scholarly journals Analysis of the National Cancer Institute’s Investment in Site-Specific Cancer Research Funding Involving Collaborators in Latin America and Its Correspondence to Regional Cancer Burden

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Jasmin Serena Vargas ◽  
Rachel Abudu ◽  
Kalina Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Tumor Site ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Uterine Cancers

PURPOSE Economic and social-behavioral changes over the last two decades in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are associated with increases in the regional cancer burden. We aim to describe the National Cancer Institute–funded extramural research portfolio with collaborators in the LAC between fiscal years 2014 and 2018 and compare project numbers by site with subregional cancer burden. METHODS This analysis included National Cancer Institute–funded extramural projects with LAC collaborators from fiscal years 2014 to 2018 from the National Institutes of Health IMPAC II database. Projects were stratified by Pan American Health Organization’s Latin American subregions, tumor sites, and regional site-specific rates of cancer incidence and mortality using Globocan 2018 estimates. To better understand subregional variations in cancer incidence and mortality, this analysis focused on the top 5 sites of incidence and mortality in LAC after breast and prostate cancer. RESULTS Between fiscal years 2014 and 2018, 108 projects with LAC collaborators were funded. Project collaborators came from 22 countries in the region, and projects covered 20 tumor sites. The Southern Cone had the most projects funded, followed by the Central American Isthmus and Mexico, Andes, Latin Caribbean, and non-Latin Caribbean—this was roughly proportional to subregional populations. Variation exists at the subregional level for the top 5 cancers when comparing incidence and mortality with subregional project counts. Disparities between projects and incidence by tumor site were the largest for colorectal, lung, and uterine cancers. Disparities between projects and mortality by tumor site were the largest for lung and uterine cancers. Disparities between projects and both components of cancer burden by subregion were the largest for the Latin Caribbean and non-Latin Caribbean. The number of funded projects for Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma largely outpaced both incidence and mortality in every subregion. CONCLUSION This analysis suggests that projects’ alignment with cancer burden is variable by subregion, provides an understanding of cancer research funding by site, and highlights areas of interest for additional investigation, training, and collaboration in LAC.

scholarly journals Discrepancies between Canadian cancer research funding and site-specific cancer burden: a spotlight on ten disease sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Coronado ◽  
C. Finley ◽  
K. Badovinac ◽  
J. Han ◽  
J. Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Specific Cancer

BackgroundCancer research is essential in evaluating the safety and effectiveness of emerging cancer treatments, which in turn can lead to ground-breaking advancements in cancer care. Given limited research funding, allocating resources in alignment with societal burden is essential. However, evidence shows that such alignment does not typically occur. The objective of the present study was to provide an updated overview of site-specific cancer research investment in Canada and to explore potential discrepancies between the site-specific burden and the level of research investment.MethodsThe 10 cancer sites with the highest mortality in 2015—which included brain, female breast, colorectal, leukemia, lung, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, ovary, pancreas, prostate, and uterus—were selected for the analysis. Information about site-specific research investment and cancer burden (raw incidence and mortality) was obtained from the Canadian Cancer Research Survey and Statistics Canada’s cansim (the Canadian Socio-Economic Information Management System) respectively. The ratio of site-specific research investment to site-specific burden was used as an indicator of overfunding (ratio > 1) or underfunding (ratio < 1).ResultsThe 3 cancer sites with the highest research investments were leukemia, prostate, and breast, which together represented 51.3% of 2015 cancer research funding. Conversely, the 3 cancer sites with the lowest investments were uterus, pancreas, and ovary, which together represented 7.8% of 2015 research funding. Relative to site-specific cancer burden, the lung, uterus, and colorectal sites were consistently the most underfunded.ConclusionsObserved discrepancies between cancer burden and research investment indicate that some cancer sites (such as lung, colorectal, and uterus) seem to be underfunded when site-specific incidence and mortality are taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Gastric cancer incidence and mortality is associated with altitude in the mountainous regions of Pacific Latin America

