On the Mechanism of Mental Processes, with Special Reference to Emotional Control

1911 ◽  
Vol 57 (236) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Rutherford Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Motor Reaction ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Precise Meaning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exciting Stimulus

Some psychiatrists attribute great importance to the neuro-insane diathesis as a factor in the causation of insanity, whilst others belittle its influence. The term is misleading, for it suggests that this diathesis is confined solely to the mentally afflicted, and, further, its precise meaning is vague. A person is generally accused of possessing the neuro-insane diathesis if he presents a temperament which appreciably diverges from the mean of the sanguine and of the phlegmatic; if his actions are unduly strenuous or torpid, his expressions unwarrantably enthusiastic or lukewarm, his moods very variable or religiously constant; in brief, the neuro-insane diathesis may be resolved into a tendency to psychic or motor reaction disproportionate to the exciting stimulus. In common speech the person is emotional. But every person who is emotional is not an incipient lunatic. The faculty of conceiving undue enthusiasm, of persevering unfalteringly in ambition, in order to attain the acme of success in any sphere of life, demands an emotional power in excess of the normal. It is ridiculous thus to brand the best men of all nations as possessors of the neuro-insane diathesis. The term, with its plausible air of scientific accusation, is misleading and vague, and should be wholly discarded. All that psychiatrists wish to convey by it may be more accurately and more descriptively called the emotional diathesis.

scholarly journals Psychology—Normal and Morbid

1901 ◽  
Vol 47 (198) ◽  
pp. 553-553
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Survey ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
Large Audience ◽  
Considerable Detail

We are well pleased to be able to state that Dr. Mercier's forthcoming work is now in the hands of the printers. It has been an open secret that his work for some years past has been nearing completion, and that it has at length assumed definite shape. The germ of Dr. Mercier's thesis has been already made known to us in his earlier writings, and now he is to produce the results of his matured thought and experience. The book is primarily intended as an introduction to the study of insanity, and under the title of Psychology, Normal and Morbid, it will constitute a general survey of mental processes with special reference to their bearing upon Conduct. The processes of reasoning, usually omitted from psychological works, are dealt with in considerable detail, this part of the book being practically a New Logic. Belief, with its morbid variant, Delusion; Truth; the theory of Probability which is extended from the domain of psychology; Will and Desire, in their normal and morbid manifestations; the significance of Pleasure and Pain; and the obscure region of Self-Consciousness are all dealt with from a new point of view, which permits of new conclusions being reached. Dr. Mercier's reputation as a psychologist drew a very large audience to the Royal Institution in May, when he delivered a lecture on Memory. No doubt that is promise of a still larger circle of readers intent to learn and to debate what is soon to be set forth in the systematic style above indicated.

The Estimation of the Efficiency of Sampling, with Special Reference to Sampling for Yield in Cereal Experiments

1935 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yates ◽  
I. Zacopanay
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Loss Of Information ◽  
Preliminary Discussion ◽  
Experimental Errors ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Mean

The estimation of the experimental yields of cereal crops by sampling methods is considered in the light of results of eighteen experiments which were harvested by these methods at Rothamsted and its associated centres. The harvesting results of the Crop-Weather series of experiments are also included.A preliminary discussion of the interpretation of the analysis of variance as applied to sampling results is given, and an expression is found for the loss of information arising out of sampling. The results of the discussion are applicable to all types of sampling carried out on replicated experiments.The sampling and experimental errors of all the experiments have been calculated. The variation between sampling units in the same subplot (usually between l/100th and l/200th acre) was found to be such as would arise if each metre length of row had a standard deviation (about the plot mean) of the order of 25–30 per cent. of the mean yield.

Methods of Turbocharging With Special Reference to Large Two-Stroke Diesel Engines

1967 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-264
Author(s):  
G. Gyssler
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Mean

In view of the steady increase in the mean pressures, the systems employed for turbo-charging diesel engines have been progressively developed. A number of methods have been applied, both to four-stroke and particularly to two-stroke engines. This paper compares the various systems with one another. Trends for future developments are outlined.

scholarly journals Variation of Carrying Angle With Age, Sex, Height and Special Reference to Side

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sharma ◽  
DI Mansur ◽  
K Khanal ◽  
MK Haque
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Acute Angle ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
Median Axis ◽  
Left Limb ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Carrying Angle

