The Treatment of Cases of Mental Disorder in General Hospitals (Reprinted from the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, vol. clxx, No. 17, pp. 637–642, April 23rd, 1914.) Philip Coombs Knapp, A.M., M.D.

1916 ◽  
Vol 62 (258) ◽  
pp. 624-626
Author(s):  
Philip Coombs Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Boston Medical ◽  
Surgical Journal ◽  
Almost All

The author maintains the thesis that acute and borderland cases of mental disease can be received and temporarily cared for in general hospitals. He admits that mental patients are not looked upon with favour by the nursing staff or by the other patients, on account of—in many cases—their restless, noisy conduct. Yet almost all general hospitals must include at times among their inmates some patients who, in the course of treatment for such conditions as acute infections, accidents, etc., become turbulent and violent.

Focal Sepsis in Mental Disorder: the “Pathogen-Selective” Method of Diagnosis

1931 ◽  
Vol 77 (316) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Arthur Pool
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Selective Method ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Field Of Inquiry

The rôle of focal sepsis as a causative factor in mental disease has received increasing attention during the past few years since Cotton published his results in this field of inquiry (Journal of Mental Science, October, 1923). In England, prominent workers in this branch of medicine, while unable to report the striking therapeutic results of Cotton, have confirmed his main contention that many acute and subacute psychoses seem to be intimately related to some focus of sepsis. Thus confirmation of this main thesis has come from Graves (Journ. Ment. Sci., October, 1923 and 1925), Chalmers Watson (ibid., October, 1923), Hunter and Moynihan (Brit. Med. Journ., November 5, 1927). On the other hand, equally prominent psychiatrists have called in question the results claimed, and the alleged “proven relationship” of sepsis and mental disorder, chief among whom are Henderson and Menzies (Brit. Med. Journ., November 5, 1927, p. 818).

Bacterial Change in Mental Disorder: The Bacterial Digestion of Tyrosine

1928 ◽  
Vol 74 (306) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Alkaline Medium ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
The Other ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
Culture Tube ◽  
Mental Disturbance ◽  
Other Hand

In a previous paper (Journ. Ment. Sci., April, 1928, p. 269) the writer has pointed out that a culture tube of tyrosine bouillon, if inoculated from the fæces of a healthy person, incubated for forty-eight hours and distilled, will be found to contain not more than 0.008% of phenol, or at most 0.015%. If, on the other hand, similar cultures are made from mental patients they will contain 0.02 to 0.03% of phenol in one half of the persons examined. In all these cases the phenol is formed by the action of bacteria on the tyrosine in an alkaline medium. The most important phenol-producing bacterium in the insane is B. Morgani, which can be demonstrated in 25% of acute cases, while B. phenologenes, Berthelot, is found in a smaller number. The paper referred to dealt with the toxic effects of B. Morgani and the results of vaccination with this organism. In the present paper another aspect of the matter will be considered, namely, the production of tyramine from tyrosine by intestinal bacteria, and whether poisoning by this substance may be a cause of mental disturbance.

Starość w nauczaniu św. Bazylego Wielkiego

Vox Patrum ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 339-348
Author(s):  
Bogdan Czyżewski
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Spiritual Maturity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Physical Suffering ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Almost All

Although St. Basil did not live 50 years, the topic of the old age appears in his works quite often. On the other hand, it is clear that Basil does not discuss this issue in one par­ticular work or in the longer argumentation. The fragmentary statements about old age can be found in almost all his works, but most of them can be found in the correspondence of Basil. In this paper we present the most important ad the most interesting aspect of teach­ing of Basil the Great. As these certificates show that the bishop of Caesarea looked at the old age maturely, rationally estimated passage of time, which very often makes a man different. He experienced it, for example as a spiritual and physical suffering, which often were connected with his person. He saw a lot of aspect of the old age, especially its advan­tages – spiritual maturity and wisdom. What is more, he pointed also to passage of time, which leads a man to eternity, which should be prepared to, regardless how old he is. In his opinion fear is not seen opinions of St. Basil present really Christian way of thinking, well-balanced and calm.