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Torres ◽  
Pelayo Correa ◽  
Catterina Ferreccio ◽  
Gustavo Hernandez-Suarez ◽  
Rolando Herrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

scholarly journals Thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábia Cheyenne Gomes de Morais Fernandes ◽  
Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza ◽  
Maria Paula Curado ◽  
Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Incidence

This study analyzed trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in countries of Latin America. Ecological study of time series, with incidence data extracted from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), in the 1990-2012 period and mortality data obtained from 16 countries of the World Health Organization (WHO), in the 1995-2013 period. The trend of incidence rate was analyzed by the Joinpoint regression. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) and the 95% confidence interval (CI 95%) were calculated for incidence and mortality. The average rate of thyroid cancer incidence was higher in Quito (Ecuador) between the ages of 40 to 59 years old, 42.2 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants, as well as mortality 4.8 deaths per 100,000 women inhabitants above 60 years old. There was an increase in thyroid cancer incidence trends in women, for all age groups, in Cali, Costa Rica and Quito and men in Costa Rica; there was stability above the age of 60 years old in Cali, Goiania, Quito and Valdivia in men, as well as women in Goiania and Valdivia. There was a trend of increasing mortality for females in three countries: Ecuador (AAPC= 3,28 CI 95% 1,36;5,24), Guatemala (AAPC= 6,14 CI 95% 2,81;9,58) and Mexico (AAPC= 0,67 CI 95% 0,16;1,18). Thyroid cancer in Latin America showed a high incidence, with increased incidence in women. Stability in mortality was observed for most countries of Latin America.

scholarly journals Sri Lankan Patterns of Female Cancers: Incidence and Mortality Over 1995-2010

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Palatiyana V. S. C Vithana ◽  
Dompeyalage S. A.F Dheerasinghe ◽  
Hadagiripathira M. I Handagiripathira ◽  
Shreeni Alahapperuma ◽  
Irosha Nilaweera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Uterine Cancers

Background: Neoplasms are the second leading cause of deaths in Sri Lanka. Present study analysed the trends in incidence and mortality of all cancers, breast cancer, cervical, ovarian and uterine cancers among Sri Lankan females over 1995-2010. Methods: Cancer incidence was obtained from national hospital-based cancer registries. Cancer mortality was abstracted from World Health Organization database and Department of Census and Statistics Sri Lanka. Number of new cases and deaths were obtained by five-year age group for all cancers by sex and breast, cervical, ovarian and uterine cancers for females. Particular cancer specific incidence and mortality rates were directly age-standardised to the Segi-Doll world standard population. Age-standardised incidence and mortality for young adults (20-34 years), adults (35-64 years) and older adults (over 64 years) by the type of the female cancer over 1995-2010 were calculated. Results: Age-standardised rates for incidence for all cancers among females rose from 63.3 to 87.5 per 100 000 population during 1995-2010 and its morality increased from 44.5 to 53.5 per 100 000 population. In spite of having similar trends in both sexes, cancer incidence among females remained higher while mortality persisted lower than males. Breast cancer was the commonest cancer among females with its incidence and mortality increasing through-out. Cervical cancer incidence increased during 1995-2000, declined slightly in 2005 and remained stable over 2006-2010.Cervical cancer mortality remained stable over 1995-1999, declined in 1999-2003, increased slightly throughout 2003-2006 and remained stable during 2007-2010. Ovarian cancer incidence remained stable over 1995-2010. Its mortality remained stable over 1995-2000, declined slightly during 2000-2003 and increased in 2003-2010. Uterine cancer incidence and mortality increased steadily throughout 1995-2010. For all these cancers, incidence and mortalityin 0-34 years remained low.Conclusions: Increasing trend of cancer incidence and mortality among females over 1995-2010, directs the need of revisiting female cancer control programmes. 