Background The carrying angle is defined as the acute angle made by the median axis of arm and median axis of forearm in full extension and supination. This angle permits the forearms to clear the hips in swinging movements during walking and is important when carrying objects.Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the values of carrying angle in both the sexes according to the age group in relation with height and special reference to side.Methods To evaluate the elbow carrying angle in normal children between 5-15 years by a manual goniometer, measurements were performed in 532 children (Male- 335, Female- 197), with the elbow in full extension and forearm in supination. Carrying angle was measured on right and left upper limbs to find out the difference on both the limbs. Their height, ages and sexes are also recorded. Bicipital groove, biceps brachii tendon at its insertion and palmaris longus tendon at the wrist were palpated and marked as anatomical landmarks to demarcate the median axes of arm and forearm respectively.Results The mean carrying angle of male on the left limb was 7.0359O and the female was 7.8030O and the mean carrying angle of male on the right limb was 4.5509O and the female was 4.9545O. We observed the greater carrying angle in non-dominant limb than the dominant limbs. There was significant positive correlation between height of students and carrying angle left (r =0.0866, p= 0.048<0.05), negative correlation between height and carrying angle right (r= -0.082, p= 0.058 >0.05).Conclusion The present study showed that the carrying angle was greater in female than in male and was greater in non-dominant arm than in dominant arm and the carrying angle was not inversely related to the height of the person.Kathmandu Univ Med J 2013; 11(4): 315-318

156. The composition of milk and whey, with special reference to the partition of calcium and phosphorus

1937 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Ling
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Rennet Coagulation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Standard Deviations

1. The means and standard deviations of analytical data obtained from fifty-four samples of mixed milk (alternate a.m. and p.m.) and whey from the College herd of Dairy Shorthorns are presented in Table I. The samples were taken at intervals during the period late September 1935 to November 1936.2. While no outstanding differences in composition are evident between morning and evening samples, the time of rennet coagulation was appreciably greater with the evening's samples. Evidence is presented to show that the longer time of cold storage of these samples must be regarded as a contributory cause of this effect.3. In the discussion of the mean values, special treatment has been given to the partition of calcium and phosphorus between the four phases, soluble and insoluble, organic and inorganic. The caseinogen values are examined in the light of current theories.

X.—A Method of Measuring Mental Processes in Normal and Insane People, with special reference to Maniac Depressive Insanity

1913 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 73-109
Author(s):  
George Rutherford Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Careful Observation ◽  
Rough Approximation

Among the problems which confront the psychiatrist in arriving at a judgment upon a mental case, few are more difficult than the estimation of the patient's mental working capacity. A rough approximation may be attained by careful observation of the patient's daily reaction to his surroundings—by the attitude he adopts to the little problems of his daily life; but such is, at best, only a very vague and unsatisfactory measure. To impose simple tasks for the purpose of obtaining objective criteria upon which to base our judgment is unusually difficult, and patients who were incapable of comprehending the new task would have to be excluded from its action; and to interest the patients in such a task sufficiently to persuade them to do their best is often not possible. The estimation of the working capacity of a large proportion of patients would thus seem at first sight to be beyond our powers to ascertain.

An electronic method for estimating the vaginal and uterine egg content of nematodes, with special reference to ascaridoids

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2253-2254 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Coulter Counter ◽  
Electronic Method ◽  
Contracaecum Osculatum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hysterothylacium Aduncum

A Coulter counter is shown to be a practical and sensitive electronic method for estimating the total vaginal and uterine egg content of two species of ascaridoid nematodes. Mean content was 20 000 (range, 5000 – 35 000) in Contracaecum osculatum (9 specimens), and 12 000 (5000 – 24 000) in Hysterothylacium aduncum (16 specimens). The mean number of eggs per milligram body weight was 319 (range, 152–483) in C. osculatum and 377 (218–590) in H. aduncum. The technique may be applicable to other ascaridoids, and perhaps to nematodes in general.

Functions of a statistical variate with given means, with special reference to Laplacian distributions

1947 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. K. Tweedie
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Generating Functions ◽  
Frequency Function ◽  
Sufficient Statistic ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Moment Generating Functions ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
The Mean

A method is described in general terms for finding the function of a variate of which the mean is a given function of a parameter of the population. This can sometimes be used for finding unbiased estimates and for finding the moments and moment-generating functions of a statistic when another statistic based on the same observations has a constant value. It is always available when the latter statistic is a ‘sufficient statistic’ for estimating the parameter, which requires the frequency function to be of a certain form. A number of examples are given.

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