scholarly journals TATA-less Mouse Vitronectin Gene Promoter: Characterization of the Transcriptional Regulatory Elements and a Nuclear Protein Binding Site on the Promoter.

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori Miyamoto ◽  
Kaori Hara ◽  
Yoshiko Matsumoto ◽  
Masao Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Protein Binding Site ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Elements ◽  
Promoter Characterization ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory

scholarly journals A novel myogenic regulatory circuit controls slow/cardiac troponin C gene transcription in skeletal muscle.

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1870-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Parmacek ◽  
H S Ip ◽  
F Jung ◽  
T Shen ◽  
J F Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Elements ◽  
Cardiac Troponin C ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Skeletal Myotubes ◽  
Myod Expression

The slow/cardiac troponin C (cTnC) gene is expressed in three distinct striated muscle lineages: cardiac myocytes, embryonic fast skeletal myotubes, and adult slow skeletal myocytes. We have reported previously that cTnC gene expression in cardiac muscle is regulated by a cardiac-specific promoter/enhancer located in the 5' flanking region of the gene (bp -124 to +1). In this report, we demonstrate that the cTnC gene contains a second distinct and independent transcriptional enhancer which is located in the first intron. This second enhancer is skeletal myotube specific and is developmentally up-regulated during the differentiation of myoblasts to myotubes. This enhancer contains three functionally important nuclear protein binding sites: a CACCC box, a MEF-2 binding site, and a previously undescribed nuclear protein binding site, designated MEF-3, which is also present in a large number of skeletal muscle-specific transcriptional enhancers. Unlike most skeletal muscle-specific transcriptional regulatory elements, the cTnC enhancer does not contain a consensus binding site (CANNTG) for the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors and does not directly bind MyoD-E12 protein complexes. Despite these findings, the cTnC enhancer can be transactivated by overexpression of the myogenic bHLH proteins, MyoD and myogenin, in C3H10T1/2 (10T1/2) cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated changes in the patterns of MEF-2, CACCC, and MEF-3 DNA binding activities following the conversion of 10T1/2 cells into myoblasts and myotubes by stable transfection with a MyoD expression vector. In particular, MEF-2 binding activity was up-regulated in 10T1/2 cells stably transfected with a MyoD expression vector only after these cells fused and differentiated into skeletal myotubes. Taken together, these results demonstrated that distinct lineage-specific transcriptional regulatory elements control the expression of a single myofibrillar protein gene in fast skeletal and cardiac muscle. In addition, they show that bHLH transcription factors can indirectly transactivate the expression of some muscle-specific genes.

A novel myogenic regulatory circuit controls slow/cardiac troponin C gene transcription in skeletal muscle

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1870-1885
Author(s):  
M S Parmacek ◽  
H S Ip ◽  
F Jung ◽  
T Shen ◽  
J F Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Elements ◽  
Cardiac Troponin C ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Skeletal Myotubes ◽  
Myod Expression

The slow/cardiac troponin C (cTnC) gene is expressed in three distinct striated muscle lineages: cardiac myocytes, embryonic fast skeletal myotubes, and adult slow skeletal myocytes. We have reported previously that cTnC gene expression in cardiac muscle is regulated by a cardiac-specific promoter/enhancer located in the 5' flanking region of the gene (bp -124 to +1). In this report, we demonstrate that the cTnC gene contains a second distinct and independent transcriptional enhancer which is located in the first intron. This second enhancer is skeletal myotube specific and is developmentally up-regulated during the differentiation of myoblasts to myotubes. This enhancer contains three functionally important nuclear protein binding sites: a CACCC box, a MEF-2 binding site, and a previously undescribed nuclear protein binding site, designated MEF-3, which is also present in a large number of skeletal muscle-specific transcriptional enhancers. Unlike most skeletal muscle-specific transcriptional regulatory elements, the cTnC enhancer does not contain a consensus binding site (CANNTG) for the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors and does not directly bind MyoD-E12 protein complexes. Despite these findings, the cTnC enhancer can be transactivated by overexpression of the myogenic bHLH proteins, MyoD and myogenin, in C3H10T1/2 (10T1/2) cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated changes in the patterns of MEF-2, CACCC, and MEF-3 DNA binding activities following the conversion of 10T1/2 cells into myoblasts and myotubes by stable transfection with a MyoD expression vector. In particular, MEF-2 binding activity was up-regulated in 10T1/2 cells stably transfected with a MyoD expression vector only after these cells fused and differentiated into skeletal myotubes. Taken together, these results demonstrated that distinct lineage-specific transcriptional regulatory elements control the expression of a single myofibrillar protein gene in fast skeletal and cardiac muscle. In addition, they show that bHLH transcription factors can indirectly transactivate the expression of some muscle-specific genes.

scholarly journals Characterization of Transcriptional Regulatory Elements in the Promoter Region of the Murine Blood Coagulation Factor VII Gene

1998 ◽  
Vol 273 (4) ◽  
pp. 2277-2287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Stauffer ◽  
Beatrice N. Chukwumezie ◽  
Julie A. Wilberding ◽  
Elliot D. Rosen ◽  
Francis J. Castellino
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Elements ◽  
Coagulation Factor Vii ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory

scholarly journals Organization of the 3′-boundary of the chicken α globin gene domain and characterization of a CR 1-specific protein binding site

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Farache ◽  
Sergey V. Razin ◽  
Félix Recillas Targa ◽  
Klaus Scherrer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Protein Binding Site ◽  
Globin Gene Domain
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