Realistic classification of stoneware sewerage network technical condition

2014 ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
A Raganowicz ◽  
J Dziopak ◽  
D Słyś
Keyword(s):  
Technical Condition ◽  
Sewerage Network

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of damage to sewer rehabilitation coatings

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00041
Author(s):  
Andrzej Kuliczkowski ◽  
Stanisław Nogaj
Keyword(s):  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Damage Classification ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Sewer Rehabilitation ◽  
Underground Infrastructure ◽  
Original Part ◽  
Near Future

Technologies for the trenchless rehabilitation of pipelines using various types of coatings have been used for almost half a century. Considering that the assumed life expectancy of such renewed pipelines is 50 years, it will be necessary to assess their technical condition in the near future. The aim of this article is to attempt to answer the question "Do existing damage classification methods allow for the full and reliable assessment of the sewers already renewed with rehabilitation coatings?". The scope of the article, and its original part, is to describe how the problem of damage assessment of rehabilitation coatings has been included in various methods of classification of underground infrastructure pipelines, and conducting a comparison that compares these methods in terms of the damages described. An interpretation of the results of the research on rehabilitation coatings operated in various time periods, starting from those recently applied to those operating for over 30 years, was also made. The result of the analysis is to present the differences and deficiencies in the damage classification methods discussed.

scholarly journals Classification of the state of the dynamic system, which is functioned by which is described by vector autoresis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (123) ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Pavlovych Sarychev
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Space Objects ◽  
Input Variables

Within the framework of the article, the problem of statistical classification of states of a dynamic system is solved, which can be in two classes of states, in each of which its operation is described by its own system of autoregressive equations with a priori unknown parameters. It is assumed that the following conditions are fulfilled: a) two classes of states are described by the same sets of observed input and output variables; b) the output variables, both in the first and in the second class, are determined by different sets of regressors (input variables); c) the models of functioning in the first and second classes are different both in terms of coefficients and in the structure of autoregressive models; d) the covariance matrices of random variables in the functioning models and the observation models for the first and second classes are different. The rule of classification is constructed and its properties are investigated.The experience of successfully solving problems of detecting changes in the properties of dynamic systems based on regression equations in the work, where an approach to constructing mathematical models for monitoring the technical condition of power and power plants in long-term operation was proposed, shows the feasibility of applying this approach to solving problems of controlling the operation of rocket-space objects technology.The problem of classifying states of a dynamic system, which can be in two classes of states, is considered. The functioning of the system in classes is described by various systems of autoregressive equations. The rule of classification is constructed and its properties are investigated.

Methods and algorithms for classifying air targets by importance based on data from an airborne radar system Part 1. Two-stage ranking of air targets according to the degree of danger during the operation of radar in the multipurpose tracking mode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Bogachev ◽  
I.R. Zagrebelnyi ◽  
V.I. Merkulov
Keyword(s):  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Airborne Radar ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Radar Systems ◽  
Tracking Mode ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
System Part

Classification of air targets by rank of importance is the basis for ensuring situational awareness of pilots (crew members) of military aircraft, therefore, the problem of increasing the reliability of target classification is very urgent. The requirement to provide the pilot (crew) with full situational awareness means providing him with complete and reliable information about tactical, electronic, navigation situations and the technical condition of on-board systems. It should be noted that when classifying air targets according to the rank of importance, dangerous, favorable for attack and non-dangerous targets are currently usually distinguished. Specific tasks of classifying air targets by importance rank belong to the class of object recognition tasks. In modern aviation radio-electronic complexes, the classification of air targets according to the rank of importance is usually carried out according to the data of on-board radar systems, as well as electronic intelligence systems and optoelectronic systems. It should be noted that one of the main information modes of functioning of modern and future radar systems is the multipurpose tracking mode, in which an airborne radar can simultaneously track a large number of targets in its area of responsibility. In the conduct of hostilities, ensuring one's own security is a priority task for aircraft of various purposes. In this case, the role of dangerous air targets can be not only targets belonging to the opposing side, but also their own aircraft in dangerous encounters, in which a collision can occur between them. Therefore, the problem of preventing dangerous encounters and preventing aircraft collisions with each other becomes one of the key problems in group operations of military aviation. It should be noted that by now there are various methods of assessing goals according to the degree of their danger, but there is no systematic presentation of them. An attempt is made in the article to give a systematized presentation of new methods for solving this problem, based on a two-stage decision-making on the predicted minimum distance of closest approach and the time to reach it. Based on this approach, the following are considered: the method of subjective reduction of private indicators; procedures for determining the hazard indicators of air targets in the antenna coordinate system; rules for making decisions on the degree of danger of targets, taking into account their possible maneuver; – the composition of information support for solving this problem has been determined.

