Diagnosis of Depression in Alcohol Dependence: Changes in Prevalence with Drinking Status

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Antidepressant Treatments ◽  
Drinking Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Abstinence From Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

BackgroundDepression and alcohol dependence are frequently found to co-exist but the relationship between these disorders requires further elucidation. This study tested several hypotheses related to the relevance of whether the diagnosis of depression was made before admission or after detoxification in the current episode for those with alcohol dependence.MethodThe Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) was administered to obtain Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) on 82 randomly selected alcohol dependent in-patients. Alcohol-related (Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ), alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems), socio-demographic variables and treatment for depression were assessed.ResultsFor the episode of drinking which led to admission, a diagnosis of major depression was found in the majority of patients (67%). Once detoxification from alcohol took place, only the minority (13%) met criteria for major depression.ConclusionsIt is suggested that depression is largely associated with the episode of drinking which led to admission in patients who are dependent on alcohol and may be due to the effect of chronic alcohol intoxication. Socio-demographic and alcohol-related characteristics appear to bear little relation to the presence of depression. Clinicians exercise appropriate judgement in not prescribing antidepressant treatments to patients whose depression may remit with abstinence from alcohol.

Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

scholarly journals Deficits of Prospective Capacity as Possible Mechanism in Pathogenesis of Alcohol Dependence

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.D. Tuchina ◽  
D.I. Shustov ◽  
T.V. Agibalova ◽  
S.A. Shustova
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Adult Children Of Alcoholics ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Children Of Alcoholics ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Outpatient Psychotherapy ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Case Studies ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

The article presents a taxonomy of prospective capacity (PC) relying on the up-to-date understanding of its neurobiological and psychological mechanisms. The rationale for the existence of a dissociation between adaptive and maladaptive manifestations of explicit and implicit forms of PC rests on a study of clinical cases of alcohol-dependent patients (N=5) and adult children of alcoholics (N=1), who ap plied for outpatient psychotherapy of alcohol dependence or related issues. The patients underwent specific semi-structured interviews (Shustov et al., 2000; Johnsson, 2011); completed the Life Line method (Nurkova, 2000) and compiled genograms (McGoldrick et al, 2008). Based on the findings of clinical case studies, the authors have proposed that alcohol-dependent patients’ PC deficits that aggravate the course of alcohol dependence may relate to the existence of socially and culturally bound automatic prospective schemata, i.e. scripts that relate to specific states of self and actualize under uncertainty, stress and/or alcohol intoxication.

An Assessment of the Effects of Alcohol Ordinances on Selected Behaviors and Conditions

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thomas Dull ◽  
David J. Giacopassi
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Alcohol Outlets ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Alcohol Availability ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

This study explores the relationship of the availability of alcohol to various deleterious behaviors and conditions to determine whether laws restricting legal access to alcohol result in a lower incidence of these phenomena. Two alcohol availability measures (city-county ordinance governing the sale of alcohol and number of alcohol outlets per 100,000 population) and five socio-demographic variables were used as independent variables to determine their relationship to the dependent variables of homicide rate, suicide rate, motor vehicle fatality rate, and liver mortality rate. The findings indicate that alcohol availability measures are almost uniformly negatively correlated with the dependent variables. The “forbidden fruit” concept was advanced to explain the findings and questions were raised concerning the effectiveness of utilizing alcohol regulatory measures to reduce alcohol-related problems.

Factors related to internalization of stigma for alcohol dependence among Korean men

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung Yul Lyu ◽  
Kyunghee Lee ◽  
Ivy Lynne Bejerano
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Internalized Stigma ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Stigma Of Mental Illness ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Good Access ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

We investigated the relationships among internalized stigma and insight, depression, and self-esteem with a convenience sample of 174 alcohol-dependent Korean men being treated in the alcoholic ward of a psychiatric hospital. Data were collected using the Korean version of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory II and the Hanil Alcohol Insight Scale. Results showed a significant variation in internalized stigma in relation to age, employment status, and frequency of admission to hospital for treatment for alcohol dependence. The correlation between internalized stigma and insight was not significant but the correlation between depression and self-esteem was statistically significant. The results provide information for the formulating of relevant interventions to address depressive symptoms, improve self-esteem, and devise a plan to enable people with alcohol-related problems or alcohol dependence to have good access to community resources.

scholarly journals Do Individuals with Alcohol Dependence Show Higher Unfairness Sensitivity? The Relationship Between Impulsivity and Unfairness Sensitivity in Alcohol-Dependent Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2016-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryotaro Tsukue ◽  
Yasumasa Okamoto ◽  
Atsuo Yoshino ◽  
Yoshihiko Kunisato ◽  
Koki Takagaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

scholarly journals An overlooked issue: sexual dysfunctions in men addicted to alcohol

