Sulphate removal from mine water – precipitation and bacterial sulphate reduction

2015 ◽  
pp. 255-260
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Sulphate Removal

scholarly journals Removal of Metals by Sulphide Precipitation Using Na2S and HS−-Solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Hanna Prokkola ◽  
Emma-Tuulia Nurmesniemi ◽  
Ulla Lassi
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Acidic Mine Drainage ◽  
Acid Mine Water ◽  
Metal Hydroxides ◽  
Sulphide Precipitation ◽  
Ph Dependent

Precipitation of metals as metal sulphides is a practical way to recover metals from mine water. Sulphide precipitation is useful since many metals are very sparingly soluble as sulphides. Precipitation is also pH dependent. This article investigates the precipitation of metals individually as sulphides and assesses which metals are precipitated as metal hydroxides by adjustment of the pH. The precipitation of different metals as sulphides was studied to determine the conditions under which the HS− solution from the sulphate reduction reaction could be used for precipitation. H2S gas and ionic HS− produced during anaerobic treatment could be recycled from the process to precipitate metals in acidic mine drainage (AMD) prior to anaerobic treatment (Biological sulphate reduction), thereby recovering several metals. Precipitation of metals with HS− was fast and produced fine precipitates. The pH of acid mine water is about 2–4, and it can be adjusted to pH 5.5 before sulphide precipitation, while the precipitation, on the other hand, requires a sulphide solution with pH at 8 and the sulphide in HS− form. This prevents H2S formation and mitigates the risk posed from the evaporation of toxic hydrogen sulphur gas. This is a lower increase than is required for hydroxide precipitation, in which pH is typically raised to approximately nine. After precipitation, metal concentrations ranged from 1 to 30 μg/L.

Electron microscope analysis of zoned dolomite rhombs in the Jet Rock Formation (Lower Toarcian) of the Whitby area, U.K.

1985 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pye
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rock Formation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bacterial Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Primary Precipitation ◽  
Backscattered Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Textural Evidence

AbstractZoned dolomite rhombs which occur in the organic-rich Jet Rock Formation (Toarcian) of northeast England have been studied using backscattered scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The rhombs, which are 5–20 μm in size, are variable in chemical composition, but many consist of a dolomite core surrounded by a zone of ferroan dolomite, ankerite or ferroan calcite. Zoned rhombs occur in early-diagenetic calcite-cemented concretions and layers as well as dispersed throughout the shales. Distributional and textural evidence suggests that they formed mainly by primary precipitation from pore fluids within the zone of bacterial sulphate reduction. The ferroan outer zones probably formed after burial below the sulphate reduction zone when insufficient H2S was available to react with all the Fe2+ in solution.

Sulphate reduction, organic matter decomposition and pyrite formation

1985 ◽  
Vol 315 (1531) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Burial Rate ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Bacterial Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Bottom Waters ◽  
Pyrite Formation

Laboratory, field, and theoretical studies have shown that the rate of bacterial sulphate reduction during early diagenesis depends primarily on the reactivity of sedimentary organic matter whose decomposition follows first-order kinetics, with rate constants varying over six orders of magnitude. Decay rates decrease with decreasing sediment burial rate and, for a given sediment, with depth, because o f the successive utilization by bacteria of less and less reactive organic compounds. High burial (and bioturbation) rates enable reactive compounds to become available for sulphate reduction, at depth, which otherwise would be destroyed by molecular oxygen at or above the sediment-water interface. An important consequence of bacterial sulphate reduction is the formation of sedimentary pyrite, FeS 2 . In normal marine sediments (those deposited in oxygenated bottom waters) pyrite formation is limited by the concentration and reactivity of organic matter, whereas in euxinic (sulphidic) basins pyrite is limited by the abundance and reactivity of detrital iron minerals, and in non-saline swamp and lake sediments by the low levels of dissolved sulphate found in fresh water. Because of these differences in limiting factors, the three environments can be distinguished in both modern sediments and ancient rocks by plots of organic carbon, C against pyrite sulphur, S. Values of the C:S ratio based on theoretical calculations indicate that worldwide the bulk of organic matter burial has shifted considerably between these environments over Phanerozoic time.

Authigenesis of native sulphur and dolomite in a lacustrine evaporitic setting (Hellín basin, Late Miocene, SE Spain)

2011 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. LINDTKE ◽  
S. B. ZIEGENBALG ◽  
B. BRUNNER ◽  
J. M. ROUCHY ◽  
C. PIERRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Se Spain ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Bacterial Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Strong Depletion

AbstractAbundant sulphur is present in the Late Miocene evaporitic sequence of the lacustrine Hellín basin in SE Spain. Weathering of Triassic evaporites controlled the chemical composition of the Miocene lake. The lacustrine deposits comprise gypsum, marlstones, diatomites and carbonate beds. Sulphur-bearing carbonate deposits predominantly consist of early diagenetic dolomite. Abundant dolomite crystals with a spheroidal habit are in accordance with an early formation and point to a microbial origin. The carbon isotopic composition of the dolomite (δ13C values between −10 and −4‰) indicates mixing of lake water carbonate and carbonate derived from the remineralization of organic matter by heterotrophic bacteria. Dolomite precipitated syngenetically under evaporitic conditions as indicated by high oxygen isotope values (δ18O between +6 and +11‰). Nodules of native sulphur are found in gypsum, carbonate beds and marlstone layers. Sulphur formed in the course of microbial sulphate reduction, as reflected by its strong depletion in34S (δ34S values as low as −17‰). Near to the surface many of the sulphur nodules were in part or completely substituted by secondary gypsum, which still reflects the sulphur isotopic composition of native sulphur (−18 to −10‰). This study exemplifies the role of bacterial sulphate reduction in the formation of dolomite and native sulphur in a semi-enclosed lacustrine basin during Late Miocene time.

Celestite formation, bacterial sulphate reduction and carbonate cementation of Eocene reefs and basinal sediments (Igualada, NE Spain)

Sedimentology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conxita Taberner ◽  
James D. Marshall ◽  
James P. Hendry ◽  
Catherine Pierre ◽  
M. F. Thirlwall
Keyword(s):  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Carbonate Cementation ◽  
Ne Spain

scholarly journals Sulphate removal from mine water by precipitation as ettringite by newly developed electrochemical aluminium dosing method

2021 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Emma-Tuulia Nurmesniemi ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Kyösti Rajaniemi ◽  
Ulla Lassi
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Sulphate Removal ◽  
Dosing Method

scholarly journals Chemical evidence from laboratory experiments for biokarst development in the Ordos Basin, northwestern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Feng’e Zhang ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Miying Yin ◽  
Ze He ◽  
Xinxin Geng
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Rock System ◽  
Bacterial Sulphate Reduction ◽  
The Ordos Basin ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Insight Into

The present work is designed to simulate the dissolution of sulphate rock under various conditions of different bacterial cell numbers, temperatures and reaction times both in water-rock system and water-rock-bacteria systems by laboratory experiment. The rate of sulphate reduction were estimated using the experimental data. The results suggested that the sulphate-reducing bacteria promote the sulphate rock dissolution and increase the amount of dissolved sulphate. The dissolution of sulphate rock driven by bacterial sulphate reduction results in the formation of sulphate rock karst. The research is an insight into biokarst, which provides a new perspective for the field of petroleum geology.

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