Exploring the challenges and ethical requirements of medical sciences education during COVID-19: a qualitative study

The controversial role of ethics in clinical education and its ability to draw the attention of a large audience is inevitable. The issues and challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have transformed the clinical education environment. This study was conducted to explore the challenges and ethical requirements of medical sciences education during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The study was qualitative research and the instrument was a semi-structured interview. The participants included faculty members of the basic and clinical Sciences at Iran University of Medical Sciences. After 16 rounds of interviews, theoretical saturation was achieved. Qualitative data were analysed using conventional content analysis, which resulted in 81 preliminary codes and 28 sub-categories. Finally, two themes of "ethical challenges" and "ethical requirements", and 10 categories were achieved. The sub-categories were consisted of "being patient-centred", "social accountability of curriculums", "ethical challenges of the clinical environment", "the poor performance of the clinical faculty members and students", "being justice-centred", "raising awareness", "observing clinical research ethics", "preservation and promotion of mental health", "patient confidentiality", and "respect for individuals". We hope the ethical challenges in medical education that were created due to the emergence of Covid-19 can be reduced and eliminated by defining a framework for ethical requirements.

Digital Communication in Museums and Museological Spaces

SMM (social media marketing) aims to produce content that users share in their various social media applications in order to increase brand exposure and broaden customer reach. There are numerous marketing techniques to apply in social media in order to involve the customer, some of which have costs and others that do not. Digitization was a real challenge for any museum, requiring cautious and well-planned action to be successful. In this sense, the nature of social networks demands the adoption of a constructivist perspective, that is, a perspective that involves affirmations of knowledge based on individual and collective experiences. Presently, being present in social networks presents itself as a high value advantage, allowing the exposure of the brand, product, or idea at a low cost to a large audience. This chapter aims to systematize some relational marketing best practices that are identified in the museums and museum spaces in “Baixo Alentejo” (Portugal). Specifically, some examples of relational marketing in terms of communication will be identified and analysed.

A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON THE DISSEMINATION OF COVID -19 VACCINE MISINFORMATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA

In recent years, COVID-19 vaccine-related issues and viewpoints have aroused significant anxiety and concern. Several research studies are extracting, tracking, and evaluating prevalent public opinions on social media and making efforts to curb the misinformation spread. But, there is still a large audience that perceives vaccination as a threat, which in turn reduces our ability to fight effectively against the pandemic. This bibliometric study aims to explore the distribution of capabilities of researchers, institutions, and countries, research themes, and frontiers of Covid-19 vaccine-related misinformation trending on social media since the rollout of these vaccines. The Scopus online database was used for analysis. Excel 2016 and VOSViewer (version 1.6.17) software were used to report the visualizations of infodemic literature on COVID Vaccine on social media. Annual publications, top contributing authors, top-cited journals and author affiliation, leading subject areas, the top country in publication, and keyword network were among the key findings. Future researchers can use these findings to create a baseline before studying Covid-19 vaccine misinformation on social media. Furthermore, it may help in compiling crucial knowledge, trends, and lessons from existing researches to provide useful insights to handle similar phenomena in the future.

Promoting Creators Intentions: Measurement of Crowdfunding Performance

Crowdfunding is an activity to collect small amounts of funds from a large audience via the internet without involving a financing intermediary. This study aims to determine the effect of fundraising, product testing, relationship reliability, and awareness-raising on the performance of the crowdfunding platform as an alternative source of business or business funding. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach, where Google forms were distributed to 267 project proponents, owners, or administrators in ASEAN countries as a sample and 197 sets of questionnaires were returned with complete answers and further analyzed. The data analysis used includes descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that all independent variables, namely the creator's intention in the form of fundraising, product testing, relationship reliability, and awareness-raising, have a positive and significant influence on the performance of the crowdfunding platform. This has practical implications that the creator's intention must be a concern for project proponents and fund owners who invest or distribute their funds in addition to paying attention to the business proposal and the reliability of the crowdfunding platform operator.

Funding Democracy: Public Media and Democratic Health in 33 Countries

This study examines whether and how public media systems contribute to the health of democracies in 33 countries in Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, the Middle East, Latin America, and South America. We gather national economic data and public media funding levels, audience shares, and regulatory data, primarily for 2018 and 2019 but in some cases earlier, due to lack of available data. We then assess correlations with strength of democracy indices and extend Hallin and Mancini's typology of North American and European media systems through hierarchical cluster analysis of these 33 countries. We find five models of public media systems around the world, ranging from “state-administered” systems with low levels of independence (Botswana and Tunisia) to systems aligning with Hallin and Mancini's “Democratic Corporatist” model, with strong and secure (multiyear) funding, large audience shares, and strong regulatory protection for their independence. In between, we identify three mixed models: a “Liberal-Pluralist” model, a “Direct Funding” model, and a “Commercial–Public” model. Correlations and cluster analyses show that high levels of secure funding for public media systems and strong structural protections for the political and economic independence of those systems are consistently and positively correlated with healthy democracies.

On the Classification of Fake Information During the Coronavirus Pandemic

This article presents the classification of fakes on grounds of the information source that underlies the occurrence of false information. The study was perfomed on the coronavirus fakes that spread in Russian Federation in March 2020 during the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic in our country. For the analysis, only those fakes were taken, which the Administrations of the Russian regions promptly denied in their official accounts on social networks. Based on this, only those fakes that caused the greatest public response were selected for analysis. In this article, the following types of fakes are distinguished: folklore, symmetric, interpretive, additional, and conspiracy. Folklore fakes in various variations reproduce the same motives and are associated with well-established ideas and stereotypes in the mass consciousness. Symmetrical fakes partially or completely transfer true facts from one territory (country, region) to another. They can also transfer information from one person (structure) to another (s). Interpretative fakes are associated with the incorrect interpretation of events, information disseminated, or decisions made by the authorities by individual individuals. Additional fakes for a short period of time continue the theme of previously thrown disinformation. Conspiracy fakes are associated with conspiracy theory, characterized by stuffing on a wide territory and a large audience This classification is not exhaustive and can be supplemented as new fakes appear and are studied. Also, within the framework of this article, recommendations are given on how to refute a particular fake, depending on its belonging to a particular type.

