scholarly journals p75-deficient embryonic dorsal root sensory and neonatal sympathetic neurons display a decreased sensitivity to NGF

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.F. Lee ◽  
A.M. Davies ◽  
R. Jaenisch
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Neurotrophin Receptor ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Response Specificity

To understand the role of low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75 in neural development, we previously generated mice carrying a null mutation in the p75 locus (Lee, K. F., Li, E., Huber, L. J., Landis, S. C., Sharpe, A. H., Chao, M. V. and Jaenisch, R. (1992) Cell 69, 737–749). To elucidate the mechanisms leading to deficits in the peripheral nervous system in p75 mutant mice, we have employed dissociated cultures to examine the responses of p75-deficient dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons to different neurotrophins. We found that p75-deficient DRG and SCG neurons displayed a 2- to 3-fold decreased sensitivity to NGF at embryonic day 15 (E15) and postnatal day 3 (P3), respectively, ages that coincide with the peak of naturally occurring cell death. Furthermore, while p75-deficient E15 DRG neurons did not change their response specificity to BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4/5, P3 SCG neurons became more responsive to NT-3 at higher concentrations (nanomolar ranges). These results may help explain the deficits in the peripheral nervous system in p75 mutant mice and provide evidence that p75 can modulate neurotrophin sensitivity in some neurons.

scholarly journals Changes in peripheral nervous system at participants of accident consequences elimination in Chernobyl APP and population of the Tomsk northern industrial center

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Ya. V. Porovsky ◽  
V. I. Zhankova ◽  
A. I. Ryzhov ◽  
Ye. V. Kalyanov ◽  
F. F. Tetenev
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Radiochemical Plant ◽  
Chemical Complex ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Industrial Center ◽  
Sensory Polyneuropathy ◽  
Siberian Chemical

A clinical, electroneuromyographic (ENMG) and pathomorphological investigation of 19 eliminators of accident consequences (EAC) in Chernobyl APP in 1986 and 27 Tomsk region inhabitants living in the accident area that has taken place at radiochemical plant of Siberian Chemical Complex in 1993 has been made with the aim of the influence study of low ionizing radiation levels on the peripheral nervous system. Symptoms of sensory polyneuropathy prevailed in both groups clinically. Mixed affection type has been found at EAC by ENGM method, affection of myelinic nerve fibre membrane has been found at people living in accident trace area. Morphofunctional changes in skin allow considering the role of immune system in mechanisms of neuroglial and neuronal damages, distant by time.

scholarly journals Nervous system injury in alcoholic disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2S) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
O. E. Zinovyeva ◽  
N. V. Vashchenko ◽  
O. E. Mozgovaya ◽  
T. A. Yanakaeva ◽  
A. Yu. Emelyanova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Alcoholic Disease

The paper considers various variants of nervous system injury in alcoholic disease. It discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and clinical manifestations of central and peripheral nervous system lesions in the presence of acute and chronic alcohol intoxication. Attention is paid to the issues of etiotropic, pathogenetic, and symptomatic treatment for neurological manifestations of alcoholic disease and to the role of neurotropic B vitamins in the treatment of alcohol-induced deficiency and non-deficiency states.

The role of NGF in the peripheral nervous system

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (1,2) ◽  
pp. 97-98
Author(s):  
Jack Diamond ◽  
Sandra Lourenssen ◽  
Yvonne Kril ◽  
Jim Fawcett ◽  
Andrew Gloster
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System

Prenatal and postnatal requirements of NT-3 for sympathetic neuroblast survival and innervation of specific targets

Development ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. ElShamy ◽  
S. Linnarsson ◽  
K.F. Lee ◽  
R. Jaenisch ◽  
P. Ernfors
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Normal Complement ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Neurotrophin 3 ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Functional Copy

Postnatal homozygous neurotrophin-3 mutant mice display a loss of about half the sympathetic superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons (Ernfors, P., Lee, K.-F., Kucera, J. and Jaenisch, R. (1994a) Cell 77, 503–512; Farinas, I., Jones, K. R., Backus, C., Wang, X. Y. and Reichardt, L. F. (1994) Nature 369, 658–661). We found that this loss is caused by excessive apoptosis of sympathetic neuroblasts leading to a failure to generate a normal number of neurons during neurogenesis. NT-3 was also found to be required postnatally. In Nt-3−/− mice, sympathetic fibers failed to invade pineal gland and external ear postnatally; whereas other targets of the external and internal carotid nerves, including the submandibular gland and the iris, displayed a normal complement of sympathetic innervation. Sympathetic fibers of mice carrying one functional copy of the Nt-3 gene (Nt-3+/− mice) invaded the pineal gland, but failed to branch and form a ground plexus. Cultured neonatal sympathetic neurons responded to NT-3 by neurite outgrowth and mRNA upregulation of the NT-3 receptor, trkC. Exogenously administered NT-3 promoted sympathetic growth and rescued the sympathetic target deficit of the mutant mice. We conclude that NT-3 is required for the survival of sympathetic neuroblasts during neurogenesis and for sympathetic innervation and branching in specific targets after birth.

Nox, Nox, Are You There? The Role of NADPH Oxidases in the Peripheral Nervous System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A Eid ◽  
Masha G. Savelieff ◽  
Assaad Antoine Eid ◽  
Eva L Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Nadph Oxidases
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