ginsenoside Rb1, A Major Saponin from Panax ginseng, Exerts Protective Effects Against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (08) ◽  
pp. 1815-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Ren ◽  
Jing Leng ◽  
Xing-Yue Xu ◽  
Shuang Jiang ◽  
Ying-Ping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ginsenoside Rb1 ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Acute liver injury (ALI) induced by acetaminophen (APAP) is the main cause of drug-induced liver injury. Previous reports indicated liver failure could be alleviated by saponins (ginsenosides) from Panax ginseng against APAP-induced inflammatory responses in vivo. However, validation towards ginsenoside Rb1 as a major and marker saponin may protect liver from APAP-induced ALI and its mechanisms are poorly elucidated. In this study, the protective effects and the latent mechanisms of Rb1 action against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity were investigated. Rb1 was administered orally with 10[Formula: see text]mg/kg and 20[Formula: see text]mg/kg daily for 1 week before a single injection of APAP (250[Formula: see text]mg/kg, i.p.) 1[Formula: see text]h after the last treatment of Rb1. Serum alanine/aspartate aminotransferases (ALT/AST), liver glutathione (GSH) depletion, as well as the inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] (TNF-[Formula: see text]), interleukin-1[Formula: see text] (IL-1[Formula: see text]), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), were analyzed to indicate the underlying protective effects of Rb1 against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity with significant inflammatory responses. Histological examination further proved Rb1’s protective effects. Importantly, Rb1 mitigated the changes in the phosphorylation of MAPK and PI3K/Akt, as well as its downstream factor NF-[Formula: see text]B. In conclusion, experimental data clearly demonstrated that Rb1 exhibited a remarkable liver protective effect against APAP-induced ALI, partly through regulating MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways-mediated inflammatory responses.

scholarly journals Panax ginseng-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Facilitate Anti-Senescence Effects in Human Skin Cells: An Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Way to Use Ginseng Substances

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Eun-Gyung Cho ◽  
Suh-Yeon Choi ◽  
Hyoseon Kim ◽  
Eun-Jeong Choi ◽  
Eun-Jeong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Human Skin Cells

Ginseng is a traditional herbal medicine in eastern Asian countries. Most active constituents in ginseng are prepared via fermentation or organic acid pretreatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by most organisms from prokaryotes to eukaryotes and play central roles in intra- and inter-species communications. Plants produce EVs upon exposure to microbes; however, their direct functions and utility for human health are barely known, except for being proposed as delivery vehicles. In this study, we isolated EVs from ginseng roots (GrEVs) or the culture supernatants of ginseng cells (GcEVs) derived from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and investigated their biological effects on human skin cells. GrEV or GcEV treatments improved the replicative senescent or senescence-associated pigmented phenotypes of human dermal fibroblasts or ultraviolet B radiation-treated human melanocytes, respectively, by downregulating senescence-associated molecules and/or melanogenesis-related proteins. Based on comprehensive lipidomic analysis using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, the lipidomic profile of GrEVs differed from that of the parental root extracts, showing significant increases in 70 of 188 identified lipid species and prominent increases in diacylglycerols, some phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylcholine), and sphingomyelin, revealing their unique vesicular properties. Therefore, our results imply that GEVs represent a novel type of bioactive and sustainable nanomaterials that can be applied to human tissues for improving tissue conditions and targeted delivery of active constituents.

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