Social Media Research Network: Social Media Toolkit

The Social Media Research Network was co-founded by Chantelle Roulston and Akash Shroff in August 2021 with the support of Dr. Jessica Schleider and the Lab for Scalable Mental Health (LSMH). Since 2018, LSMH has been recruiting adolescents and parents using social media—primarily Facebook and Instagram. As of September 2021, our social media presence has reached 1.4 million people across the world. More than 35,000 individuals have interacted with our posts and messages and more than 6,000 youth, young adults, and parents have completed our single-session interventions. We wanted to share our current success and improve our processes by forming a collaboration of psychology/adolescent development research labs.The SMRN Social Media Toolkit is designed to consolidate social media experiences and suggestions from various labs into a useful document for others to use. This is by no means an exhaustive list of social media platforms and suggestions. We have limited the toolkit to include the use of Facebook and Instagram, owned and trademarked by Meta Platforms, Inc.. Instagram and Facebook encompass a very large audience (diverse in age, location, and race/ethnicity). The platforms have a lot of overlap and have been successful in research efforts for the authors. This toolkit outlines broad concepts of branding, post design, and post management. It also provides details, suggestions, and tips on how to create an account, gain a following, increase engagement, and more on both Facebook and Instagram. . Lastly, it details the process of using paid Facebook and Instagram advertisements for research purposes (i.e., recruiting participants).The ultimate goal of SMRN is to increase collaboration across research groups so that we can leverage the entire network’s social media presence to improve recruitment, science communication, and outreach efforts for all research groups involved. We hope this document will serve as a preliminary guide for the research groups within the network.

Effects of Anthropic and Ambient Vibrations on Archaeological Sites: The Case of the Circus Maximus in Rome

The vibration effects on the Torre della Moletta and the ruins of the Circus Maximus in Rome are analyzed in the framework of a preservation effort of this archaeological area. Thanks to its exceptional size, the Circus hosts many social events with large audience (pop-music, opera concerts, sport celebrations, etc.) every year, thus taking the structures under high anthropic and environmental stress. Recordings were completed before, during, and after the concert of a famous band, on 7 September 2019. Data were analyzed, both in time and frequency domains. The experimental dynamic recordings were coupled with a surface waves test and single-station ambient vibration recordings, which were useful for the geotechnical characterization of the soil. The results pointed out the differences in amplitudes but also in terms of frequency content of the recorded velocities during the concert with respect to before and after it. The maximum velocities recorded at various locations were almost similar to the limit values suggested by codes. The dynamic behavior of the ground and the structures is influenced by the presence of buried structures.

PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF ELDERLY PEOPLE IN PANDEMIC PERIOD (features of online webinars support)

The article analyzes the features of technical organization and support of online webinars created for psychological support of the elderly and their families, their testing in social networks and use on the Internet by the target audience. The peculiarities of using the ZOOM platform, AnswerGarden and Padlet services to conduct a series of webinars created within the objectives of the project «Psychological support for the elderly in pandemic period», recommended for implementation in 2020-2021 with grant support by the National Research Foundation of Ukraine. Using online services for a series of webinars allowed participants to save time, as they do not need to spend it on the way to the venue of the webinars; most of the participants were in different cities and regions of Ukraine; Convenience was also important, as webinars participants could be in a convenient place. The results of webinars participant’s registration are covered, in particular: age category, type of employment, territorial affiliation. Here is an example of statistics on webinars views on the YouTube channel «Vik Obranyh». It is determined that the advantages of using webinars are: providing information accessible, understandable to anyone, language, taking into account the age characteristics of the elderly, reaching a large audience. The practical value of webinars lies in influencing the emotional, cog-nitive, and behavioral components of the individual's psyche to provide psychological support to older people who are in difficult life circumstances due to forced self-isolation. The social effect of webinars is that the use of the information obtained will help to improve the psychological well-being of older people in conditions of forced self-isolation. Difficulties identified during the webinar cycle were identified. The ways of high-quality provision of webinars organization, attraction of the audience with the help of advertising posts and e-mail mailings are revealed

Effect of Rosin Modification on the Visual Characteristics of Round Bamboo Culm

Rosin was used to treat round bamboo culm using the impregnation method. The quantitative color and gloss measurements combined with a qualitative eye tracking experiment were used to evaluate the effect of rosin treatment under different temperatures on the visual characteristics of the bamboo surface. Surface morphology analysis was also used to explore the mechanism of modification. The results showed that proper heating of the modified system was conducive to the formation of a continuous rosin film, which increased the gloss value. The maximum gloss value of 19.6 achieved at 50 °C was 122.7% higher than the gloss value of the control group. Heating decreased the brightness of the bamboo culm and changed the color from the green and yellow tones to red and blue. Additionally, at temperatures higher than 60 °C, the bamboo epidermal layer was damaged or shed, and stripes formed on the culm surface. The density of these stripes increased with an increase in treatment temperature. Eye movement experiment and subjective evaluation showed that high gloss would produce dazzling feeling, such as at 50 °C, while low gloss will appear dim, such as at 80 °C, while the gloss at 40 °C and 60 °C were appropriate. Additionally, the solid color surface below 60 °C had a large audience of about 73%, and the striped surface above 60 °C was preferred by 27% of the subjects.