- Optical Direct and External Modulation

2014 ◽  
pp. 178-249
Keyword(s):  
External Modulation

External modulation of the sustained attention network in traumatic brain injury.

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine M. Richard ◽  
Charlene O'Connor ◽  
Ayan Dey ◽  
Ian H. Robertson ◽  
Brian Levine
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
External Modulation

scholarly journals Laser Opto-Electronic Oscillator and the Modulation of a Laser Emission

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bortsov
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Line ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Noise Generator ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Nonlinear Method ◽  
External Modulation ◽  
Mach Zehnder Modulator ◽  
Electronic Oscillator

The autonomous optoelectronic generator (OEO) is considered in the chapter as a source of low-noise oscillations. Differential equations are considered and methods with OEO modulation with direct and external modulation are analyzed. The complexity of both approaches is related to the non-standard way of description of the nonlinear method modulation for the internal (direct) structure and the utilization of the specific Mach-Zehnder modulator for the first stage on external modulation. The purpose of the presentation is to consider the main features of OEO as a low-noise generator. This includes consideration based on the study of differential equations, the study of transients in OEO, and the calculation of phase noise. It is shown that different types of fibers with low losses at small bending radii can be used as a FOLD in OEO. The important role of the choice of a coherent laser for OEO with a small spectral line width is shown. The prospects of using structured fibers with low losses at bends of less than 10 mm in OEO are described. The results of modeling dynamic processes in OEO with direct modulation are presented.

Deciphering how interneuron specific 3 cells control oriens lacunosum-moleculare cells to contribute to circuit function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Guet-McCreight ◽  
Frances K Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Interneuron ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Recruitment ◽  
External Modulation ◽  
Theta Frequency ◽  
Cell Firing ◽  
Circuit Function

The wide diversity of inhibitory cells across the brain makes them suitable to contribute to network dynamics in specialized fashions. However, the contributions of a particular inhibitory cell type in a behaving animal are challenging to untangle as one needs to both record cellular activities and identify the cell type being recorded. Thus, using computational modeling and theory to predict and hypothesize cell-specific contributions is desirable. Here, we examine potential contributions of interneuron-specific 3 (I-S3) cells - an inhibitory interneuron found in CA1 hippocampus that only targets other inhibitory interneurons - during simulated theta rhythms. We use previously developed multi-compartment models of oriens lacunosum-moleculare (OLM) cells, the main target of I-S3 cells, and explore how I-S3 cell inputs during in vitro and in vivo scenarios contribute to theta. We find that I-S3 cells suppress OLM cell spiking, rather than engender its spiking via post-inhibitory rebound mechanisms, and contribute to theta frequency spike resonance during simulated in vivo scenarios. To elicit recruitment similar to in vitro experiments, inclusion of disinhibited pyramidal cell inputs is necessary, implying that I-S3 cell firing broadens the window for pyramidal cell disinhibition. Using in vivo virtual networks, we show that I-S3 cells contribute to a sharpening of OLM cell recruitment at theta frequencies. Further, shifting the timing of I-S3 cell spiking due to external modulation shifts the timing of the OLM cell firing and thus disinhibitory windows. We propose a specialized contribution of I-S3 cells to create temporally precise coordination of modulation pathways.

Experimental Study on Linearity of Microwave Photonic Link with Direct Modulation or External Modulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1106002
Author(s):  
陈华 Chen Hua ◽  
邹喜华 Zou Xihua ◽  
于歌 Yu Ge ◽  
卢冰 Lu Bing
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Direct Modulation ◽  
Microwave Photonic ◽  
External Modulation
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