Analysis of the wagons-tanks technical condition of the chemical industry park

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
Voropai V. ◽  
◽  
Chebanov V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Technical Diagnostics ◽  
Information Set

The article brings statistical data on the technical condition of the wagons-tanks of one of the largest enterprises of the Ukrainian chemical industry. The technique of monitoring the technical condition is explained, the classification of damage to wagons-tanks depending on the stages of the life cycle is proposed, the distribution of damage depending on the stages of the life cycle is shown. The information set forth in the article provides the basis for conducting technical diagnostics in order to justify the further term of maintenance

scholarly journals Evaluation of Natural Airfield Pavements Condition Based on the Airfield Pavement Condition Index (APCI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6139
Author(s):  
Mariusz Wesolowski ◽  
Pawel Iwanowski
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Pavement Condition ◽  
Pavement Condition Index ◽  
Probe Test ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Natural pavements are an important element of flights. Among other things, they allow the plane to be safely slowed down after it has exited the runway. For this reason, load bearing capacity of natural airfield pavements and strength of turf layer at a specified level are required. Currently used testing methods, such as CBR (Californian Bearing Ratio) tests or turf probe test, separately do not give a full image of pavement technical condition. The authors presented the methodology for assessing the technical condition of natural airfield surfaces based on the APCI (Airfield Pavement Condition Index). The index is based at the same time on the load bearing capacity of the surface layer up to 0.85 m and turf layer strength. The mathematical model and the classification of airfield pavements in terms of the APCI indicator are presented. The article also presents an example of using the APCI method to assess shoulders and end safety areas of the runway at one of the operating airport facilities.

scholarly journals Improving the Methodology of Placing Peripheral Devices for Monitoring the Technical Condition of Rolling Stock

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
V. V. Burchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Functional Block Diagram ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Technical Control ◽  
Control Devices

Purpose. Based on the research work of units and parts of rolling stock undercarriage in transient modes of emergency situations it is proposed to optimize the sequential placing of peripheral contactless devices for technical control of locomotives and cars on railway lines. Methodology. Investigation of transient processes of temperature increase of faulty axle bearings of locomotives and cars during remote technical diagnosing allows one to organize theory and hardware construction of the peripheral systems for testing the rolling stock on the move. Automatic control of the technical state of the rolling stock on the move – the last and in some cases the only possible process step, which allows revealing unacceptable defects in rolling units and thereby prevent emergencies in railway transport. Findings. Based on the research it was proposed a solution to the optimization problem of placing peripheral control devices of rolling stock when moving according to the criteria of the linear and exponential nature of heating defective axle boxes of wheelsets and other units of undercarriage. The risks of train stop on the railway line because of the erroneous classification of normally heated axle boxes as overheated, as well as the consequences of classification of overheated axle box as normally heated axle boxes were evaluated. Originality. Optimization model of placing peripheral control devices based on probabilistic criteria for evaluating the degree of permissible risk that, at a minimum, should not be exceeded during the transition to control technical means. A functional block diagram of test hardware diagnostics for the wheelsets when determining the gradations of digital indicators of defects was proposed. Practical value. The value of the results obtained lies in the improvement of a method of placing technical control peripheral devices and diagnosing rolling stock when determining the distance between the control stations in the same direction and organizing tracking modes for railcars with developing defects. From a technical point, reduced error probability is directly related to traffic safety and diagnostic algorithms.

