Microactuator based on electroplated permanent magnets and flexible polydimethyl siloxane diaphragm

2008 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Su ◽  
H Wang ◽  
W Chen
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Maximum Deflection ◽  
Polydimethyl Siloxane ◽  
Flexible Membrane ◽  
Microelectromechanical System ◽  
Planar Coil ◽  
A Current

The design, fabrication, and testing of a novel bidirectional magnetic microactuator were presented in the paper. The microactuator is composed of an integrated planar coil and a flexible polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) diaphragm with embedded CoNiMnP-based permanent magnet arrays. There is a 7 × 7 array of magnets in a unit. The PDMS diaphragm is 2 mm × mm × 40 μm and the magnet post is 50 × 50 × 20 μm. Computer simulation was applied to verify the geometrical parameters. Electroplating under external magnetic field is carried out to improve the magnetic properties of the electroplated magnet, including coercivity, remanence and magnetic energy, and so on. The measured maximum coercivity, remanence and maximum magnetic energy were 2623 Oe (208.73 kA/m), 0.2 T (2000 G), and 10.15 kJ/m3 with the magnetic post, respectively. Moreover, and the deflection of the PDMS membrane is proportional to the exciting current. In a case of 0.35 A current, the maximum deflection of the membrane is 45 μm. Adjusting the electroplating mould results in the variation of the electroplated structure, thus the calibration of the microactuator. Due to the biomedical compatibility and simplicity of the fabrication, the flexible membrane-based microactuator is potential to be used as micropump and optical switch, the microelectromechanical system applications.

Genetic algorithm application for optimization of geometry of synchronous electric motor with permanent magnets by criterion of electromagnetic torque

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
I. N. Belezyakov ◽  
K. G. Arakancev
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Evolutionary Optimization ◽  
Electric Machines ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Electromagnetic Torque ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Optimization Of Geometry

At present time there is a need to develop a methodology for electric motors design which will ensure the optimality of their geometrical parameters according to one or a set of criterias. With the growth of computer calculating power it becomes possible to develop methods based on numerical methods for electric machines computing. The article describes method of a singlecriterion evolutionary optimization of synchronous electric machines with permanent magnets taking into account the given restrictions on the overall dimensions and characteristics of structural materials. The described approach is based on applying of a genetic algorithm for carrying out evolutionary optimization of geometric parameters of a given configuration of electric motor. Optimization criteria may be different, but in automatic control systems high requirements are imposed to electromagnetic torque electric machine produces. During genetic algorithm work it optimizes given geometric parameters of the electric motor according to the criterion of its torque value, which is being calculated using finite element method.

scholarly journals Design of a 3-RPR Flexure System for Optical Switch Assembly

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Guiyue Kou ◽  
Mouyou Lin ◽  
Changbao Chu
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Assembly System ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Compact Size

In the MEMS optical switch assembly, the collision is likely to happen between the optical fiber and the U-groove of the chip due to the uncontrollable assembly errors. However, these errors can hardly be completely eliminated by the active control using high precision sensors and actuators. It will cause the large acting force and part damage, which further leads to the assembly failure. To solve this question, this paper presents a novel low-cost three-degree-of-freedom (three-DOF) passive flexure system to adaptively eliminate the planar assembly errors. The flexure system adopts three parallel kinematic chains with a novel 3-RPR structure and has a compact size with a diameter of 125 mm and thickness of 12 mm. A novel eddy current damper with the structure of Halbach array permanent magnets (PMs) is utilized to suppress the adverse mechanical vibration of the assembly system from the background disturbances. Analytical models are established to analyze the kinematic, static, and dynamic performances of the system in detail. Finally, finite element analysis is adopted to verify the established models for optimum design. The flexure system can generate a large deformation of 1.02 mm along the two translational directions and 0.02° along the rotational direction below the yield state of the material, and it has much higher natural frequencies than 200 Hz. Moreover, the large damping force means that the designed ECD can suppress the system vibration quickly. The above results indicate the excellent characteristics of the assembly system that will be applied into the optical switch assembly.

Design of a novel passive flexure-based mechanism for microelectromechanical system optical switch assembly

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 125113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbin Zhang ◽  
Xiantao Sun ◽  
Weihai Chen ◽  
Wenjie Chen ◽  
Lusha Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Switch ◽  
Microelectromechanical System

Performance Prediction of Inertial Auto-Reinforce Magnetic Flywheel Energy Storage Device Using Finite Element Magnetic Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Ahmad Radikal Akbar ◽  
Mokhtar Awang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Energy Storage Device ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
Magnetic Modeling

A new feature for flywheel energy storage device is proposed considering the deficiencies in former technology. This feature is introduced as auto-reinforce performance which means giving-back the kinetic energy for flywheel after speed-down occurred (as result of sudden loading). Auto-reinforce performance is an ability to recover the kinetic rotational energy which significantly keeps longer the stored energy of a flywheel device. This novel concept of flywheel is engineered by installing a number of Permanent Magnets (PM) in certain mounting. Hence, the magnetism configuration such magnetic strength, magnetic energy density, pole direction, geometry, and dimension are influential parameters to the mechanical performance. By practicing Finite Element Magnetic Modeling (FEMM), it is possible to predict some designed mechanical parameters such magnetic force and magnetic torque. Finally by evaluating these mechanical parameters, the key performance of this device such as percentage of energy reinforcement and percentage of discharge elongation can be predicted. The main ideas of this paper are: 1) presenting the development stages especially in design prediction using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software; and 2) discovering the correlation of designed magnetic properties and mechanical parameters for prototyping references.

scholarly journals Designing and analyzing two non-invasive current sensors using Ampere Force Law (AFL)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Current Sensor ◽  
Single Wire ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ampere Force ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Current Sensors ◽  
A Current