Site-Specific Cancer Incidence and Mortality after Cerebral Angiography with Radioactive Thorotrast

2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois B. Travis ◽  
Michael Hauptmann ◽  
Linda Knudson Gaul ◽  
Hans H. Storm ◽  
Marlene B. Goldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cerebral Angiography ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Specific Cancer

scholarly journals The Burden and Trends of Primary Liver Cancer Caused by Specific Etiologies from 1990 to 2017 at the Global, Regional, National, Age, and Sex Level Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Liver Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfei Lin ◽  
Lei Yan ◽  
Yuling Liu ◽  
Changhai Qu ◽  
Jian Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Disease Study

Background: Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The primary causes of liver cancer include hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), alcohol consumption, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and other factors. Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the global and sex-, age-, region-, country-, and etiology-related liver cancer burden, as well as the trends in liver cancer caused by different etiologies. Methods: The causes of liver cancer from 1990 to 2017, including global, regional, and national liver cancer incidence, mortality, and etiology, were collected from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017, and the time-dependent change in the trends of liver cancer burden was evaluated by annual percentage change. Results: The global liver cancer incidence and mortality have been increasing. There were 950,000 newly-diagnosed liver cancer cases and over 800,000 deaths in 2017, which is more than twice the numbers recorded in 1990. HBV and HCV are the major causes of liver cancer. HBV is the major risk factor of liver cancer in Asia, while HCV and alcohol abuse are the major risk factors in the high sociodemographic index and high human development index regions. The mean onset age and incidence of liver cancer with different etiologies have gradually increased in the past 30 years. Conclusions: The global incidence is still rising and the causes have national, regional, or population specificities. More targeted prevention strategies must be developed for the different etiologic types in order to reduce liver cancer burden.

scholarly journals Trends in Incidence and Mortality of Female Cancers Among Sri Lankan Women 1995-2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 78s-78s
Author(s):  
P.V.S.C. Vithana ◽  
S. Perera ◽  
D.S.A.F. Dheerasinghe ◽  
H.M.I. Handagiripathira ◽  
L. Mery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Uterine Cancers

Background: Sri Lanka is facing epidemiologic transition from communicable diseases to noncommunicable diseases in recent decades. Aim: This study analyses the trends in incidence and mortality of all cancers, breast cancer, cervical, ovarian and uterine cancers among Sri Lankan females over 1995-2010. Methods: Cancer incidence was obtained from the published national hospital based cancer registries, Sri Lanka for 1995-2010. Cancer mortality was abstracted from World Health Organization (WHO) database for 1996-2003 and 2006 and Department of Census and Statistics Sri Lanka for 1995 and 2004-2010 where WHO data were not available. Number of new cases and deaths were obtained by five-year age group for all cancers by sex and breast, cervical, ovarian and uterine cancers for females. Particular cancer specific incidence and mortality rates were directly age-standardized to the world population and age standardized rates were calculated for all ages, 20-34, 35-64 and over 64 years. Results: Female, age-standardized rates (ASR) for incidence for all cancers rose from 63.3 to 87.5 per 100 000 population during 1995-2010 and morality increased from 44.5 to 53.5 per 100 000 population over 1995-2010. In spite of having basically similar trends in both sexes, female incidence remained higher and mortality lower than males. Breast cancer was the commonest cancer among females with its incidence and mortality increasing through-out. Cervical cancer incidence increased during 1995- 2000, declined slightly in 2005 and remained stable over 2006-2010. Cervical cancer mortality remained stable over 1995-1999, declined in 1999-2003, increased in a lesser extend throughout 2003-2006 and remained stable during 2007-2010. Ovarian cancer incidence remained stable over 1995-2010 with 35-64 years being highest. Its mortality remained stable over 1995-2000 and declined slightly during 2000-2003 and increased in 2003-2010 with over 64 years being highest. Uterine cancer incidence and mortality increased steadily throughout 1995-2010. For all above mentioned cancers, incidence and mortality in 0-34 years remained low. Conclusion: Increasing trend of cancer incidence and mortality among females over 1995-2010, directs the need of revisiting breast cancer and cervical cancer control program in the country and strengthening awareness and early diagnosis and timely treatment of the other gynecologic cancers.

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