Descriptions of the larvae of four species of Procladius from Great Slave Lake (Chironomidae:Diptera)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 2055-2057 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Moore ◽  
I. A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Antennal Segment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Great Slave Lake ◽  
Palpal Segment ◽  
Almost All

Descriptions of larvae of Procladius denticulatus, Procladius culiciformis, Procladius freemani, and Procladius bellus collected from Yellowknife Bay (lat., 62°25′; long., 114°20′) are given. Procladius denticulatus was separated from the other species by its large size, a character which always proved distinctive. Procladius culiciformis and P. freemani were separated from one another through several measurements including those of the basal antennal segment and the basal palpal segment. Almost all characters of the head were useful in distinguishing the much smaller P. bellus from the other species.

scholarly journals Geographical matching of volatile signals and pollinator olfactory responses in a cycad brood-site mutualism

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1816) ◽  
pp. 20152053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence N. Suinyuy ◽  
John S. Donaldson ◽  
Steven D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Local Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Olfactory Preference ◽  
Olfactory Responses ◽  
Volatile Emissions ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Almost All

Brood-site mutualisms represent extreme levels of reciprocal specialization between plants and insect pollinators, raising questions about whether these mutualisms are mediated by volatile signals and whether these signals and insect responses to them covary geographically in a manner expected from coevolution. Cycads are an ancient plant lineage in which almost all extant species are pollinated through brood-site mutualisms with insects. We investigated whether volatile emissions and insect olfactory responses are matched across the distribution range of the African cycad Encephalartos villosus . This cycad species is pollinated by the same beetle species across its distribution, but cone volatile emissions are dominated by alkenes in northern populations, and by monoterpenes and a pyrazine compound in southern populations. In reciprocal choice experiments, insects chose the scent of cones from the local region over that of cones from the other region. Antennae of beetles from northern populations responded mainly to alkenes, while those of beetles from southern populations responded mainly to pyrazine. In bioassay experiments, beetles were most strongly attracted to alkenes in northern populations and to the pyrazine compound in southern populations. Geographical matching of cone volatiles and pollinator olfactory preference is consistent with coevolution in this specialized mutualism.

Anna Karenina: The Dialectic of Prophecy

PMLA ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-282
Author(s):  
David H. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moby Dick ◽  
Anna Karenina ◽  
Symbolic Value ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Way

One of the most impressive features of Anna Karenina is the way in which Tolstoy draws the reader's imagination beyond the literal level of the narrative into generalizations that seem mythical in a manner difficult to articulate. With Dostoevsky or Melville, one sees immediately a propensity for exploiting the symbolic value of things. With Tolstoy, things try, as it were, to resist conversion: they strive to maintain their “thingness” as empirical entities. A character in Dostoevsky is usually only half man; the other half is Christ or Satan. Moby Dick is obviously only half whale; the other half is Evil or some principle of Nature. But Anna Karenina is emphatically Anna Karenina. Like almost all of Tolstoy's characters, she has a proficiency in the husbandry of identity; she jealously hoards her own unique reality, so that it becomes difficult to say of her that she is a “type” of nineteenth-century Russian lady or a “symbol” of modern woman or an “archetypical” Eve or Lilith.

Resolving the Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866) complex with remarks on the monophyletic status of Louriniidae, Monard 1927 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5051 (1) ◽  
pp. 346-386
Author(s):  
SÜPHAN KARAYTUĞ ◽  
SERDAR SAK ◽  
ALP ALPER ◽  
SERDAR SÖNMEZ
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Nicobar Island ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Almost All