Here two different non-invasive current sensors are proposed, modeled and analyzed. The current sensors are based on the Ampere Force Law (AFL), defining the magnetic force between two parallel wire carrying currents. These current sensors can be used for detecting/sensing DC and AC currents as well as their combination in a single wire or multiple wires, and they do not rely on any permanent magnets for operation. In the first configuration, there are two microbeams, in which one of them is at the vicinity of the wire and undergoes the mechanical vibrations due to the magnetic force between the wire and the microbeam. The movement of the microbeam while it is generating a magnetic field induces a current inside another microbeam, which is stationary, as the output signal of the current sensor. In the second configuration, a single composite piezoelectric microbeam is used. The magnetic force between the wire and the piezoelectric microbeam leads the piezoelectric microbeam to move, thus it produces a voltage. Both configurations present extremely low power consumption, which is not dependent on the sensitivity of the current sensors. The dynamic response, sensitivity and power consumption of the current sensors are investigated, compared and discussed.

scholarly journals Procedure for selecting optimal geometric parameters of the rotor for a traction non-partitioned permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8 (114)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Borys Liubarskyi ◽  
Dmytro Iakunin ◽  
Oleh Nikonov ◽  
Dmytro Liubarskyi ◽  
Vladyslav Vasenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Synchronous Reluctance Motor ◽  
Reluctance Motor ◽  
Electromagnetic Momentum ◽  
Conditional Optimization ◽  
Angle Of Rotation

This paper reports the construction of a mathematical model for determining the electromagnetic momentum of a synchronous reluctance motor with non-partitioned permanent magnets. Underlying it is the calculation of the engine magnetic field using the finite-element method in the flat-parallel problem statement. The model has been implemented in the FEMM finite-element analysis environment. The model makes it possible to determine the engine's electromagnetic momentum for various rotor geometries. The problem of conditional optimization of the synchronous reluctance motor rotor was stated on the basis of the rotor geometric criteria. As an analysis problem, it is proposed to use a mathematical model of the engine's magnetic field. Constraints for geometric and strength indicators have been defined. The Nelder-Mead method was chosen as the optimization technique. The synthesis of geometrical parameters of the synchronous reluctance motor rotor with non-partitioned permanent magnets has been proposed on the basis of solving the problem of conditional optimization. The restrictions that are imposed on optimization parameters have been defined. Based on the study results, the dependence of limiting the angle of rotation of the magnet was established on the basis of strength calculations. According to the calculation results based on the proposed procedure, it is determined that the optimal distance from the interpole axis and the angle of rotation of magnets is at a limit established by the strength of the rotor structure. Based on the calculations, the value of the objective function decreased by 24.4 % (from −847 Nm to −1054 Nm), which makes it possible to significantly increase the electromagnetic momentum only with the help of the optimal arrangement of magnets on the engine rotor. The results of solving the problem of synthesizing the rotor parameters for a trolleybus traction motor helped determine the optimal geometrical parameters for arranging permanent magnets.

Plasmonic analog of electromagnetically-induced transparency of asymmetrical slots waveguide

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 1650045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Sun ◽  
Jicheng Wang ◽  
Zheng-Da Hu ◽  
Xiaosai Wang ◽  
Jing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Optical Computing ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguides ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Line Theory ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
Induced Transparency

In this paper, electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) phenomena have been investigated numerically in the plasmonic waveguides composed of unsymmetrical slot shaped metal–insulator–metal (MIM) structures. By the transmission line theory and Fabry–Perot model, the formation and evolution mechanisms of plasmon-induced transparency were exactly analyzed. The analysis showed that the peak of EIT-like transmission could be changed easily according to certain rules by adjusting the geometrical parameters of the slot structures, including the coupling distances and slot depths. We can find a new method to design nanoscale optical switch, devices in optical storage and optical computing.

Generalized Thermal Design Model for Comb-Capacitor MEMS Devices Fabricated by Bonding-DRIE Process: A Preliminary Framework

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 1103-1106
Author(s):  
Han Sun ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Da Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Problem ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
High Heat Flux ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Microelectromechanical System ◽  
Temperature Increment ◽  
Mems Fabrication

Bonding-deep reaction ion etching (DRIE) is a standard microelectromechanical system (MEMS) fabrication technique, especially for widely-applied comb-capacitor microdevices. Being the key structure in the comb-capacitor devices, long and narrow suspended beams suffer a serious heat transfer problem during their releasing in the fabrication because of the high heat flux input and the large thermal resistance. Temperature increment of the micro beam in the DRIE releasing, especially in the unavoidable over etching stage, may cause serious problem, even lead to a failed etch. This work introduced a generalized thermal design model to estimate the possible temperature increment of microstructure in DRIE. The preliminary results indicated that this model was able to capture the basic trend of temperature variation with the geometrical parameters in a comb-capacitor MEMS device during its DRIE releasing.

scholarly journals Dynamical Magnetic Energy Release of Current Loops in the Corona: Effects of Toroidal Forces

1989 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-296
Author(s):  
James Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Energy Release ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Current Loop ◽  
Magnetic Current ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Current ◽  
Magnetic Energy Release

AbstractWe discuss a mechanism whereby a current loop embedded in plasmas such as the solar and stellar coronae can dissipate magnetic energy without resistive effects or reconnection. This mechanism arises from the motion of magnetic/current structures driven by “toroidal forces”. Using a simple model loop, we show that it can exhibit a wide range of motion with correspondingly wide range of magnetic energy dissipation rates. For example, a loop with ~20G can attain expansion velocities of ~1200km s–1 under solar coronal conditions, dissipating ~1032erg in a few tens of minutes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document