Investigation of water surface treatments in DES simulations and their effects on outer bank cell production in river bends

Enhancing scour protection in river bends: a novel slotted bank-attached vane

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2020.116 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 2175-2184

Author(s):

Mohamad Azizipour ◽

Farshid Amirsalari Meymani ◽

Mohammad Mahmoodian Shooshtari

Keyword(s):

Effective Area ◽

Local Scour ◽

Flume Experiments ◽

Rectangular Slot ◽

Outer Bank ◽

Scour Hole ◽

Submerged Vane ◽

River Bends ◽

Scour Protection ◽

Control Erosion

Abstract One of the most effective approaches for bank control erosion is using bank-attached vanes. In spite of the superiority of the bank-attached vanes to spur dikes, the vanes' tips are still vulnerable to local scour caused by flow–structure interaction. In this study, slotted bank-attached vanes are proposed to reduce local scour at the tip of the triangular submerged vane. For this, a rectangular slot is created parallel to the chord of the vane with an area of ten percent of the effective area of the vane surface. Two types of conventional vanes and slotted vanes were installed at different angles of attack of 23, 30, 40 and 60 degrees in an arch flume. Experiments were carried out in clear water conditions with different flow regimes with Froude numbers of Fr = 0.287, 0.304 and 0.322. The results show that the slotted vane outperforms the conventional vane by reducing maximum scour depth by about 70, 20, 17 and 54 percent for different angles of attack of 23, 30, 40 and 60 degrees, respectively. The proposed slotted vane also resulted in reduction of scour hole volume around the vane and formed the scour hole away from the outer bank.

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The effect of warm water surface treatments on the fatigue life in shear of aluminum joints

International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives ◽

10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2004.10.005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 199-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

P.R. Underhill ◽

A.N. Rider ◽

D.L. DuQuesnay

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Life ◽

Water Surface ◽

Surface Treatments ◽

Warm Water

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Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010008170x ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 168-169

Author(s):

K. T. Tokuyasu

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Water Surface ◽

Thin Layers ◽

The Other ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Frozen Sections ◽

The Past ◽

Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽

Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

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