scholarly journals The effect of pH and organic ester penetration enhancers on skin permeation kinetics of terbutaline sulfate from pseudolatex-type transdermal delivery systems through mouse and human cadaver skins

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. E167-E173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalatendu Panigrahi ◽  
Snigdha Pattnaik ◽  
Saroj K. Ghosal
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Penetration Enhancers ◽  
Human Cadaver ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Terbutaline Sulfate ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Permeation Kinetics

scholarly journals The Effect of Penetration Enhancers on Permeation Kinetics of Nitrendipine in Two Different Skin Models

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1766-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashu Mittal ◽  
Udai Vir Singh Sara ◽  
Asgar Ali ◽  
Mohammed Aqil
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Enhancers ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Permeation Kinetics

scholarly journals Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Kumar Harwansh ◽  
Kartik Chandra Patra ◽  
Surendra Kumar Pareta ◽  
Jagadish Singh ◽  
Mohammed Akhlaquer Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Human Cadaver ◽  
Permeation Enhancers ◽  
Brij 35 ◽  
Human Cadaver Skin ◽  
Cadaver Skin ◽  
Span 80

The present investigation aims to evaluate an isotropic and thermodynamically stable nanoemulsion formulation for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin (GZ), with minimum surfactant and cosurfactant (Smix) concentrations that could improve its solubility, permeation enhancement, and stability. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were developed and various nanoemulsion formulations were prepared using soyabean oil as oil, Span 80, Brij 35 as a surfactant and isopropyl alcohol as a cosurfactant. Nanoemulsion formulations that passed the thermodynamic stability tests were characterized for pH, viscosity and droplet size using a transmission electron microscopy. The transdermal ability of glycyrrhizin through human cadaver skin was determined using Franz diffusion cells. The in vitro skin permeation profile of the optimized nanoemulsion formulation (NE2) was compared to that of conventional gel. A significant increase in permeability parameters such as steady-state flux (Jss) and permeability coefficient (Kp) was observed in the optimized nanoemulsion formulation (NE2), which consisted of 1% wt/wt of mono ammonium glycyrrhizinate (MAG), 32.4% Span 80, 3.7% Brij 35, 10% isopropyl alcohol, 46.5% soyabean oil and 6.4% distilled water. No obvious skin irritation was observed for the studied nanoemulsion formulation (NE2) or the gel. The results indicated that nanoemulsions are promising vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin through human cadaver skin, without the use of additional permeation enhancers, because excipients of nanoemulsions act as permeation enhancers themselves.

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