Post and pre‐stack seismic reflection data processing of 3D reflection seismic surveys over a CO2injection

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Harbert ◽  
Christopher Purcell ◽  
Alan Mur
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Reflection Seismic ◽  
Reflection Data

A multioffset, three‐component VSP study in the Sudbury Basin

Geophysics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao‐Gui Miao ◽  
Wooil M. Moon ◽  
B. Milkereit
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Velocity Structure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Velocity Models ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Wavefield Separation ◽  
Vsp Data

A multioffset, three‐component vertical seismic profiling (VSP) experiment was carried out in the Sudbury Basin, Ontario, as a part of the LITHOPROBE Sudbury Transect. The main objectives were determination of the shallow velocity structure in the middle of the Sudbury Basin, development of an effective VSP data processing flow, correlation of the VSP survey results with the surface seismic reflection data, and demonstration of the usefulness of the VSP method in a crystalline rock environment. The VSP data processing steps included rotation of the horizontal component data, traveltime inversion for velocity analysis, Radon transform for wavefield separation, and preliminary analysis of shear‐wave data. After wavefield separation, the flattened upgoing wavefields for both P‐waves and S‐waves display consistent reflection events from three depth levels. The VSP-CDP transformed section and corridor stacked section correlate well with the high‐resolution surface reflection data. In addition to obtaining realistic velocity models for both P‐ and S‐waves through least‐square inversion and synthetic seismic modeling for the Chelmsford area, the VSP experiment provided an independent estimation for the reflector dip using three component hodogram analysis, which indicates that the dip of the contact between the Chelmsford and Onwatin formations, at an approximate depth of 380 m in the Chelmsford borehole, is approximately 10.5° southeast. This study demonstrates that multioffset, three‐component VSP experiments can provide important constraints and auxiliary information for shallow crustal seismic studies in crystalline terrain. Thus, the VSP technique bridges the gap between the surface seismic‐reflection technique and well‐log surveys.

Integrating S‐wave seismic‐reflection data and cone penetration test data using a multiangle multiscale approach

Geophysics ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranajit Ghose ◽  
Jeroen Goudswaard
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Multiscale Analysis ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Cone Resistance ◽  
Reflection Seismic ◽  
Reflection Data

A cone penetration test (CPT) is the most common geotechnical testing method used to estimate in situ the strength properties of soil. Although CPT provides valuable information, this information is restricted to the location of the measurement. We propose a new concept to integrate shallow S‐wave reflection seismic data with CPT data in order to obtain laterally continuous subsoil information. In this vein, a valid quantitative means to relate seismic reflections to CPT data is a primary requirement. The approach proposed here is based on the characterization of the scaling behavior of the local fine‐scale S‐wave velocity information extracted from the seismic reflection data and the same behavior of the CPT cone resistance. The local velocity contrast information is extracted by linearized Zoeppritz inversion of the amplitude‐preserved prestack reflection data. We have formulated a multiscale analysis approach employing the continuous wavelet transform in order to quantitatively characterize the nature of change at an interface of the local S‐wave velocity contrast and the CPT cone resistance and to illuminate any relation between these two. The multiscale analysis estimates the singularity parameter α, which indicates the nature of the interfacial change. The application of our method to the field data has uncovered a striking relation between the nature of variation of the local S‐wave velocity contrast and that of CPT cone resistance; otherwise, such a relation was not visible. Detailed analyses of two extensive field datasets have shown that the lateral fine‐scale variation of soil strength, as seen by CPT cone resistance, has a close resemblance with the variation of the local S‐wave velocity function as seen by angle‐dependent reflection measurements. This leads to a unique possibility to integrate two very different in‐situ measurements—reflection seismic and CPT—providing laterally continuous detailed information of the soil layer boundaries.

