Cardiac Myocyte Damage, Electrocardiographic Dysfunction, and Ion Channel Remodeling in Rodent Models of Seizure Disorders

2015 ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Steven Bealer ◽  
Cameron Metcalf ◽  
Steven Poelzing ◽  
Jason Little ◽  
Amy Brewster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channel ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Seizure Disorders ◽  
Myocyte Damage

GBR12909 Possesses Anticonvulsant Activity in Zebrafish and Rodent Models of Generalized Epilepsy but Cardiac Ion Channel Effects Limit Its Clinical Utility

Pharmacology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Goldsmith ◽  
Zoe Golder ◽  
Julia Hunt ◽  
Stephane Berghmans ◽  
Derek Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channel ◽  
Anticonvulsant Activity ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Channel Effects ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy

Enhanced detection of cardiac myocyte damage by polarized light microscopy

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H Chow ◽  
Derek R Boughner ◽  
Joy Dunmore-Buyze ◽  
Helen Finlay ◽  
J.Geoffrey Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarized Light Microscopy ◽  
Myocyte Damage

scholarly journals MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Systemic Changes in Response to Endurance Exercise—A Comprehensive Review

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 813
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Soplinska ◽  
Lukasz Zareba ◽  
Zofia Wicik ◽  
Ceren Eyileten ◽  
Daniel Jakubik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Fitness ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Myocyte Damage ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Fitness Parameter ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Endurance sports have an unarguably beneficial influence on cardiovascular health and general fitness. Regular physical activity is considered one of the most powerful tools in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs are small particles that regulate the post-transcription gene expression. Previous studies have shown that miRNAs might be promising biomarkers of the systemic changes in response to exercise, before they can be detected by standard imaging or laboratory methods. In this review, we focused on four important physiological processes involved in adaptive changes to various endurance exercises (namely, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac myocyte damage, fibrosis, and inflammation). Moreover, we discussed miRNAs’ correlation with cardiopulmonary fitness parameter (VO2max). After a detailed literature search, we found that miR-1, miR-133, miR-21, and miR-155 are crucial in adaptive response to exercise.

scholarly journals EVIDENCE OF CARDIAC MYOCYTE DAMAGE IN RECREATIONAL RUNNERS AFTER THE LONDON MARATHON

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S120
Author(s):  
G Whyte ◽  
K George ◽  
C Stephenson ◽  
R Shave ◽  
E Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
Myocyte Damage

Dynamic of Ion Channel Expression at the Plasma Membrane of Cardiomyocytes

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1317-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Balse ◽  
David F. Steele ◽  
Hugues Abriel ◽  
Alain Coulombe ◽  
David Fedida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Small Gtpases ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
Cardiac Sarcolemma ◽  
Channel Expression

Cardiac myocytes are characterized by distinct structural and functional entities involved in the generation and transmission of the action potential and the excitation-contraction coupling process. Key to their function is the specific organization of ion channels and transporters to and within distinct membrane domains, which supports the anisotropic propagation of the depolarization wave. This review addresses the current knowledge on the molecular actors regulating the distinct trafficking and targeting mechanisms of ion channels in the highly polarized cardiac myocyte. In addition to ubiquitous mechanisms shared by other excitable cells, cardiac myocytes show unique specialization, illustrated by the molecular organization of myocyte-myocyte contacts, e.g., the intercalated disc and the gap junction. Many factors contribute to the specialization of the cardiac sarcolemma and the functional expression of cardiac ion channels, including various anchoring proteins, motors, small GTPases, membrane lipids, and cholesterol. The discovery of genetic defects in some of these actors, leading to complex cardiac disorders, emphasizes the importance of trafficking and targeting of ion channels to cardiac function. A major challenge in the field is to understand how these and other actors work together in intact myocytes to fine-tune ion channel expression and control cardiac excitability.

scholarly journals Production and Characterisation of Anti-Cardiac Troponin-I Monoclonal Antibodies

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh. H. Haider ◽  
W. H. Stimson
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Troponin I ◽  
Ventricular Tissue ◽  
D 12 ◽  
Myocyte Damage

Cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I) was isolated from bovine left ventricular tissue and used as immunogen. Sixteen murine hybridoma lines were produced with two of them. I D 12 and 5F4, showing a high specificity for cTn-I; both of these monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) were isotyped as IgG I with kappa - light chains. The specificity of the McAbs for cTn-1 was confirmed by ELISA, western blotting and by the ability of the antibodies to block actomyosin ATPase inhibition by cTn-I. The McAbs may be useful for human ill vivo imaging of myocardial infarcts and other pathological conditions related to cardiac myocyte damage.

scholarly journals Mitochonic Acid 5 Binds Mitochondria and Ameliorates Renal Tubular and Cardiac Myocyte Damage

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1925-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Suzuki ◽  
Hiroaki Yamaguchi ◽  
Motoi Kikusato ◽  
Osamu Hashizume ◽  
Satoru Nagatoishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Myocyte Damage

Serum troponin I levels in hyperthyroid cats before and after treatment with radioactive iodine

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Connolly ◽  
Javier Guitian ◽  
Adrian Boswood ◽  
Reto Neiger
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Myocyte Damage ◽  
Serum Cardiac Troponin

A raised concentration of serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a sensitive marker of cardiac myocyte injury in the cat and assays developed for its measurement in human patients have been validated in the cat. Raised levels have been associated with a number of cardiac insults including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and trauma. Hyperthyroidism is a common disease of older cats and excess thyroid hormone is known to produce significant cardiovascular effects in this species. This study evaluated the effect of treatment for hyperthyroidism with radioactive iodine on cTnI concentration, assessed the association between thyroxin levels and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and cTnI concentration in cats treated for hyperthyroidism and described changes in echocardiographic parameters following treatment. Prior to the treatment serum cTnI was measured and echocardiography performed, thyroxin, cTnI, and echocardiography were then repeated at various time points following radioisotope therapy. The results show that higher thyroxin levels were significantly ( P=0.002) associated with a higher likelihood of the cat presenting with detectable levels of cTnI. No significant association was found between GFR and presence of detectable levels of cTnI. Furthermore the results indicate that the effects of hyperthyroidism on echocardiographic parameters appear considerably less in this study than in previous studies and that the main outcome of treatment on these parameters is a significant reduction in fractional shortening ( P=0.006). These results suggest that chronic exposure to excess thyroid hormone may induce myocyte damage of sufficient severity to raise serum cTnI concentration in a proportion of cats that resolves following establishment of a euthyroid state.

Neurogenic stunned myocardium after acute hydrocephalus

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Johnson ◽  
John Ragheb ◽  
Ruchira Garg ◽  
William Patten ◽  
David I. Sandberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Cardiac Contractility ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Stunned Myocardium ◽  
Acute Hydrocephalus ◽  
Neurogenic Stunned Myocardium ◽  
Cardiac Stunning ◽  
Myocyte Damage ◽  
Neurological Insult

Neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM) is a syndrome of cardiac stunning after a neurological insult. It is commonly observed after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage but is increasingly being reported after other neurological events. The underlying mechanism of NSM is believed to be a hypothalamic-mediated sympathetic surge causing weakened cardiac contractility and even direct cardiac myocyte damage. The authors report 2 cases of NSM in pediatric patients after acute hydrocephalus. Both patients experienced severe cardiac dysfunction in the acute phase but ultimately had a good neurological outcome and a full cardiac recovery. The identification, treatment, and outcome in 2 rare pediatric cases of NSM are discussed, and the history of the brain-cardiac connection is reviewed.

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