The three‐dimensional seismic technique as an integral component of the field development and production process

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Ritchie ◽  
Geoffrey A. King
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Integral Component

scholarly journals THREE DIMENSIONAL MOVABLE BOOKS FOR CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Ali KILIÇ
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Media Arts ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Paper Engineering ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Design And Production

Three dimensional (3D) “pop-ups” are multisensory books appealing to audio, visual and tactile experiences of readers. They bring children and parents together and positively contribute to the educational and cognitive development of children. The design and production process of pop-ups plays an important role in the efficiency of this contribution. The increasing number and demand towards these books in recent years necessitates an interdisciplinary study from the perspective of visual and media arts, related engineering fields (such as paper engineering) and publishing technologies. Pop-up books are also regarded as educational materials, therefore constituting an interesting subject for pedagogy.

scholarly journals Tidal Energy Flows between the Midriff Islands in the Gulf of California

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Federico Angel Velazquez-Muñoz ◽  
Anatoliy Filonov
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Internal Wave ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Current Flow ◽  
Tidal Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Wave Measurements

The Gulf of California has many regions of potential tidal-stream energy that have been identified and characterized using in-situ measurements and numerical ocean models. The Midriff Islands region has received particular attention due to its increased current speeds and high kinetic energy. This increase in energy can be seen in the formation of internal wave packets propagating for several hundred kilometers. Here we present a brief description of internal wave measurements travel towards the Northern Gulf and explore energy generation sites. In this paper we characterize the tidal inflow and outflow that passes throughout the Midriff Islands in the central part of the Gulf. We use a three-dimensional numerical ocean model that adequately reproduces the tidal flow and the increase in speed and kinetic energy between the islands. The current flow structure shows the highest velocity cores near the shore and far from the bottom. During the rising tide, the maximum current flow (~0.6 ms−1) was found between Turón Island and San Lorenzo Island, from the surface to 200 m depth. When the currents flowed out of the Gulf, during the falling tide, the maximum negative current (−0.8 ms−1) was found between Tiburon Island and Turón Island, from near the surface to 80 m depth. Although there are favorable conditions for power generation potential by tidal flows, the vertical variability of the current must be considered for field development and equipment installation sites.

Development of a process for the manufacturing of SU-8 100 for the use in cell culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-360
Author(s):  
Grit Blume ◽  
Gabriela Mielke ◽  
Jessica Kohnert ◽  
Ralf Pörtner ◽  
Khiem H Trieu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Cell Growth And Viability ◽  
Negative Tone

SU-8 100 is a negative-tone photoresist which is used for the manufacturing of structures with high thickness and aspect ratio. The use of SU-8 100 systems in cell culture is difficult due to its cytotoxicity resulting from leachables. In this article, the production process of non-cytotoxic SU-8 100 foils is described. The aim is to create a polymer scaffold with integrated sensors in order to enable online measurements of cell growth and viability within a three-dimensional cell culture. This scaffold could be a useful tool for testing biological effects of pharmaceutical substances. Therefore, the scaffold material must not have a negative influence on the cell growth and viability. Among the biocompatibility tests described in DIN EN ISO 10993-5, the neutral red uptake method was chosen to evaluate the cytotoxicity of polymer foils. The production process of SU-8 100 was altered in such a way that non-cytotoxic SU-8 100 foils can be manufactured.

scholarly journals Sweet spots prediction through fracture genesis using multi-scale geological and geophysical data in the karst reservoirs of Cambrian Longwangmiao Carbonate Formation, Moxi-Gaoshiti area in Sichuan Basin, South China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Jiang ◽  
Lun Zhao ◽  
Anzhu Xu ◽  
Umar Ashraf ◽  
Jiquan Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Carbonate Formation ◽  
Effective Development