Rift processes in the Westralian Superbasin, North West Shelf, Australia: insights from 2D deep reflection seismic interpretation and potential fields modelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Belgarde ◽  
Gianreto Manatschal ◽  
Nick Kusznir ◽  
Sonia Scarselli ◽  
Michal Ruder
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Potential Fields ◽  
Moho Depth ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
Forward Modelling ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
North West ◽  
Reflection Seismic ◽  
The North ◽  
Reflection Data

Acquisition of long-offset (8–10 km), long-record length (12–18 sec), 2D reflection seismic and ship-borne potential fields data (WestraliaSpan by Ion/GXT and New Dawn by PGS) on the North West Shelf of Australia provide the opportunity to study rift processes in the context of modern models for rifted margins (Manatschal, 2004). Basement and Moho surfaces were interpreted on seismic reflection data. Refraction models from Geoscience Australia constrain Moho depth and initial densities for gravity modelling through standard velocity-density transformation. 2D joint inversion of seismic reflection and gravity data for Moho depth and basement density constrain depth to basement on seismic. 2D gravity and magnetic intensity forward modelling of key seismic lines constrain basement thickness, type and density. Late Permian and Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rift zones were mapped on seismic reflection data and constrained further by inversion and forward modelling of potential fields data. The Westralian Superbasin formed as a marginal basin in Eastern Gondwana during the Late Permian rifting of the Sibumasu terrane. Crustal necking was localised along mechanically-weak Proterozoic suture belts or Early Paleozoic sedimentary basins (such as Paterson and Canning). Mechanically-strong cratons (such as Pilbara and Kimberley) remained intact, resulting in necking and hyper-extension at their edges. Late Permian hyper-extended areas (such as Exmouth Plateau) behaved as mechanically-strong blocks during the Jurassic to Early Cretaceous continental break-up. Late Permian necking zones were reactivated as failed-rift basins and localised the deposition of the Jurassic oil-prone source rocks that have generated much of the oil discovered on the North West Shelf.

EXPLORATION HORIZONS FROM NEW SEISMIC CONCEPTS OF CDP AND DIGITAL PROCESSING

Geophysics ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Marr ◽  
Edward F. Zagst
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Seismic Data Processing ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Recent Developments

The more recent developments in common‐depth‐point techniques to attenuate multiple reflections have resulted in an exploration capability comparable to the development of the seismic reflection method. The combination of new concepts in digital seismic data processing with CDP techniques is creating unforeseen exploration horizons with vastly improved seismic data. Major improvements in multiple reflection and reverberation attenuation are now attainable with appropriate CDP geometry and special CDP stacking procedures. Further major improvements are clearly evident in the very near future with the use of multichannel digital filtering‐stacking techniques and the application of deconvolution as the first step in seismic data processing. CDP techniques are briefly reviewed and evaluated with real and experimental data. Synthetic data are used to illustrate that all seismic reflection data should be deconvolved as the first processing step.

scholarly journals Fault interpretation in seismic reflection data: an experiment analysing the impact of conceptual model anchoring and vertical exaggeration

Solid Earth ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1651-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Alcalde ◽  
Clare E. Bond ◽  
Gareth Johnson ◽  
Armelle Kloppenburg ◽  
Oriol Ferrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Seismic Section ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Seismic ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Interpretation Process ◽  
Fault Interpretation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The use of conceptual models is essential in the interpretation of reflection seismic data. It allows interpreters to make geological sense of seismic data, which carries inherent uncertainty. However, conceptual models can create powerful anchors that prevent interpreters from reassessing and adapting their interpretations as part of the interpretation process, which can subsequently lead to flawed or erroneous outcomes. It is therefore critical to understand how conceptual models are generated and applied to reduce unwanted effects in interpretation results. Here we have tested how interpretation of vertically exaggerated seismic data influenced the creation and adoption of the conceptual models of 161 participants in a paper-based interpretation experiment. Participants were asked to interpret a series of faults and a horizon, offset by those faults, in a seismic section. The seismic section was randomly presented to the participants with different horizontal–vertical exaggeration (1:4 or 1:2). Statistical analysis of the results indicates that early anchoring to specific conceptual models had the most impact on interpretation outcome, with the degree of vertical exaggeration having a subdued influence. Three different conceptual models were adopted by participants, constrained by initial observations of the seismic data. Interpreted fault dip angles show no evidence of other constraints (e.g. from the application of accepted fault dip models). Our results provide evidence of biases in interpretation of uncertain geological and geophysical data, including the use of heuristics to form initial conceptual models and anchoring to these models, confirming the need for increased understanding and mitigation of these biases to improve interpretation outcomes.

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