scholarly journals Modulating offspring responses: concerted effects of stress and immunogenic challenge in the parental generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (17) ◽  
pp. jeb219386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio Giayetto ◽  
Emiliano A. Videla ◽  
Pablo Chacana ◽  
Cristian Jaime ◽  
Raúl H. Marín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Immune Challenge ◽  
Prenatally Exposed ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Specific Humoral Response

ABSTRACTThe perception, processing and response to environmental challenges involves the activation of the immuno-neuroendocrine (INE) interplay. Concerted environmental challenges might induce trade-off when resource allocation to one trait occurs at the expense of another, also producing potential transgenerational effects in the offspring. We evaluated whether concerted challenges, in the form of an immune inoculum against inactivated Salmonella enteritidis (immune challenge, ICH) and a chronic heat stress (CHS) exposure on adult Japanese quail, modulate the INE responses of the parental generation and their offspring. Adults were inoculated and later exposed to a CHS along nine consecutive days. For the last 5 days of the CHS, eggs were collected for incubation. Chicks were identified according to their parental treatments and remained undisturbed. Induced inflammatory response, heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio and specific humoral response against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were evaluated in both generations. Regardless of the ICH, stressed adults showed a reduced inflammatory response and an elevated H/L ratio compared with controls. In offspring, the inflammatory response was elevated and the specific SRBC antibody titres were diminished in those chicks prenatally exposed to CHS, regardless of the ICH. No differences were found in the H/L ratio of the offspring. Together, our results suggest that CHS exposure influences the INE interplay of adult quail, establishing trade-offs within their immune system. Moreover, CHS not only affected parental INE responses but also modulated their offspring INE responses, probably affecting their potential to respond to future challenges. The adaptability of the developmental programming of offspring would depend on the environment encountered.

Specific humoral response and effect on rectal temperature of two clostridial vaccines in lambs

2011 ◽  
Vol 168 (17) ◽  
pp. 458-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cervino ◽  
L. Figueras ◽  
S. Martin ◽  
L. Elvira ◽  
M. Callus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Specific Humoral Response

scholarly journals Specific humoral response in cancer patients treated with a VEGF-specific active immunotherapy procedure within a compassionate use program

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Sánchez Ramírez ◽  
◽  
Yanelys Morera Díaz ◽  
Mónica Bequet-Romero ◽  
Francisco Hernández-Bernal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Active Immunotherapy ◽  
Compassionate Use ◽  
Specific Active Immunotherapy ◽  
Specific Humoral Response

scholarly journals The expression of an intraspecific aggressive reaction in the face of a stressor agent alters the immune response in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Barreto-Medeiros ◽  
E. G. Feitoza ◽  
K. Magalhães ◽  
R. R. da Silva ◽  
F. M. Manhães-de-Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Aggressive Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
The Face ◽  
Intraspecific Aggressiveness ◽  
Specific Humoral Response

The repercussion on the immune response of the expression of intraspecific aggressiveness in the face of a stressor agent was investigated in rats. Ninety-day-old animals were divided into three groups: the control group (only immunological measurements were performed), the foot-shock (FS) (animals individually receiving FS), and the intraspecific aggressive response (IAR) group (animals receiving FS and presenting IAR). For immunological measurements, blood samples were collected promptly at 7 and 15 days after FS or IAR. The FS reduced the total leukocyte amount presented. However, aggressiveness triggered not only reduction of the leukocytes, but also lymphocyte decrease and neutrophil increase. Moreover, an elevation in total leukocytes associated with an increase in the humoral immune response was also observed one week after IAR. In this study, the expression of intraspecific aggressiveness in the face of a stressor seemed to activate the immune system and to potentiate the antigen specific humoral response.

scholarly journals Activation of an inflammatory response is context-dependent during early development of the California sea lion

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 150108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Vera-Massieu ◽  
Patrick M. Brock ◽  
Carlos Godínez-Reyes ◽  
Karina Acevedo-Whitehouse
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Current Infection ◽  
Circulating Levels

Variations in immune function can arise owing to trade-offs, that is, the allocation of limited resources among costly competing physiological functions. Nevertheless, there is little information regarding the ontogeny of the immune system within an ecological context, and it is still unknown whether development affects the way in which resources are allocated to different immune effectors. We investigated changes in the inflammatory response during early development of the California sea lion ( Zalophus californianus ) and examined its association with body condition, as a proxy for the availability of energetic resources. We found that the relationship between inflammation and body condition varied according to developmental stage and circulating levels of leucocyte populations, a proxy for current infection. Body condition was related to the magnitude of the inflammatory response during two of the three developmental periods assessed, allowing for the possibility that the availability of pup energetic reserves can limit immune function. For older pups, the ability to mount an inflammatory response was related to their circulating levels of neutrophils and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, implying that the infection status of an individual will influence its ability to respond to a new challenge. Our results suggest that trade-offs may occur within the immune system and highlight the importance of taking into account ontogeny in ecoimmunological studies.

scholarly journals Transfusion of 28-day-old leucoreduced or non-leucoreduced stored red blood cells induces an inflammatory response in healthy dogs

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Callan ◽  
R. T. Patel ◽  
A. H. Rux ◽  
S. Bandyopadhyay ◽  
A. N. Sireci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Healthy Dogs

scholarly journals Describing and Visualizing a Water–Energy–Food Nexus System

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiko Endo ◽  
Terukazu Kumazawa ◽  
Michinori Kimura ◽  
Makoto Yamada ◽  
Takaaki Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Domain Ontology ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Ontology Engineering ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Future Challenges

The objective of this study is to describe a target water–energy–food (WEF) nexus domain world including causal linkages and trade-off relationships between WEF resources and their stakeholders, and to develop a WEF nexus system map as an interdisciplinary tool used for understanding the subsequent complexity of WEF nexus systems. An ontology engineering method, which is a qualitative method, was applied for the replicability of the WEF nexus domain ontology and the map, because ontology engineering is a method of semantic web development for enhancing the compatibility of qualitative descriptions logically or objectively. The WEF nexus system map has three underlying concepts: (1) systems thinking, (2) holistic thinking, and (3) an integrated approach at an operational level, according to the hypothesis that the chains of changes in linkages between water, energy, and food resources holistically and systemically affect the WEF nexus system, including natural and social systems, both temporally and spatially. This study is significant because it allows us to (1) develop the WEF nexus domain ontology database, including defining the concepts and sub-concepts of trade-offs relating to WEF for the replicability of this study; (2) integrate the qualitative ontology method and quantitative network analysis method to identify key concepts serving as linkage hubs in the WEF nexus domain ontology; and (3) visualize human–nature interactions such as linkages between water, energy, and food resources and their stakeholders in social and natural systems. This paper also discusses future challenges in the application of the map for a science–policy–society interface.

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