Chemically stimulated differentiation of post-nodal pieces of chick blastoderms

Development ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
S. P. S. Chauhan ◽  
K. Vasudeva Rao
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Amphibian Embryos

Earlier studies on the role of sulfhydryl (–SH) groups in morphogenesis have indicated that in chick and amphibian embryos, an –SH-containing substance can act as an inducing stimulus in the action of the primary organizer. Thus, blocking –SH groups by chloroacetophenone (CAP) has specific developmental effects and the inducing capacity of the Hensen's node is affected (Lakshmi, 1962 a, b). Reversal of the effects of –SH block by cysteine indicated that whatever is blocked by the –SH inhibitor is restored by cysteine (Mulherkar, Rao & Joshi, 1965; Mulherkar, Rao, Joshi & Joshi, 1966). It appears, however, that not all –SH-containing substances can reverse the effect of –SH block by CAP. Thus the teratogenic effects of CAP could not be ameliorated by a subsequent treatment with cysteamine, a decarboxylation product of cysteine, while CAP and cysteamine mixed in equimolar proportions had no effect on development (Rao, 1969).

scholarly journals The search for new materials and the role of novel processing routes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wellmann
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
European Council ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Human History ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Novel Processing

AbstractThroughout human history, most further developments or new achievements were accompanied by new materials or new processes that enabled the technologic progress. With concrete devices and applications in mind, synthesis and subsequent treatment of materials naturally went along with the progress. The aim of the underlying article is to spot the role of optimization, of discovery, of trial-and-error approaches, of fundamentals and curiosity driven design and development. In a consecutive examination, five missions addressing the challenges facing our world (identified by the European Council) will be cross linked with seven topical areas from materials science defined by the European Materials Research Society. The scope of this examination is to identify approaches and methods to further develop and innovate materials which form the basis of the anticipated solutions.

Music Therapy for Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Cancer

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Reid
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Music Therapist

Receiving a cancer diagnosis and undergoing the subsequent treatment challenges coping and equilibrium for children and adolescents and their families. This chapter describes how music therapists work with children, adolescents, and family members in cancer care contexts. A range of musical experiences can provide adjunct support to medical treatments to support coping, reduce distress, and provide comfort. The music therapist works as a member of the interdisciplinary team to provide opportunities fornormaland fun musical experiences to support the experience of hospitalization, as well as offering comfort and support for children in pain or distress. Research evidence supports the role of the music therapist in providing effective services with children and adolescents in cancer care.

Teratogenic Effects of Trypan Blue on Amphibian Embryos

Development ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
C. H. Waddington ◽  
M. M. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Vital Dye ◽  
Amphibian Embryos ◽  
Mammalian Embryos

Considerable interest has been aroused by the report of Gillman, Gilbert, Gillman, & Spence (1948) that the vital dye trypan blue when injected into the pregnant rat brings about the appearance of various abnormalities in the offspring. The mammal embryo is notoriously difficult to attack experimentally, and trypan blue therefore seems to provide a valuable tool which, moreover, might throw light on the mechanisms of the important effects which are known in some cases to be produced on the foetus by pathological states in the mother. Further studies on the effects of injected trypan blue on mammalian embryos have therefore been made by Hamburgh (1952, 1954), Waddington & Carter (1952, 1953), and Murakami and his collaborators (1952, 1954), all of whom worked on the mouse, and by Harm (1954) who studied the rabbit. All these authors agree, on the whole, in the type of results which they have obtained, although there are some minor differences between their reports which will be considered later.

9. Explaining youth crime and youth justice

Criminology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Case ◽  
Phil Johnson ◽  
David Manlow ◽  
Roger Smith ◽  
Kate Williams
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Youth Crime ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Childhood And Youth ◽  
Crime And Delinquency ◽  
Offending Behaviour ◽  
Over Time

This chapter deals with youth crime and youth justice: offending behaviour committed by children and young people and their subsequent treatment in the justice system. It considers the argument for a bespoke understanding and response to youth and crime as distinct from offending behaviour committed by adults. The discussion begins by looking at how the concepts of ‘childhood’ and ‘youth’ have been theorised and socially constructed over time. The chapter then examines how youth crime and ‘delinquency’ have been explained in individualised, developmental, and agentic terms; how young people may grow into crime, with particular emphasis on the role of culture in deviance; and the link between radicalisation and youth crime. It also describes the dominant formal responses to youth crime before concluding with an overview of progressive, contemporary approaches to delivering youth justice/responding to youth crime, namely, diversion and positive youth justice.

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