- Heavy Metals in the Environment: Current Status, Toxic Effects on Plants and Phytoremediation

2012 ◽  
pp. 32-99 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Current Status

scholarly journals The Heavy Metals in Agrosystems and Impact on Health and Quality of Life

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Tutic ◽  
Srecko Novakovic ◽  
Mitar Lutovac ◽  
Rade Biocanin ◽  
Sonja Ketin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Ionic Bonds ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Surface And Groundwater ◽  
Quality Surface

The metal is a chemical element that conducts electricity well and heat, and the nonferrous metals builds cations and ionic bonds. Heavy metals include metals whose density is higher than 5 g/cm3. The whole range of the metal is in the form of essential trace elements, essential for a number of functions in the human body, and its deficiency results in a lack of occurrence of a serious symptom. The best examples are anemia lack of iron, lack of chromium in diabetes, growth problems in lack of nickel. Other elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and molybdenum have been shown to exhibit large quantities of toxic effects. The paper examines the problem of heavy metals originating from agriculture on agroecosystems. This group of pollutants is considered the most important cause of degradation of soil quality, surface and groundwater and direct causal adverse effects on human and animal health. In order to complete the environmental monitoring of pollutants, these main categories, origins, and possible negative impacts of the basic principles of preventing their toxic effects were examined.

Effect of metallothionein 1A rs8052394 polymorphism on lead, cadmium, zinc, and aluminum levels in factory workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 816-822
Author(s):  
Preeti Singh ◽  
Prasenjit Mitra ◽  
Taru Goyal ◽  
Pilla VSN Kiran Kumar ◽  
Shailja Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Genotypic Distribution ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins. They are involved in transportation and detoxification of heavy metals, homeostasis of essential metals, and as antioxidation against reactive oxygen species. Polymorphisms in a gene may increase or decrease the expression efficiency of a gene. This study aimed to determine the genetic effect of MT1A rs8052394 on lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), and aluminum (Al) levels in factory workers. The study included 100 occupationally heavy metal exposed workers from different factories around Jodhpur. Pb, Cd, Zn, and Al levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Individuals with the GG genotype had lower Pb, Zn, and Al levels and higher Cd levels than AA and AG genotypes. The genotyping of MT1A rs8052394 was done by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP). The mean ± standard deviation of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Al was 5.88 ± 13.28 µg/dL, 3.52 ± 1.25 µg/L, 16.45 ± 16.69 µg/dL, and 58.92 ± 58.91 µg/L, respectively. A significant association was found between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MT1A gene and Cd ( p = 0.006) and with Zn levels ( p = 0.031) but no association found with Pb and Al levels. Among the study population, 78 participants were homozygote major (AA), 19 were heterozygote (AG), and 3 were homozygote minor (GG). The χ 2 test presented the genotypic distribution of all three genotypes under the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium ( p > 0.05). The frequency of the A allele was 87.5% (175) and the G allele was 12.5% (25). To conclude, polymorphism in rs8052394 of the MT1A gene is associated with increased metal accumulation which in turn may lead to increased toxic effects in the exposed individuals. Factory workers thus, should be more cautious about protecting their health against the toxic effects of heavy metals.

Recent advances in arsenic metabolism in plants: current status, challenges and highlighted biotechnological intervention to reduce grain arsenic in rice

Metallomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Shri ◽  
Pradyumna Kumar Singh ◽  
Maria Kidwai ◽  
Neelam Gautam ◽  
Sonali Dubey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Arsenic Metabolism ◽  
Recent Advances

Arsenic (As), classified as a “metalloid” element, is well known for its carcinogenicity and other toxic effects to humans.

scholarly journals Preparation, Performances, and Mechanisms of Microbial Flocculants for Wastewater Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiru Li ◽  
Shaohua Wu ◽  
Cheng Du ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhong ◽  
Chunping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Charge Neutrality ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Preparation Methods

In recent years, close attention has been paid to microbial flocculants because of their advantages, including safety to humans, environmental friendliness, and acceptable removal performances. In this review, the preparation methods of microbial flocculants were first reviewed. Then, the performances of bioflocculants in the removal of suspended solids, heavy metals, and other organic pollutants from various types of wastewater were described and commented, and the removal mechanisms, including adsorption bridging, charge neutralization, chemical reactions, and charge neutrality, were also discussed. The future research needs on microbial flocculants were also proposed. This review would lead to a better understanding of current status, challenges, and corresponding strategies on microbial flocculants and bioflocculation in wastewater treatment.

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