Non-Invasive Monitoring of the Technical Condition of Power Units Using the FAM-C and FDM-A Electrical Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13329
Author(s):  
Mariusz Zieja ◽  
Andrzej Gębura ◽  
Andrzej Szelmanowski ◽  
Bartłomiej Główczyk
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Frequency Measurement ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Structural Work ◽  
Electronic Frequency ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Aircraft Propulsion System

This article presents the selected results of analytical and structural work conducted at the Air Force Institute of Technology (pl. ITWL) in the field of building a measuring apparatus for non-invasive monitoring of the technical condition of aircraft power units. Presented innovative FAM-C and FDM-A methods allow for observation of frequency modulation parameters as well as identification and diagnostic classification of particular mechanical subassemblies supplying the on-board generator and thus enable non-invasive monitoring of technical condition of the aircraft power unit and the aircraft propulsion system. The main purpose of this article is to present the measurement apparatus errors that occur in the signal conditioning system in the FAM-C and FDM-A methods. In spite of the fact that the measuring instrument was built on the basis of digital technology and that it uses typical solutions of electronic frequency measurement, due to the specificity of the applied diagnostic method there occur specific measuring errors which are presented in this article.

STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS FOR STRENGTHENING DAMAGED STONE ARCH STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Валерий Вадимович Павлов ◽  
Евгений Владимирович Хорьков
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Arch Structures ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Structural Solutions ◽  
Historical Periods

Рассмотрены исторические аспекты возникновения каменных арочных конструкций перекрытий, материалы, которые использовались для их возведения в различные исторические периоды, классификация арочных конструкций, а также основные конструктивные решения и технологические аспекты их возведения. Приведены результаты работ, выполненных по определению численных значений геометрических параметров и обследованию технического состояния арочных конструкций зданий старой постройки, расположенных в центральной (исторической) части г. Казани. Приведены результаты исследования работ других авторов по определению наиболее часто встречающихся дефектов и повреждений в арках, а также причины их возникновения. Рассмотрены технические решения различных авторов по усилению арочных конструкций, с использованием различных материалов, в том числе и композитными материалами на основе однонаправленных углеродных волокон. Описана область применения и изложены технические решения, разработанные авторами статьи для усиления арочных конструкций, которые учитывают особенности их конструктивных решений и повреждений. We considered the historical aspects of the emergence of stone arched structures of ceilings, the materials used for their construction in various historical periods, the classification of arched structures, as well as the main design solutions and technological aspects of their construction. We present the results of the work performed to determine the numerical values of geometric parameters and to survey the technical condition of arched structures of old buildings located in the central (historical) part of Kazan. As well we demonstrate the results of a study of the works of other authors to determine the most common defects and damages in arches and the causes of their occurrence. We show the technical solutions of various authors to strengthen arched structures using various materials, including composite materials based on unidirectional carbon fibers. We describe the scope of application and outline the technical solutions developed by the authors of the article for strengthening arched structures that take into account the features of their design solutions and damages.

scholarly journals On the classification of motive power failures

Dependability ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Babkov ◽  
E. E. Belova ◽  
M. I. Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Railway Transportation ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Failure Classification ◽  
Technical Systems

The Aim of the article is to develop a motive power failure classification to enable substantiated definition of dependability requirements for motive power as a part of a railway transportation system, as well as for organizing systematic measures to ensure a required level of its dependability over the life cycle. Methods. The terminology of interstate dependability-related standards was analysed and the two classifications used by OJSC “RZD” for estimating the dependability of technical systems and motive power were compared. The dependability of railway transportation systems is studied using structural and logical and logical and probabilistic methods of dependability analysis, while railway lines are examined using the graph theory and the Markov chains. Results. An analysis of the existing failure classifications identified shortcomings that prevent the use of such classifications for studying the structural dependability of such railway transportation systems as motive power. A classification was developed that combines two failure classifications (“category-based” for the transportation process and technical systems and “type-based” for the motive power), but this time with new definitions. The proposed classification of the types of failures involves stricter definitions of the conditions and assumptions required for evaluating the dependability and technical condition of an item, which ensures correlation between the characteristics of motive power and its dependability throughout the life cycle in the context of the above tasks. The two classifications could be used simultaneously while researching structural problems of dependability using logical and probabilistic methods and Markov chains. The developed classification is included in the provisions of the draft interstate standard “Dependability of motive power. Procedure for the definition, calculation methods and supervision of dependability indicators throughout the life cycle” that is being prepared by JSC “VNIKTI” in accordance with the OJSC “RZD” research and development plan. Conclusion. The article’s findings will be useful to experts involved in the evaluation of motive power dependability.

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