scholarly journals Do Individuals with Alcohol Dependence Show Higher Unfairness Sensitivity? The Relationship Between Impulsivity and Unfairness Sensitivity in Alcohol-Dependent Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2016-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryotaro Tsukue ◽  
Yasumasa Okamoto ◽  
Atsuo Yoshino ◽  
Yoshihiko Kunisato ◽  
Koki Takagaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Diagnosis of Depression in Alcohol Dependence: Changes in Prevalence with Drinking Status

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Antidepressant Treatments ◽  
Drinking Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Abstinence From Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

BackgroundDepression and alcohol dependence are frequently found to co-exist but the relationship between these disorders requires further elucidation. This study tested several hypotheses related to the relevance of whether the diagnosis of depression was made before admission or after detoxification in the current episode for those with alcohol dependence.MethodThe Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) was administered to obtain Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) on 82 randomly selected alcohol dependent in-patients. Alcohol-related (Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ), alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems), socio-demographic variables and treatment for depression were assessed.ResultsFor the episode of drinking which led to admission, a diagnosis of major depression was found in the majority of patients (67%). Once detoxification from alcohol took place, only the minority (13%) met criteria for major depression.ConclusionsIt is suggested that depression is largely associated with the episode of drinking which led to admission in patients who are dependent on alcohol and may be due to the effect of chronic alcohol intoxication. Socio-demographic and alcohol-related characteristics appear to bear little relation to the presence of depression. Clinicians exercise appropriate judgement in not prescribing antidepressant treatments to patients whose depression may remit with abstinence from alcohol.

scholarly journals An overlooked issue: sexual dysfunctions in men addicted to alcohol

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Siembida ◽  
Piotr Frończuk ◽  
Justyna Morylowska-Topolska ◽  
Aleksandra Siek ◽  
Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Keywords Alcohol ◽  
Psychiatric Complications ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Abstract Introduction According to the data obtained in the EZOP Poland study (2015), the prevalence of alcohol dependence in lifetime in Poland amounts to about 2.2% of the population, entailing enormous social, family and personal harm, including health damage. It is estimated that about 72% of alcohol-dependent patients complain about one or more problems related to the sexual sphere, which may result from both the development of somatic complications in the course of alcohol dependence, and from psychiatric complications that themselves can lead to sexual dysfunction. There are reports and clinical observations indicating that the occurrence of sexual dysfunction (SD) can affect the shortening or interruption of the period of abstinence. Aim The aim of this work is to show sexual dysfunctions in alcohol-dependent men and to discuss the factors that may affect the occurrence of the above-mentioned dysfunctions. Material and methods The available literature was reviewed using Medline, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect browsers by entering the keywords: alcohol dependence, sexual dysfunction, comorbidity, alcohol-caused diseases and time descriptors: 1979-2016. Results • Alcohol dependence is associated with the occurrence of various types of sexual dysfunctions (SD). • The diagnosis of SD should take into account all possible causes that may lead to the development of SD in this group of patients, including the comorbidity of somatic diseases or the negative impact of drugs on sexual function. • Occurrence of SD is connected with a higher risk of abstinence interruption. • There is a need to carry out more research in order to better understand the relationship between alcohol dependence and the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence Components in Alcohol Dependent and Mentally Healthy Individuals

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Mohagheghi ◽  
Shahrokh Amiri ◽  
Seyedreza Mousavi Rizi ◽  
Salman Safikhanlou
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Objective. Emotional intelligence might play an important role in the onset and persistence of different psychopathologies. This study investigated the relationship between emotional intelligence and alcohol dependence.Methods. In this case-control study, participants included alcohol dependent individuals and mentally healthy inpatients. Each group consisted of 40 individuals (male/female: 1). The diagnosis was based on the criteria of the DSM-IV-TR using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-IV). All the participants completed Bar-On emotional intelligence test.Results. 20 males and 20 females were included in each group. Mean age of alcohol dependent participants and controls was 31.28 ± 7.82 and 34.93 ± 9.83 years in that order. The analyses showed that the alcohol dependent individuals had a significant difference compared with the control group and received lower scores in empathy, responsibility, impulse control, self-esteem, optimism, emotional consciousness, stress tolerance, autonomy, problem-solving, and total score of emotional intelligence components.Conclusion. Patients with alcohol dependence have deficits in components of emotional intelligence. Identifying and targeted training of the individuals with lower scores in components of emotional intelligence may be effective in prevention of alcohol dependence.

Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

Relationship between insomnia and tobacco smoking in alcohol-dependent patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S398-S398
Author(s):  
A. Wnorowska ◽  
A. Jakubczyk ◽  
A. Klimkiewicz ◽  
A. Mach ◽  
K. Brower ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Tobacco Dependence ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Study Group ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

IntroductionInsomnia and tobacco use are frequent and important problems in alcohol-dependent patients. However, the relationship between sleep problems and cigarette smoking was not thoroughly investigated in this population.AimThe purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between tobacco smoking and severity of insomnia in alcohol-dependent patients in treatment. We also aimed at assessing other predictors of insomnia in this population.MethodsThe study group comprised 384 alcohol-dependent patients. Standardized tools were used to assess: tobacco dependence (Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence [FTND]), sleep problems (Athens Insomnia Scale [AIS]), severity of alcohol dependence (Michigan Alcohol Screening Test [MAST]) and drinking quantities before entering treatment (Timeline Follow Back [TFLB]). Other comorbid psychiatric symptoms were assessed using Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and Barratt's Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11).ResultsThe study group included 79.1% of current smokers, 62% of participants reported insomnia (AIS). The mean FTND score was 6.05 ± 2.18. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that the severity of tobacco dependence was significantly associated with the severity of insomnia (FTND, beta = 0.140, P = 0.013). Other factors associated with insomnia that remained significant in multivariate model were severity of psychopathological symptoms (BSI, beta = 0.422, P < 0.0005) and intensity of drinking (TLFB, beta = 0.123, P = 0.034).ConclusionTobacco use may predict severity of insomnia in alcohol-dependent patients. This finding may have important clinical implications and influence strategies applied in treatment of alcohol use disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Comorbidity among alcohol and tobacco dependent patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
A. Zoghlami ◽  
D. Blauensteiner ◽  
O. Scheibenbogen ◽  
S. Zadro-Jäger ◽  
M. Musalek
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Withdrawal Therapy ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Drug Use Disorder ◽  
Group Allocation ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

IntroductionPsychiatric concomitant diseases are common with alcohol and tobacco dependent patients. Few studies have compared comorbidities between alcohol dependent smokers and non-smokers.AimsThe aim of this study is to examine the pattern of psychiatric comorbidity among alcohol dependent smokers in an inpatient alcohol therapy unit.Material and methodAfter successfully completing withdrawal therapy, subjects between the ages of 18–65 years who meet the ICD 10 criteria for alcohol dependence and no criteria for other drug use disorder except smoking, and who were participating in an inpatient treatment program for alcohol dependence at Anton Proksch Institut were included.ResultsThis is a preliminary analysis of the survey. In total 81 patients could be examined. 53.1% of the interviewed subjects were female and 46.9% male. The explored samples age ranged from 21–66 years.74.1% of the questioned subjects were smokers, 60% of these patients smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day.Preliminary analysis shows that smoking alcohol dependent patients present a higher comorbidity rate than non-smokers but above all they show a tendency to increased anxiety disorders. Within the population of smokers 48.3% suffer from an anxiety disorder, 48.3% from depression and dysthymia, 12.1% from manic and hypomanic disorder and 5.2% from psychosis. These differences are not clinically significant. This can be explained by the small number of the sample and by the group allocation.ConclusionAlcohol addicted patients exhibit heightened psychiatric comorbidity. Smoking alcohol dependents are more frequently affected and have a disposition to psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals The efficacy of iCBT added to treatment as usual for alcohol dependent patients in Primary Care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Hyland ◽  
Anders Hammarberg ◽  
Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf ◽  
Magnus Johansson ◽  
Sven Andreasson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Abstract Introduction Alcohol dependence is a common disorder with a continuum regarding severity. Most alcohol dependent persons have a moderate level of dependence and live under socially orderly conditions. Treatment seeking in this group is low, mainly due to stigma and because treatment options are seen as unappealing. Alcohol is a relevant topic to discuss in many primary care (PC) consultations and PC is less stigmatizing to visit compared to addiction care units for people with alcohol problems. General practitioners (GP) hesitate to engage in treating alcohol problems due to time constraints and lack of knowledge. Screening and brief interventions are effective for high consumers but there are few studies on dependence. Methods This is a two-group, parallel, randomized controlled trial (RCT). The aim is to study whether an Internet based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (iCBT) when added to treatment as usual (TAU) is more effective than TAU only for alcohol dependence in PC. 260 adults with alcohol dependence will be included. Participants are randomized to iCBT and TAU or TAU only. The primary study outcome is alcohol consumption in grams per week and heavy drinking days. Secondary outcomes include alcohol related problem severity, number of diagnostic criteria for alcohol dependence, depression and anxiety symptoms, health related quality of life and biochemical markers for high consumption and liver pathology. Data will be analyzed using mixed-effect models. Discussion Internet based interventions are attractive to and have been shown to reach people with alcohol problems. Yet there are no studies investigating the efficacy of internet treatment of alcohol dependence in PC. In this study we hypothesize that iCBT when added to TAU will improve treatment outcome for alcohol dependence in PC, compared to TAU only. If effective, iCBT can be distributed to the public to a low cost for a stakeholder and has the opportunity to reduce both short term and long-term public health costs. Trial registration: ISRCTN69957414. Retrospectively registered 07/06/2018. http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN69957414

scholarly journals Cortical Glutamate and GABA Changes During Early Abstinence in Alcohol Dependence and Their Associations With Benzodiazepine Medication

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoying Wang ◽  
Wolfgang Weber-Fahr ◽  
Ulrich Frischknecht ◽  
Derik Hermann ◽  
Falk Kiefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Withdrawal Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Single Voxel ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

