Differentiation of the yolk-sac endoderm under the influence of the digestive-tract mesenchyme

Development ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-289
Author(s):  
Tohru Masui
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Intestinal Type ◽  
Area Vasculosa ◽  
Self Differentiation ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Endodermal Cells ◽  
Area Pellucida

To reveal differentiation potency of yolk-sac endoderm, this tissue from quail embryos was cultured alone or in association with digestive-tract mesenchymes of chick embryos. When yolk-sac endoderm was cultured alone in vitro, the endoderm of the area vitellina differentiated into the yolk-sac parenchyma, but the endoderm of the extraembryonic area pellucida (EEAP) failed to differentiate into yolk-sac parenchyma, and the endoderm of the area vasculosa became necrotic. When endoderm of the area vitellina was cultured in association with digestive-tract mesenchymes, all the endodermal cells developed into yolk-sac parenchymal cells after two days. Later, basophilic cells appeared among them, and differentiated into both mesenchymespecific epithelia and intestinal-type epithelium with a striated border, and villi were also formed. Goblet cells appeared in all types of recombinations. The endoderm of the EEAP cultured with digestive-tract mesenchymes gave similar results to that of the area vitellina. In contrast, endoderm of the area vasculosa, when cultured with digestive-tract mesenchymes,became necrotic. The present investigation demonstrated that the endoderms of the area vitellina and of the EEAP differ in self-differentiation potency, and that their developmental fates can be modified by the influence of digestive-tract mesenchymes. These endoderms can differentiate into the mesenchyme-specific epithelia, though they often differentiate also into the intestinal-type epithelium.

scholarly journals The effect of chemical treatments of albumin and orosomucoid on rate of clearance from the rat bloodstream and rate of pinocytic capture of rat yolk sac cultured in vitro

1977 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
A T Moore ◽  
K E Williams ◽  
J B Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Albumin Preparation ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Albumin Molecule

Portions of a 125I-iodinated bovine serum albumin preparation were exposed to freezing, acetic acid (pH 3.5, 3.0 or 2.5), urea or formaldehyde, and the effect of these treatments on the rates of pinocytic uptake by yolk sacs from 17.5-day-pregnant rats cultured in vitro and of clearance from the rat bloodstream were studied. Uptake of albumin by the yolk sac was followed by rapid release of [125I]iodo-L-tyrosine into the culture medium. Similarly clearance of albumin in vivo was accompanied by the appearance of trichloroacetic acid-soluble radioactivity in the bloodstream. In both systems the rates of uptake of modified albumin preparations formed a series: formaldehyde or urea greater than acetic acid greater than freezing. The increased rates of uptake of modified albumin preparations could not be ascribed to the formation of aggregates nor, in the yolk-sac system, to an increase in the rate of pinosome formation. It is concluded that the various treatments to which the albumin was subjected increase to varying degrees the affinity of the albumin molecule for binding sites on that region of the plasma membrane from which pinocytic vesicles are formed. Some comparable experiments with native and desialylated human orosomucoid indicate that the rat yolk-sac epithelial cells do not possess the recognition system for uptake of asialoglycoproteins that exists on the surface of hepatic parenchymal cells.

The influence of the area opaca on the development of the young chick embryo

Development ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-212
Author(s):  
Ruth Bellairs ◽  
D. R. Bromham ◽  
C. C. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Vitelline Membrane ◽  
Young Chick ◽  
Chick Blastoderm ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Peripheral Cells ◽  
Area Pellucida

The area opaca of the chick blastoderm is generally regarded as being merely the primordium of the yolk sac. Thus it might be expected that during the early stages of development its role would be essentially to grow and to differentiate, rather than to exert any influence on the development of the area pellucida. Such a view would be supported by the fact that pieces of the area pellucida can differentiate in the absence of the area opaca if they are isolated on the chorioallantoic membrane (Rawles, 1936) or in vitro (de Haan, 1964). There are, however, reasons for enquiring whether the area opaca does exert some influence on the area pellucida. The first is that New (1959) has demonstrated that the blastoderm is normally under tension, and that this tension is produced by the peripheral cells of the area opaca which adhere to the inner surface of the vitelline membrane.

scholarly journals Intestinal cyto differentiation in vitro of chick stomach endoderm induced by the duodenal mesenchyme

Development ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-176
Author(s):  
Atsuko Ishizuya-Oka ◽  
Takeo Mizuno
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Self Differentiation

The inductive action of duodenal mesenchyme on the cytodifferentiation of stomach endoderm in chick embryos was investigated in vitro with electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. Morphologically undifferentiated endoderm of the stomach of a 4-day embryo could differentiate only into a mucous secretory epithelium when cultured in the absence of mesenchyme. However, when cultivated in recombination with 6-day duodenal mesenchyme, most cells of 4-day stomach endoderm differentiated into intestinal absorptive cells possessing striated border and sucrase, and goblet cells, but not into stomach-type mucous secretory cells. In contrast, when 4-day stomach endoderm was cultured recombined with mesenchyme of embryonic digestive organs other than intestine, none of the stomach endoderm cells differentiated into intestinal epithelial cells. The competence of stomach endoderm for intestinal cytodifferentiation decreased rapidly with development, but remained until relatively later stages in the gizzard region. The present investigation demonstrates that duodenal mesenchyme can induce stomach endoderm, which has acquired the potency for self-differentiation into stomach-type epithelium, to cytodifferentiate into intestinal epithelium.

scholarly journals In vitro differentiation of Runx3−/–p53−/–gastric epithelial cells into intestinal type cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Fukamachi ◽  
Ayako Mimata ◽  
Issei Tanaka ◽  
Kosei Ito ◽  
Yoshiaki Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Type ◽  
Gastric Epithelial Cells ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation

scholarly journals In vitro Studies on PGC or PGC-Like Cells in Cultured Yolk Sac Cells and Embryonic Stem Cells of the Mouse.

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichiro NAKAGAWA ◽  
Sakura SABURI ◽  
Keitaro YAMANOUCHI ◽  
Hideaki TOJO ◽  
Chikashi TACHI
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Yolk Sac Cells

scholarly journals HIGH-YIELD PREPARATION OF ISOLATED RAT LIVER PARENCHYMAL CELLS

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Berry ◽  
D. S. Friend
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Nylon Mesh ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

A new technique employing continuous recirculating perfusion of the rat liver in situ, shaking of the liver in buffer in vitro, and filtration of the tissue through nylon mesh, results in the conversion of about 50% of the liver into intact, isolated parenchymal cells. The perfusion media consist of: (a) calcium-free Hanks' solution containing 0.05% collagenase and 0.10% hyaluronidase, and (b) magnesium and calcium-free Hanks' solution containing 2 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetate. Biochemical and morphologic studies indicate that the isolated cells are viable. They respire in a medium containing calcium ions, synthesize glucose from lactate, are impermeable to inulin, do not stain with trypan blue, and retain their structural integrity. Electron microscopy of biopsies taken during and after perfusion reveals that desmosomes are quickly cleaved. Hemidesmosome-containing areas of the cell membrane invaginate and appear to pinch off and migrate centrally. Tight and gap junctions, however, persist on the intact, isolated cells, retaining small segments of cytoplasm from formerly apposing parenchymal cells. Cells which do not retain tight and gap junctions display swelling of Golgi vacuoles and vacuoles in the peripheral cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic vacuolization in a small percentage of cells and potassium loss are the only indications of cell injury detected. By other parameters measured, the isolated cells are comparable to normal hepatic parenchymal cells in situ in appearance and function.

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