AbstractFractures play a vital role in reservoir transformation, but the distribution of faults and fractures is difficult to obtain by observing cores, which ultimately limits the effective development of gas dolomite reservoirs. We propose an integrated method that incorporates thin-section observations, three-dimensional (3D) seismic data, and image logs to interpret the distribution of faults and fractures of Cambrian Longwangmiao Carbonate Formation to predict potential development areas in the Moxi-Gaoshiti area of the Sichuan Basin, South China. Firstly, the faults were well interpreted by using the automatic tracking and 3D visualization technique based on the new seismic combination attribute of symmetry and ant tracking. Secondly, a comprehensive analysis was conducted using the thin sections, paleogeomorphology, and in situ test results to determine the fracture types (corrosion and structural fractures). The results help us to find potential sweet spot zones with good permeabilities, which is of great significance in reducing the risk of water production of drilled wells in the field development.

scholarly journals Research Method for Management of Thermoplastics Production Improvement in Rubber Industry with the Use of 3D Simulation Modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Sándor Forrai ◽  
Balázs Ludanyi ◽  
István Péter Szabó ◽  
Justyna Smagowicz ◽  
Cezary Szwed
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Setup Time ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Production Processes

Abstract The paper concerns research and improvement of production processes in one of the European companies in the rubber industry1. The main goal is to improve the production process of the thermo-plastics obtained from polymer materials on the company’s production line. Improvement is defined as a reduction of the setup time of a key machine in the tested production process. The research method includes the analysis of the literature, observation of the studied process, and the accomplished computer simulation experiments. The proposed activities relate to the reinforcement of the key part of the machine, the change of the machine setup method, and the preliminary staff assignment to the specific tasks. The results of the simulation experiments confirm the implementation of the proposed improvements. The theoretical contribution to the research field development is the proposal of the simulation modeling methodology to improve production processes of continuous materials. Practical conclusions lead to recommendations for the implementation of improvements in the enterprise, with direct application of the proposed actions.

Model Testing the 3D Dynamic Behaviour of the GAP System and Comparison With Numerical Computations

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Sergent ◽  
Bruno Thibault ◽  
Alexis Lenoble
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lateral Motion ◽  
Flow Lines ◽  
Transfer Lines ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Fluid Transfer ◽  
Neutrally Buoyant

MURPHY Sabah Oil Co. Ltd. is developing the Kikeh Field located offshore Malaysia in the South China Sea in a water depth of 1325m. This field development is based on a Floating Production Storage and Offloading unit (FPSO) and a wellhead Spar Dry Tree Unit (DTU). Fluids will be transported in fluid transfer lines (FTL) using SBM’s newly developed and patented Gravity Actuated Pipe (GAP) system to support a horizontal neutrally buoyant bundle of flow lines between two moored floaters. Fatigue and extreme analyses of the GAP system have been carried out with a fully dynamic numerical model. In order to verify the validity of the model, three dimensional tests have been performed by OCEANIDE in IFREMER basin in Brest (France). The complete GAP system was modelled at 1:37 scale by OCEANIDE (France). The model included the GAP bundle (carrier pipe with four flow-lines and one umbilical), two towheads located at each extremity of the bundle, a tether chain arrangement supporting the GAP bundle at its two attachments on the FPSO and the DTU. The paper will cover the salient results of the model test campaign. A comparison between tests-results and numerical simulations will also be presented. Furthermore, the occurrence of such dynamical behaviours as Heave Induced Lateral Motion (HILM) will be investigated.

EVOLUTION OF SEISMIC TECHNOLOGY INTO THE 1980's

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Graebner ◽  
G. Steel and. C.B. Wason
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Seismic Wave Propagation ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Computer Performance ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Borehole Logs ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Hydrocarbon Reserves

In the last few years, the quality and resolution of subsurface images, based on seismic data, have improved considerably with the introduction of wavelet processing and three-dimensional (3D) seismic techniques. Together, these are being used increasingly in field development to optimize drilling locations and improve estimates of hydrocarbon reserves.Exploiting the steady gains in computer performance, significant enhancement in image resolution is being achieved using the convolutional model of seismic wave propagation. In the 1980's, progress will proceed apace along this path, one which is analogous to the photographic imaging technique; furthermore the wavelet processing techniques will continue to improve, aided by better imaging methods based on holographic principles.Another innovation that will offer the potential for a more accurate estimation of hydrocarbon reserves is the application of inversion by modelling. These methods generate estimates of the subsurface lithologic parameters directly from the data. The results are reconciled with available borehole logs and used to define reservoir characteristics at the spatial sampling of the data.

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