In this report, we present cross-sectional and longitudinal findings from single-voxel MEGA-PRESS MRS of GABA as well as Glu, and Glu + glutamine (Glx) concentrations in the ACC of treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent patients (ADPs) during detoxification (first 2 weeks of abstinence). The focus of this study was to examine whether the amount of benzodiazepine administered to treat withdrawal symptoms was associated with longitudinal changes in Glu, Glx, and GABA. The tNAA levels served as an internal quality reference; in agreement with the vast majority of previous reports, these levels were initially decreased and normalized during the course of abstinence in ADPs. Our results on Glu and Glx support hyperglutamatergic functioning during alcohol withdrawal, by showing higher ACC Glu and Glx levels on the first day of detoxification in ADPs. Withdrawal severity is reflected in cumulative benzodiazepine requirements throughout the withdrawal period. The importance of withdrawal severity for the study of GABA and Glu changes in early abstinence is emphasized by the benzodiazepine-dependent Glu, Glx, and GABA changes observed during the course of abstinence.

scholarly journals A Prospective Comparison of Bipolar I and II Subjects With and Without Comorbid Alcohol Dependence From the COGA Dataset

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich W. Preuss ◽  
M. N. Hesselbrock ◽  
V. M. Hesselbrock
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Prospective Comparison ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Objective: Comorbidity of alcohol use disorders in bipolar subjects is high as indicated by epidemiological and clinical studies. Though a more severe course of bipolar disorder in subjects with comorbid alcohol dependence has been reported, fewer studies considered the longitudinal course of alcohol dependence in bipolar subjects and the prospective course of comorbid bipolar II subjects. Beside baseline analysis, longitudinal data of the COGA (Collaborative Study on Genetics in Alcoholism) were used to evaluate the course of bipolar I and II disordered subjects with and without comorbid alcohol dependence over more than 5 years of follow-up.Methods: Characteristics of bipolar disorder, alcohol dependence and comorbid psychiatric disorders were assessed using semi-structured interviews (SSAGA) at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up. Two hundred twenty-eight bipolar I and II patients were subdivided into groups with and without comorbid alcohol dependence.Results: Of the 152 bipolar I and 76 bipolar II patients, 172 (75, 4%) had a comorbid diagnosis of alcohol dependence. Bipolar I patients with alcohol dependence, in particular women, had a more severe course of bipolar disorder, worse social functioning and more suicidal behavior than all other groups of subjects during the 5-year follow-up. In contrast, alcohol dependence improved significantly in both comorbid bipolar I and II individuals during this time.Conclusions: A 5-year prospective evaluation of bipolar patients with and without alcohol dependence confirmed previous investigations suggesting a more severe course of bipolar disorder in comorbid bipolar I individuals, whereas bipolar II individuals were less severely impaired by comorbid alcohol use disorder. While severity of alcohol dependence improved during this time in comorbid alcohol-dependent bipolar I patients, the unfavorable outcome for these individuals might be due to the higher comorbidity with personality and other substance use disorders which, together with alcohol dependence, eventually lead to poorer symptomatic and functional clinical outcomes.

Marital Satisfaction Among Spouses of Male Patients with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Humayoon Akbar ◽  
Sudhakar S. ◽  
Shanthi B. ◽  
Khadeja Bi ◽  
Jayaseelan R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

BACKGROUND One third of Indians consume alcohol and there is an alarming annual increase in alcohol consumption. Majority of spouses of alcohol dependent males are also the primary care-takers of their husbands and are at risk of domestic violence. Marital dissatisfaction could reduce their involvement in getting their spouses treated for alcohol dependence. Our aim was to study the marital satisfaction among the spouses of patients with alcohol dependence. METHODOLOGY This study was conducted on spouses of male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome attending the psychiatry department of a tertiary care medical college hospital in Kanchipuram District in Tamilnadu. 200 consecutive male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome using the ICD 10 criteria were recruited. Severity of alcohol dependence was assessed using Short Alcohol Dependence Data (SADD). Marital satisfaction among the spouses was assessed using ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (EMS) Scale. Analysis of the data was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. RESULTS The mean age of alcohol dependent men and their spouses were 43.05±9.39 and 37.58±8.86 years respectively. Most of the spouses (83.5%) had done their primary education only and 50% were house-wives (unemployed). Majority of men earned between Rs.5000 to 10,000 and most of them were unskilled workers belonging to the lower socio-economic group in the rural areas. The mean SADD and EMS scores were 25.05 ± 8.891 and 31.76 ± 14.45 respectively. 74% of men in our study population were highly dependent on alcohol. Amongst the spouses of men with severe dependence 68.9% reported moderate and 28.3% reported low marital satisfaction. DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION Majority of alcohol dependent men suffered from severe dependence. An inverse relationship between marital satisfaction scores and severity of alcohol dependence was observed. Alcohol dependence and its severity was noted to have an adverse impact on marital satisfaction among spouses of the dependent patients.

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