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Siembida ◽  
Piotr Frończuk ◽  
Justyna Morylowska-Topolska ◽  
Aleksandra Siek ◽  
Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Keywords Alcohol ◽  
Psychiatric Complications ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Abstract Introduction According to the data obtained in the EZOP Poland study (2015), the prevalence of alcohol dependence in lifetime in Poland amounts to about 2.2% of the population, entailing enormous social, family and personal harm, including health damage. It is estimated that about 72% of alcohol-dependent patients complain about one or more problems related to the sexual sphere, which may result from both the development of somatic complications in the course of alcohol dependence, and from psychiatric complications that themselves can lead to sexual dysfunction. There are reports and clinical observations indicating that the occurrence of sexual dysfunction (SD) can affect the shortening or interruption of the period of abstinence. Aim The aim of this work is to show sexual dysfunctions in alcohol-dependent men and to discuss the factors that may affect the occurrence of the above-mentioned dysfunctions. Material and methods The available literature was reviewed using Medline, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect browsers by entering the keywords: alcohol dependence, sexual dysfunction, comorbidity, alcohol-caused diseases and time descriptors: 1979-2016. Results • Alcohol dependence is associated with the occurrence of various types of sexual dysfunctions (SD). • The diagnosis of SD should take into account all possible causes that may lead to the development of SD in this group of patients, including the comorbidity of somatic diseases or the negative impact of drugs on sexual function. • Occurrence of SD is connected with a higher risk of abstinence interruption. • There is a need to carry out more research in order to better understand the relationship between alcohol dependence and the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions.

scholarly journals The Association between Alcohol Dependence and Depression before and after Treatment for Alcohol Dependence

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary W. Kuria ◽  
David M. Ndetei ◽  
Isodore S. Obot ◽  
Lincoln I. Khasakhala ◽  
Betty M. Bagaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Audit Score ◽  
Alcohol Detoxification ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

The presence of depression in alcohol-dependent persons is likely to influence treatment process and outcomes. Identification of depression is important though not every depressed alcohol-dependent person requires treatment with antidepressants. Understanding the association between depression and alcohol dependence is essential for proper management of alcohol dependence. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of depression among alcohol-dependent persons before and after alcohol detoxification and rehabilitation. Design. Clinical trial with pre-/postmeasurements. Method. The CIDI and WHO-ASSIST were administered to 188 alcohol-dependent persons at intake and after six months. A researcher-designed sociodemographic questionnaire was also administered at intake. Results. The prevalence of depression among alcohol-dependent persons is high (63.8%) with a significant association between depression and the mean AUDIT score. At posttest, depressed participants had a statistically significant craving for alcohol. Conclusion. Alcohol dependence is associated with major depression.

scholarly journals Postprint BuckfieldSinclairGlautier (2020) Slow associative learning in alcohol dependence and the Alcohol Cue Exposure Treatment Paradox

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Buckfield ◽  
Julia Sinclair ◽  
Steven Glautier
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Contextual Control ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Drinking Status ◽  
Status Interaction ◽  
Recovery Block ◽  
The University ◽  
Cue Exposure Treatment ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

The published version is available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/add.15210 AimsTo examine two explanations for the observation that cue-exposure treatment has not been clearly effective in the treatment of alcohol dependence: do alcohol dependent individuals have either 1) slower extinction and/or 2) greater contextual specificity of extinction than non-dependent individuals? DesignIn two exploratory laboratory experiments we used mixed factorial designs with two-group between-subjects factors and within-subjects factors corresponding to performance in different parts of a computer-based learning task.SettingUniversity of Southampton psychology research laboratories and two addiction treatment services in the city of Southampton, UK.ParticipantsExperiment 1: Seventy-four (54 female) undergraduates from the University of Southampton (age M=20.4 years). Experiment 2: One-hundred and two (40 female) participants from the University of Southampton, the local community, and from two Southampton alcohol treatment services (age M=41.3 years). MeasurementsThe Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, a 1-week time-line follow-back alcohol consumption questionnaire, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (11th Ed), and a computerised learning task. Experiment 2 additionally used the 44-item Big Five Inventory, a drug use history checklist, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. FindingsExperiment 1: light and heavy drinkers did not differ significantly in extinction (extinction block x drinking status interaction, p=.761, η_p^2=.005, 95% confidence interval (0,.028)) or on contextual control of extinction (recovery block x drinking status interaction, p=.514, η_p^2=.009, 95% confidence interval (0,.084)). Experiment 2: slower extinction in abstinent alcohol dependent participants compared with light drinkers (extinction block x drinking status interaction, p=.023, η_p^2=.031, 95% confidence interval (0,.069)) but no significant difference on contextual control of extinction (recovery block x drinking status interaction, p=.069, η_p^2=.033, 95% confidence interval (0,.125)). ConclusionAbstinent alcohol dependent people may have slower extinction learning for alcohol-related cues, than non-dependent light drinkers.

scholarly journals KPNA3Variation Is Associated with Schizophrenia, Major Depression, Opiate Dependence and Alcohol Dependence

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles P. Morris ◽  
Bernhard T. Baune ◽  
Katharina Domschke ◽  
Volker Arolt ◽  
Christopher D. Swagell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Opiate Dependence ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Block Based ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

KPNA3is a gene that has been linked to schizophrenia susceptibility. In this study we investigated the possible association betweenKPNA3variation and schizophrenia. To investigate a wider role ofKPNA3across psychiatric disorders we also analysed major depression, PTSD, nicotine dependent, alcohol dependent and opiate dependent cohorts. Using a haplotype block-based gene-tagging approach we genotyped sixKPNA3single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 157 schizophrenia patients, 121 post-traumatic stress disorder patients, 120 opiate dependent patients, 231 alcohol dependent patients, 147 nicotine dependent patients and 266 major depression patients. One SNP rs2273816 was found to be significantly associated with schizophrenia, opiate dependence and alcohol dependence at the genotype and allele level. Major depression was also associated with rs2273816 but only at the allele level. Our study suggests that KPNA3 may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia as well as other psychiatric disorders.

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