Teratogenic Effects of Trypan Blue on Amphibian Embryos

Development ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
C. H. Waddington ◽  
M. M. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Vital Dye ◽  
Amphibian Embryos ◽  
Mammalian Embryos

Considerable interest has been aroused by the report of Gillman, Gilbert, Gillman, & Spence (1948) that the vital dye trypan blue when injected into the pregnant rat brings about the appearance of various abnormalities in the offspring. The mammal embryo is notoriously difficult to attack experimentally, and trypan blue therefore seems to provide a valuable tool which, moreover, might throw light on the mechanisms of the important effects which are known in some cases to be produced on the foetus by pathological states in the mother. Further studies on the effects of injected trypan blue on mammalian embryos have therefore been made by Hamburgh (1952, 1954), Waddington & Carter (1952, 1953), and Murakami and his collaborators (1952, 1954), all of whom worked on the mouse, and by Harm (1954) who studied the rabbit. All these authors agree, on the whole, in the type of results which they have obtained, although there are some minor differences between their reports which will be considered later.

The Effects of Trypan Blue on Chick Embryos Cultured in vitro

Development ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Leela Mulherkar
Keyword(s):  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Cent Solution ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Vital Dye ◽  
Amphibian Embryos ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rats And Mice

Various malformations in rats and mice have been observed to be caused by administration of the vital dye, Trypan blue (Gillman, Gilbert, Gillman, & Spence, 1948; Fox & Goss, 1956, 1957; Hamburgh, 1952, 1954; Waddington & Carter, 1952, 1953). Recently Waddington & Perry (1956) reported a teratogenic effect of Trypan blue on Amphibian embryos. The present paper deals with the effects of this dye on cultured chick embryos. Hen's eggs were incubated at 38°C. to the desired stage of development. Cultures were set up according to the ring technique described by New (1955). Precautions to maintain sterile conditions were observed throughout. An aqueous 1 per cent, solution of Gurr's vital Trypan blue was diluted with Pannett Compton saline to 0·05 per cent., which had been found to be a suitable concentration. A few drops of the dye solution were placed on the upper surface of the treated blastoderms.

Trypan Blue Vital Dye Staining vs TUNEL Technique to Detect Corneal Endothelium Toxic Effects

2014 ◽  
Vol 132 (12) ◽  
pp. 1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sertan Goktas ◽  
Yasar Sakarya ◽  
Rabia Sakarya
Keyword(s):  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Vital Dye ◽  
Dye Staining

COMPARISON OF TERATOGENIC CHEMICALS IN THE RAT AND CHICK EMBRYOS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-714
Author(s):  
M. Lois Murphy ◽  
C. P. Dagg ◽  
David A. Karnofsky
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Rat Fetus ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Teratogenic Action ◽  
Mammalian Embryos ◽  
Noxious Chemicals ◽  
Relationship Of

THE CHICK EMBRYO is used widely in studying drugs for teratogenic activity. Chemicals, which have been injected at the same period of incubation of the chick embryo, may produce separate and characteristic patterns of developmental abnormalities. The effects of many drugs, such as insulin, azaserine, sulfanilamide, 4-aminopteroyl glutamic acid, 8-azaguanine, physostigmine, thallium, lead, boric acid and cortisone, have been reviewed. The chick embryo in the egg is an isolated and independent system, whereas mammalian embryos are usually intimately involved with the maternal host which may detoxify, excrete or otherwise protect the fetus against noxious chemicals. It was, therefore, of interest to determine the effects of drugs, teratogenic in the chick embryo, on the mammalian fetus. The rat was selected because of its availability and because there is considerable information on rat embryology and teratology. Because some drugs, apparently inactive in the chick embryo, have produced consistent developmental abnormalities in the rat fetus, the pregnant rat also has been used for the initial study of selected compounds. The objectives of these studies were: 1) to determine and compare the teratogenic action of drugs on the chick and rat embryos; 2) to determine the consistency and specificity of action of each drug; 3) to determine the relation between the time during gestation when a drug is introduced and the occurrence of specific abnormalities; 4) to determine the relationship of the dose of a drug toxic to the mother, the dose toxic to the embryo, and the dose producing consistent developmental defects, and 5) to detect compounds which protect the embryo from the teratogenic action of a chemical.

scholarly journals Novel use of trypan blue in ocular surface staining: redefining implications for this vital dye

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 408-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Ambrósio Jr. ◽  
Habeeb Ahmad ◽  
Diogo Caldas ◽  
Ana Laura Caiado Canedo ◽  
Bruno Valbon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Vital Dye ◽  
Surface Staining

scholarly journals Comparison of wash-out properties after use of the vital dye trypan blue in the form of an ophthalmic dye and bound in a sodium hyaluronate by Raman spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas F. Borkenstein ◽  
Eva-Maria Borkenstein ◽  
Johannes Rattenberger ◽  
Harald Fitzek ◽  
Achim Langenbucher
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Vital Dye

Congenital anomalies in the pig: Teratogenic effects of trypan blue

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens G. Rosenkrantz ◽  
Frank P. Lynch ◽  
Warren W. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Teratogenic Effects

Ultrastructure of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) nephrocytes

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 922-923
Author(s):  
Kathleen S. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Insect Order ◽  
Vital Dye ◽  
Pericardial Cells

Nephrocytes are endocytotic cells that exist in distinct groups at fixed sites within the body cavity of arthropods. They can be identified by their uptake of the vital dye, Trypan blue. The only types of nephrocyte that have been described in the insect order Lepidoptera are the pericardial cells, which have been described in many species, and the cells of the unusual “organe rameux” of Bombyx mori.

Chemically stimulated differentiation of post-nodal pieces of chick blastoderms

Development ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
S. P. S. Chauhan ◽  
K. Vasudeva Rao
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Amphibian Embryos

Earlier studies on the role of sulfhydryl (–SH) groups in morphogenesis have indicated that in chick and amphibian embryos, an –SH-containing substance can act as an inducing stimulus in the action of the primary organizer. Thus, blocking –SH groups by chloroacetophenone (CAP) has specific developmental effects and the inducing capacity of the Hensen's node is affected (Lakshmi, 1962 a, b). Reversal of the effects of –SH block by cysteine indicated that whatever is blocked by the –SH inhibitor is restored by cysteine (Mulherkar, Rao & Joshi, 1965; Mulherkar, Rao, Joshi & Joshi, 1966). It appears, however, that not all –SH-containing substances can reverse the effect of –SH block by CAP. Thus the teratogenic effects of CAP could not be ameliorated by a subsequent treatment with cysteamine, a decarboxylation product of cysteine, while CAP and cysteamine mixed in equimolar proportions had no effect on development (Rao, 1969).

CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS IN TRYPAN BLUE INDUCED TERATOGENESIS IN MICE

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Joneja ◽  
S. Ungthavorn
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Embryonic Cells ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Direct Causal Relationship ◽  
Abnormal Cells ◽  
Chromosome Bridges

Pregnant Swiss mice were injected with trypan blue on the 9th day of gestation. Analyses of anaphase-telophases revealed a high incidence of mitotic irregularities such as chromosome bridges, fragments or both, in the embryos. As a result of chromosomal rearrangements followed by mitotic aberrations, karyotypically abnormal cells were formed in the embryos and they had a relatively higher incidence of such abnormal cells than the untreated controls. This study does not suggest any direct causal relationship between chromosomal lesions induced and the teratogenic effects of trypan blue. However, it is possible that these aberrations are factors affecting the viability and proliferative capacities of the embryonic cells.

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