Changes in transcellular ionic currents associated with polar lobe formation in embryos of Bithynia

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-459
Author(s):  
D. Zivkovic ◽  
R. Dohmen
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Currents ◽  
Vibrating Probe ◽  
Polar Lobe ◽  
Probe Technique

Using the vibrating probe technique, we have measured currents ranging from 0.05 to 3.00mAcm-2 around polar-

Quasi-simultaneous measurements of ionic currents by vibrating probe and pH distribution by ion-selective microelectrode

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Lamaka ◽  
M. Taryba ◽  
M.F. Montemor ◽  
H.S. Isaacs ◽  
M.G.S. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Currents ◽  
Vibrating Probe ◽  
Ph Distribution ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements

The Vibrating Probe Technique in the Study of Root Physiology Under Stress

2011 ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Pandolfi ◽  
Sergio Mugnai ◽  
Elisa Azzarello ◽  
Elisa Masi ◽  
Susanna Pollastri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrating Probe ◽  
Probe Technique ◽  
Root Physiology

A New Technique to Measure the Level of Interest Using Heartbeat-Evoked Brain Potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Kohei Fuseda ◽  
Jun’ichi Katayama
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Overt Response ◽  
Brain Potential ◽  
Probe Technique ◽  
Dynamic Stimuli ◽  
Attentional Resources ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Task Irrelevant

Abstract. Interest is a positive emotion related to attention. The event-related brain potential (ERP) probe technique is a useful method to evaluate the level of interest in dynamic stimuli. However, even in the irrelevant probe technique, the probe is presented as a physical stimulus and steals the observer’s attentional resources, although no overt response is required. Therefore, the probe might become a problematic distractor, preventing deep immersion of participants. Heartbeat-evoked brain potential (HEP) is a brain activity, time-locked to a cardiac event. No probe is required to obtain HEP data. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether the HEP can be used to evaluate the level of interest. Twenty-four participants (12 males and 12 females) watched attractive and unattractive individuals of the opposite sex in interesting and uninteresting videos (7 min each), respectively. We performed two techniques each for both the interesting and the uninteresting videos: the ERP probe and the HEP techniques. In the former, somatosensory stimuli were presented as task-irrelevant probes while participants watched videos: frequent (80%) and infrequent (20%) stimuli were presented at each wrist in random order. In the latter, participants watched videos without the probe. The P2 amplitude in response to the somatosensory probe was smaller and the positive wave amplitudes of HEP were larger while watching the videos of attractive individuals than while watching the videos of unattractive ones. These results indicate that the HEP technique is a useful method to evaluate the level of interest without an external probe stimulus.

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