scholarly journals A multi-body human model for rear-impact simulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Himmetoglu ◽  
M Acar ◽  
K Bouazza-Marouf ◽  
A Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Head Restraint ◽  
Impact Simulation ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Rear Impact ◽  
Multi Body

This paper presents the validation of a 50th-percentile male multi-body human model specifically developed for rear-impact simulation. The aim is to develop a biofidelic model with the simplest architecture that can simulate the interaction of the human body with the seat during rear impact. The model was validated using the head-and-neck and torso responses of seven volunteers from the Japanese Automobile Research Institute sled tests, which were performed at an impact speed of 8km/h with a rigid seat and without head restraint and seat belt. The results indicate that the human-body model can effectively mimic the rear-impact response of a 50th-percentile male with a good level of accuracy and has the potential to predict whiplash injury.

An Enhanced Articulated Human Body Model Under C4 Blast Loadings

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. G. Tan ◽  
R. Kannan ◽  
Andrzej J. Przekwas ◽  
Kyle Ott ◽  
Tim Harrigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Boundary Treatment ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Human Body Surface ◽  
Multi Body

Previously we had developed an articulated human body model to simulate the kinematic response to the external loadings, using CFDRC’s CoBi implicit multi-body solver. The anatomy-based human body model can accurately account for the surface loadings and surface interactions with the environment. A study is conducted to calibrate the joint properties (for instance, the joint rotational damping) of the articulated human body by comparing its response with those obtained from the PMHS test under moderate loading conditions. Additional adjustments in the input parameters also include the contact spring constants for joint stops at different joint locations. By comparing the computational results with the real scenarios, we fine tune these input parameters and further improve the accuracy of the articulated human body model. In order to simulate the effect of a C4 explosion on a human body in the open field, we employ a CFD model with a good resolution and the appropriate boundary treatment to obtain the blast loading condition on the human body surface more accurately. The numerical results of the blast simulation are shown to be comparable to the test data. With the interface to apply the blast pressure loading from the CFD simulation on the articulated human body surface, the articulated human body dynamics due to the C4 explosions are modeled and the simulation results are shown to be physiological reasonable.

Innovative Active Head Restraint System in a Car: Safety Assessment with Virtual Human Body Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Vychytil ◽  
Jana Hlucha ◽  
Ludek Kovar ◽  
Martina Kostikova ◽  
Pavlina Moravcova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Virtual Human ◽  
Restraint System ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Head Restraint ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Car Safety

scholarly journals Numerical Tests of the Virtual Human Model Response Under Dynamic Load Conditions Defined in Federal Aviation Regulation Part 23.562 and 25.562 – Preliminary Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-530
Author(s):  
Lukasz Lindstedt ◽  
Jan Vychytil ◽  
Tomasz Dziewonski ◽  
Ludek Hyncik
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Body Model

Abstract The main aim of the presented research was to check mechanical response of human body model under loads that can occur during airplane accidents and compare results of analysis with some results of experimental tests described in literature. In simulations, new multi-purpose human body model, the VIRTHUMAN, was used. The whole model, as well as its particular segments, was earlier validated based on experimental data, which proved its accuracy to simulate human body dynamic response under condition typical for car crashes, but it was not validated for loads with predominant vertical component (loads acting along spinal column), typical for airplane crashes. Due to limitation of available experimental data, the authors focused on conducting calculations for the case introduced in 14 CFR: Parts 23.562 and 25.562, paragraph (b)(1), knowing as the 60° pitch test. The analysis consists in comparison of compression load measured in lumbar section of spine of the FAA HIII Dummy (experimental model) and in the Virthuman (numerical model). The performed analyses show numerical stability of the model and satisfactory agreement between experimental data and simulated Virthuman responses. In that sense, the Virthuman model, although originally developed for automotive analyses, shows also great potential to become valuable tool for applications in aviation crashworthiness and safety analyses, as well.

Numerical human body model to predict human shoulder impact response

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. S161-S162
Author(s):  
P.A. Forbes ◽  
D.S. Cronin ◽  
Y.C. Deng
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model

scholarly journals Analysis of individual differences in pelvic and spine alignment in seated posture and impact on the seatbelt kinematics using human body model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254120
Author(s):  
Norihiro Nishida ◽  
Tomohiro Izumiyama ◽  
Ryusuke Asahi ◽  
Fei Jiang ◽  
Junji Ohgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Posterior Tilt ◽  
Human Body Models ◽  
The Impact

Analysis using human body models has been performed to reduce the impact of accidents; however, no analysis has shown a relationship between lumbar and pelvic/spine angle and seat belts in reducing human damage from accidents. Lumbar and pelvic/spine angles were measured in 75 individuals and the measurements were used to create three different angles for the Total Human Model for Safety model. In the present study, we focused on lumber lordosis (LL) and pelvic angle (PA). A normal distribution and histogram were used for analysis of PA (01, 10, and 50). The Total Human Model for Safety, including LL and PA, was corrected using finite element software. Simulations were conducted under the conditions of the Japan New Car Assessment Programme (JNCAP) 56 kph full lap frontal impact. Using the results of the FEM, the amount of lap-belt cranial sliding-up, anterior movement of the pelvis, posterior tilt of the pelvis, head injury criterion (HIC), second cervical vertebrae (C2) compressive load, C2 moment, chest deflectiou (upper, middle, and lower), left and right femur load, and shoulder belt force were measured. The lap-belt cranial sliding-up was 1.91 and 2.37 for PA10 and PA01, respectively, compared to PA50; the anterior movement of the pelvis was 1.08 and 1.12 for PA10 and PA01, respectively; and the posterior tilt of the pelvis was 1.1 and 1.18 for PA10 and PA01, respectively. HIC was 1.13 for PA10 and 1.58 for PA01; there was no difference in C2 compressive load by PA, but C2 moment increased to 1.59 for PA10 and 2.72 for PA01. It was found that as LL increases and the PA decreases, the seat belt becomes likely to catch the iliac bone, making it harder to cause injury. This study could help to reconsider the safe seat and seatbelt position in the future.

A mixed human body modeling method based on 3D body scanning for clothing industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaixuan Liu ◽  
Jianping Wang ◽  
Chun Zhu ◽  
Edwin Kamalha ◽  
Yan Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Forward Modeling ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Clothing Industry ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Human Body Modeling ◽  
Digital Human

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a relatively simple and rapid method to create a digital human model (DHM) to serve clothing industry. Design/methodology/approach Human body’s point cloud is divided into hands, foots, head and torso. Then forward modeling method is used to model hands and foots, photo modeling method is used to model head and reverse modeling method is used to model torso. After that, hands, foots, head and torso are integrated together to get a static avatar. Next, virtual skeleton is bound to the avatar. Finally, a lifelike digital human body model is created by the mixed modeling method (MMM). Findings In allusion to the defect of the three-dimension original data of human body, this paper presented an MMM, with which we can get a realistic digital human body model with accurate body dimensions. The DHM can well meet the needs of fashion industry. Practical implications The DHM, which is got by the MMM, can be well applied in the field of virtual try on, virtual fashion design, virtual fashion show and so on. Originality/value The originality of the paper lies in the integration of forward modeling, reverse modeling and photo modeling to present a novel method of human body modeling.

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