An attempt was made to test if Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866)—as it is currently diagnosed—represents a species complex. Detailed examination and comparisons of several specimens collected from different localities suggest that L. armata indeed represents a complex of four closely related morphospecies that can be differentiated from one another by only detailed observations. One of the four species is identified as Lourinia aff. armata and the other three species are described as new to science and named as Lourinia wellsi sp. nov., L. gocmeni sp. nov., and L. aldabraensis sp. nov. Detailed review of previous species records indicates that the genus Lourinia Wilson, 1924 is distributed worldwide. Ceyloniella nicobarica Sewell, 1940, originally described from Nicobar Island and previously considered a junior subjective synonym of L. armata is reinstated as Lourinia nicobarica (Sewell, 1940) comb. nov. on the basis of the unique paddle-shaped caudal ramus seta V. It is postulated that almost all of these records are unreliable in terms of representing true Lourinia aff. armata described herein. On the other hand, the comparative evaluation of the illustrations and descriptions in the published literature indicates the presence of several new species waiting to be discovered in the genus Lourinia.                 It has been determined that, according to updated modern keys, the recent inclusion of the monotypic genus Archeolourinia Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 in the Louriniidae is not justified since Archeolourinia shermani Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 does not belong to this family but should be assigned to the Canthocamptidae. On the other hand, it has been argued that the exact phylogenetic position of the Louriniidae still remains problematic since none of the diagnostic characters supports the monophyly of the family within the Oligoarthra. It has also been argued that the close relationship between Louriniidae and Canthocamptidae is supported since both families share the homologous sexual dimorphism (apophysis) on P3 endopod. The most important characteristic that can possibly be used to define Louriniidae is the reduction of maxilliped.  

CHANGING PROFESSIONAL MOTIVATION AMONG NURSING STAFF IN THE PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Elizaveta O. Nechaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
World Community ◽  
Personal Motivation ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Almost All

The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection, which swept the entire world community in 2020, has made strong adjustments in almost all spheres of life, but first of all, in health care. The great majority of the medical staff at the onset of the pandemic had no clinical experience with the COVID-19 patients. In addition to the lack of practical skills in treatment for the period of the onset of mass infections, doctors faced great physical and emotional stress. The article provides a comparative analysis of the questionnaires results from among nursing staff in SRC Burnasyan FMBC in 2018 and 2020. The research results show that in the process of treatment and rehabilitation of pa- tients with COVID-19 in the professional motivation of doctors some changes took place towards personal motivation associated with serving and helping people.

Telemedicine for New Neurological Outpatients: Putting a Randomized Controlled Trial in the Context of Everyday Practice

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Chua ◽  
John Craig ◽  
Thomas Esmonde ◽  
Richard Wootton ◽  
Victor Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The Other ◽  
Everyday Practice ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
General Physicians

In a retrospective review, the telemedical management of 65 outpatients from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of telemedicine for non-urgent referrals to a consultant neurologist was compared with the management of 76 patients seen face to face in the same trial, with that of 150 outpatients seen in the neurology clinics of district general hospitals and with that of 102 neurological outpatients seen by general physicians. Outcome measures were the numbers of investigations and of patient reviews. The telemedicine group did not differ significantly from the 150 patients seen face to face by neurologists in hospital clinics in terms of either the number of investigations or the number of reviews they received. Patients from the RCT seen face to face had significantly fewer investigations but a similar number of reviews to the other 150 patients seen face to face by neurologists (the disparity in the number of investigations may explain the negative result for telemedicine in that RCT). Patients with neurological symptoms assessed by general physicians had significantly more investigations and were reviewed significantly more often than all the other groups. Patients from the RCT seen by telemedicine were not managed significantly differently from those seen face to face by neurologists in hospital clinics but had significantly fewer investigations and follow-ups than those patients managed by general physicians. The results suggest that management of new neurological outpatients by neurologists using telemedicine is similar to that by neurologists using a face-to-face consultation, and is more efficient than management by general physicians.

scholarly journals Discourses on the nursing and psychiatric nurse models, published in the Annals of Nursing (1933-1951)

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle de Macedo Pereira ◽  
Maria Itayra Padilha ◽  
Alexandre Barbosa de Oliveira ◽  
Tânia Cristina Franco Santos ◽  
Antonio José de Almeida Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Psychiatric Nursing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Psychiatric Nurse ◽  
Historical Sources

Social-historical study aimed at discussing the nursing and psychiatric nurse models, from the discourses published in the Annals of Nursing. The historical sources were articles published in the Annals of Nursing journal, from 1933 to 1951. An analysis of the discourse was subsidized by the genealogy of power by Michel Foucault. The analysis showed that the discourse on nursing and the psychiatric nurse, in the first half of the 20th century, is set, on one side, by the propositions used by psychiatrists, who sought to reiterate stereotypes and vocations to practice nursing, and, on the other side, by the active participation of nurses seeking to legitimize expertise for psychiatric nursing. It was concluded that the discourses analyzed defined a psychiatric care focused on the nurse and not the rest of the nursing staff, at that time.

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